This presentation gives an insight about various antennas that were in use in cell phones and are being used in today's smartphones. Images of various phone models showing antenna used are included to give pictorial view of internal antennas
This thesis focuses on mobile phones antenna design with brief description about the historical development, basic parameters and the types of antennas which are used in mobile phones. Mobile phones antenna design section consists of two proposed PIFA antennas. The first design concerns a single band antenna with resonant frequency at GPS frequency (1.575GHz). The first model is designed with main consideration that is to have the lower possible PIFA single band dimensions with reasonable return loss (S11) and the efficiencies. Second design concerns in a wideband PIFA antenna which cover the range from 1800MHz to 2600MHz. This range covers certain important bands: GSM (1800MHz & 1900MHz), UMTS (2100MHz), Bluetooth & Wi-Fi (2.4GHz) and LTE system (2.3GHz, 2.5GHz, and 2.6GHz). The wideband PIFA design is achieved by using slotted ground plane technique. The simulations for both models are performed in COMSOL Multiphysics.
The last two parts of the thesis present the problems of mobile phones antenna. Starting with Specific absorption rate (SAR) problem, efficiency of Mobile phones antenna, and hand-held environment.
An antenna is the most important device in a cell-phone in terms of wireless communication. If the antenna doesn't work very well, the signal strength drops drastically. For the design of cell-phone antennas, we can adopt a dipole, helical, PIFA (Planar Inverted F Antenna), or intennas.
This presentation & video explains electromagnetic spectrum, frequency, band, bandwidth and how these concepts are used in mobile technology. We also look at antennas for smartphones including 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G
A loop antenna is a radio antenna consisting of a loop or coil of wire, tubing, or other electrical conductor with its ends connected to a balanced transmission line (or possibly a balun). There are two distinct antenna designs: the small loop (or magnetic loop) with a size much smaller than a wavelength, and the much larger resonant loop antenna with a circumference close to the intended wavelength of operation. Small loops have low radiation resistance and thus poor efficiency and are mainly used as receiving antennas at low frequencies. To increase the magnetic field in the loop and thus the efficiency, the coil of wire is often wound around a ferrite rod magnetic core; this is called a ferrite loop antenna. The ferrite loop is the antenna used in many AM broadcast receivers, with the exception of external loops used with AV Amplifier-Receivers and car radios; the antenna is often contained inside the radio's case. These antennas are also used for radio direction finding. In amateur radio, loop antennas are often used for low profile operating where larger antennas would be inconvenient, unsightly.
(c) WIkipedia
This thesis focuses on mobile phones antenna design with brief description about the historical development, basic parameters and the types of antennas which are used in mobile phones. Mobile phones antenna design section consists of two proposed PIFA antennas. The first design concerns a single band antenna with resonant frequency at GPS frequency (1.575GHz). The first model is designed with main consideration that is to have the lower possible PIFA single band dimensions with reasonable return loss (S11) and the efficiencies. Second design concerns in a wideband PIFA antenna which cover the range from 1800MHz to 2600MHz. This range covers certain important bands: GSM (1800MHz & 1900MHz), UMTS (2100MHz), Bluetooth & Wi-Fi (2.4GHz) and LTE system (2.3GHz, 2.5GHz, and 2.6GHz). The wideband PIFA design is achieved by using slotted ground plane technique. The simulations for both models are performed in COMSOL Multiphysics.
The last two parts of the thesis present the problems of mobile phones antenna. Starting with Specific absorption rate (SAR) problem, efficiency of Mobile phones antenna, and hand-held environment.
An antenna is the most important device in a cell-phone in terms of wireless communication. If the antenna doesn't work very well, the signal strength drops drastically. For the design of cell-phone antennas, we can adopt a dipole, helical, PIFA (Planar Inverted F Antenna), or intennas.
