Central dogma of Molecular Biology with video of DNA replication, Transcription and Translation. It help to understand the basic of DNA structure and its function.
nucleic acid
history
central dogma of life
types of nucleic acid
functions of DNA
Replication
encoding information
mutation and recombination
gene expression
This ppt covers:
Central dogma, discoverer of central dogma, Reason why its called central dogma, DNA, RNA, Protein, functions of protein, Types of RNA, DNA replication, Protein synthesis, Transcription, Translation, Exceptions of central dogma, Reverse transcription , prions, genetic code, mutation with types and causes
nucleic acid
history
central dogma of life
types of nucleic acid
functions of DNA
Replication
encoding information
mutation and recombination
gene expression
This ppt covers:
Central dogma, discoverer of central dogma, Reason why its called central dogma, DNA, RNA, Protein, functions of protein, Types of RNA, DNA replication, Protein synthesis, Transcription, Translation, Exceptions of central dogma, Reverse transcription , prions, genetic code, mutation with types and causes
"Introns: Structure and Functions" during November, 2011 (Friday Seminar activity, Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka) by Yogesh S Bhagat (Ph D Scholar)
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene structurestusharamodugu
Organization of genome in Prokaryotes:
The term prokaryote means “primitive nucleus”. Cell in prokaryotes have no nucleus. The prokaryotic chromosome is dispersed within the cell and is not enclosed by a separate membrane. Much of the information about the structure of DNA comes from studies of prokaryotes, because they are less complex than eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are monoploids they have only one set of genes (one copy of the genome). In most viruses and prokaryotes, the single set of genes is stored in a single chromosome (single molecule either RNA or DNA).
Organization of genome in Prokaryotes:
The term prokaryote means “primitive nucleus”. Cell in prokaryotes have no nucleus. The prokaryotic chromosome is dispersed within the cell and is not enclosed by a separate membrane. Much of the information about the structure of DNA comes from studies of prokaryotes, because they are less complex than eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are monoploids they have only one set of genes (one copy of the genome). In most viruses and prokaryotes, the single set of genes is stored in a single chromosome (single molecule either RNA or DNA). Organization of genome in Prokaryotes:
The term prokaryote means “primitive nucleus”. Cell in prokaryotes have no nucleus. The prokaryotic chromosome is dispersed within the cell and is not enclosed by a separate membrane. Much of the information about the structure of DNA comes from studies of prokaryotes, because they are less complex than eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are monoploids they have only one set of genes (one copy of the genome). In most viruses and prokaryotes, the single set of genes is stored in a single chromosome (single molecule either RNA or DNA).
Gene structure and its characteristics: structure of DNA, structure by watson and crick double helix structure, dominant and recessive gene, homologous and heterozygous state, translation, transcription, characteristics of gene.
This presentation is targeted for MBBS, MD and BDS students that describes briefly about aetiopathogenesis, tumour markers, anti cancer agents, apoptosis
"Introns: Structure and Functions" during November, 2011 (Friday Seminar activity, Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka) by Yogesh S Bhagat (Ph D Scholar)
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene structurestusharamodugu
Organization of genome in Prokaryotes:
The term prokaryote means “primitive nucleus”. Cell in prokaryotes have no nucleus. The prokaryotic chromosome is dispersed within the cell and is not enclosed by a separate membrane. Much of the information about the structure of DNA comes from studies of prokaryotes, because they are less complex than eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are monoploids they have only one set of genes (one copy of the genome). In most viruses and prokaryotes, the single set of genes is stored in a single chromosome (single molecule either RNA or DNA).
Organization of genome in Prokaryotes:
The term prokaryote means “primitive nucleus”. Cell in prokaryotes have no nucleus. The prokaryotic chromosome is dispersed within the cell and is not enclosed by a separate membrane. Much of the information about the structure of DNA comes from studies of prokaryotes, because they are less complex than eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are monoploids they have only one set of genes (one copy of the genome). In most viruses and prokaryotes, the single set of genes is stored in a single chromosome (single molecule either RNA or DNA). Organization of genome in Prokaryotes:
The term prokaryote means “primitive nucleus”. Cell in prokaryotes have no nucleus. The prokaryotic chromosome is dispersed within the cell and is not enclosed by a separate membrane. Much of the information about the structure of DNA comes from studies of prokaryotes, because they are less complex than eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are monoploids they have only one set of genes (one copy of the genome). In most viruses and prokaryotes, the single set of genes is stored in a single chromosome (single molecule either RNA or DNA).
Gene structure and its characteristics: structure of DNA, structure by watson and crick double helix structure, dominant and recessive gene, homologous and heterozygous state, translation, transcription, characteristics of gene.
This presentation is targeted for MBBS, MD and BDS students that describes briefly about aetiopathogenesis, tumour markers, anti cancer agents, apoptosis
We know that DNA is located in the nucleus, but not all the actions are performed there. Therefore, must be an intermediary that helps the DNA in the transport of the information from the nucleus to cytoplasm.
The intermediary is the RNA that allows to carry it to the cytoplasm for begin with the synthesis of proteins.
The procedure in that the RNA allows the protein's synthesis is the genetic code, which is organized of a way where three nucleotides can do an aminoacid.
But there are cases when some kinds of organism don´t have the same way to do this process, like the virus, retrovirus and prions.
DNA Synthesis: Bio-Synthesis world’s leading Supplier providing commercial Synthetic DNA, custom DNA synthesis services and developer of new technologies for unmodified DNA synthesis.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Central dogma of molecular biology with video slide.
1. Molecular Biology: Central Dogma, DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation, mRNA processing
Dogma: (Greek word): A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true.
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
• The central dogma of molecular biology is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a
biological system. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1956 and re-stated in a Nature paper published in
1970.
• The central dogma of molecular biology deals with the detailed residue-by-residue transfer of sequential
information. It states that such information cannot be transferred back from protein to either protein or
nucleic acid. — Francis Crick
2.
3.
4. DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
• DNA strands are termed polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler monomer units called
nucleotides
• Each nucleotide is composed of
I. one of four nitrogen-containing nucleobases—either cytosine (C),guanine (G), adenine (A), or thymine (T)
II. A sugar called deoxyribose
III. A phosphate group.