This presentation & video explains electromagnetic spectrum, frequency, band, bandwidth and how these concepts are used in mobile technology. We also look at antennas for smartphones including 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G
A loop antenna is a radio antenna consisting of a loop or coil of wire, tubing, or other electrical conductor with its ends connected to a balanced transmission line (or possibly a balun). There are two distinct antenna designs: the small loop (or magnetic loop) with a size much smaller than a wavelength, and the much larger resonant loop antenna with a circumference close to the intended wavelength of operation. Small loops have low radiation resistance and thus poor efficiency and are mainly used as receiving antennas at low frequencies. To increase the magnetic field in the loop and thus the efficiency, the coil of wire is often wound around a ferrite rod magnetic core; this is called a ferrite loop antenna. The ferrite loop is the antenna used in many AM broadcast receivers, with the exception of external loops used with AV Amplifier-Receivers and car radios; the antenna is often contained inside the radio's case. These antennas are also used for radio direction finding. In amateur radio, loop antennas are often used for low profile operating where larger antennas would be inconvenient, unsightly.
(c) WIkipedia
hello readers i give my PPT presentation for about antenna and ther properties and working explain in this ppt
i hope you like it THANK YOU.......!!!!!!!
Its a good presentation on Antenna topic because every one is know that in electrical engineering antenna is a complete subject & its too much difficult subject of electrical engineering....I hope this ppt slides helpful in your future...Thanks A lot guys.......
KINDLY REGARDS
KHAWAJA SHAHBAZ IQBAL
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB ,LAHORE ,PAKISTAN
+923360690272
MicroStrip Antenna
Introduction .
Micro-Strip Antennas Types .
Micro-Strip Antennas Shapes .
Types of Substrates (Dielectric Media) .
Comparison of various types of flat profile printed antennas .
Advantages & DisAdvantages of MSAs .
Applications of MSAs .
Radiation patterns of MSAs .
How to Optimizing the Substrate Properties for Increased Bandwidth ?
Comparing the different feed techniques .
Design & Study of Microstrip Patch Antenna.The project here provides a detailed study of how to design a probe-fed Square Micro-strip Patch Antenna using HFSS, v11.0 software and study the effect of antenna dimensions Length (L), and substrate parameters relative Dielectric constant (εr), substrate thickness (t) on the Radiation parameters of Bandwidth and Beam-width.
After reading, you will learn what is an IoT antenna, what are the IoT antenna types.
What is an IoT antenna?
The Internet of Things/IoT antenna is used in communication media that is connected to each other, IoT antenna is one of the two core components of the Internet of Things communications.
The first one is the wireless module, the second one is the IoT antenna, the two components directly determine the quality of the communication network, such as the distance from the communication, the net network is fast, the network is stable, and the network is stable.
Internet of Things (IoT) devices need to have an antenna. The smaller the IoT device space, the more the frequency band and the more complex IoT antenna design. Internet of Things/IoT antenna includes NB-IoT antenna, 4G antenna, 5G antenna, GSM antenna, Lora antenna, GPRS antenna, UMTS antenna, Lora antenna, ISM antenna, GNSS antenna, WiFi antenna, GPS antenna, etc.
hello readers i give my PPT presentation for about antenna and ther properties and working explain in this ppt
i hope you like it THANK YOU.......!!!!!!!
Its a good presentation on Antenna topic because every one is know that in electrical engineering antenna is a complete subject & its too much difficult subject of electrical engineering....I hope this ppt slides helpful in your future...Thanks A lot guys.......
KINDLY REGARDS
KHAWAJA SHAHBAZ IQBAL
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB ,LAHORE ,PAKISTAN
+923360690272
MicroStrip Antenna
Introduction .
Micro-Strip Antennas Types .
Micro-Strip Antennas Shapes .
Types of Substrates (Dielectric Media) .
Comparison of various types of flat profile printed antennas .
Advantages & DisAdvantages of MSAs .
Applications of MSAs .
Radiation patterns of MSAs .
How to Optimizing the Substrate Properties for Increased Bandwidth ?
Comparing the different feed techniques .
Design & Study of Microstrip Patch Antenna.The project here provides a detailed study of how to design a probe-fed Square Micro-strip Patch Antenna using HFSS, v11.0 software and study the effect of antenna dimensions Length (L), and substrate parameters relative Dielectric constant (εr), substrate thickness (t) on the Radiation parameters of Bandwidth and Beam-width.
After reading, you will learn what is an IoT antenna, what are the IoT antenna types.
What is an IoT antenna?
The Internet of Things/IoT antenna is used in communication media that is connected to each other, IoT antenna is one of the two core components of the Internet of Things communications.
The first one is the wireless module, the second one is the IoT antenna, the two components directly determine the quality of the communication network, such as the distance from the communication, the net network is fast, the network is stable, and the network is stable.
Internet of Things (IoT) devices need to have an antenna. The smaller the IoT device space, the more the frequency band and the more complex IoT antenna design. Internet of Things/IoT antenna includes NB-IoT antenna, 4G antenna, 5G antenna, GSM antenna, Lora antenna, GPRS antenna, UMTS antenna, Lora antenna, ISM antenna, GNSS antenna, WiFi antenna, GPS antenna, etc.
This article talks about the available IoT embedded antenna options and influencing factors analysis. How to choose an embedded antenna for IoT applications?
IoT projects rely on wireless connectivity, and the signal of the wireless connection depends on the chip itself as well as the antenna.
Wi-Fi is the preferred choice for portable devices or IP cameras, while industrial applications (such as remote monitoring, smart meters, smart buildings, smart cities, manufacturing automation, smart agriculture, and tracking) are more likely to use LPWAN networks such as NB-IoT, LoRa, SigFox, ISM or cellular networks. Each of these types of networks has a wide variety of embedded antennas.
This article will discuss the embedded antenna options available and some of the factors that influence selection.
Wirelessmobilechargingthroughmicrowaves2 r aviRavi Kumar
WIRELESS CHARGING
INTRODUCTION Always the recharging of mobile phone batteries has always been a problem for us. This problem will be solved after our proposal………!!!!!!!! In this paper a new proposal has been made so as to make the recharging of the mobile phones is done automatically as you talk in your mobile phone!
3. The microwave signal is transmitted from the transmitter along with the message signal using special kind of antennas called slotted wave guide antenna at a frequency is 2.45 GHz Thus the more you talk, the more is your mobile phone charged!!!!!!! This is new isn’t?!!
4. What Is Microwaves????? Microwaves are good for transmitting information from one place to another because microwave energy can penetrate haze, light rain and snow, clouds, and smoke. Shorter microwaves are used in remote sensing. These microwaves are used for radar like the Doppler radar used in weather forecasts
5. Microwaves > Frequency Range: 3GHZ to 300GHZ > Remort Sensing. > Communication Industry. >2.45GHZ ISM Band.
6. TRANSMITTER DESIGN The MAGNETRON is a self-contained microwave oscillator that operates differently from the linearbeam tubes, such as the TWT and the klystron. ——Magnetron is used to produce high-power output required in radar and communications equipment —Microwaves used in mobile communication are also produced by similar Oscillators
7. Magnetron - Construction
8. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
9. WHAT’S RECTANNAE??? What’s rectannae you are confused…….it’s nothing but the combination of rectifier and antenna. Antenna is to receive the microwave signal and it just feed the signal to rectifier . Rectifier is to convert the AC signal to PULSATING DC signal.
10. RECEIVER DESIGN The basic addition to the mobile phone is going to be the rectenna. A rectenna is a rectifying antenna, a special type of antenna that is used to directly convert microwave energy into DC electricity.
11. ADVANTAGES Use of separate chargers is eliminated. Electricity is saved The phone can be charged anywhere anytime. Wireless energy transfer can potentially recharge the mobile phones without chords. Only one microwave transmitter can serve to all the service providers in that area. The need of different types of chargers by different manufacturers is totally eliminated.
12. DISADVANTAGES The transmitter and receiver also should be very powerful devices as the distance increases. Slower Charging. Wireless transmission of the energy causes some drastic effects to human body, because of its radiation. More costly.
Tech Vidhya is the premier IT and Telecom training institute of India that is running its quality training courses since last decade and we deliver what we promise. Tech Vidhya is the leading training institute in telecom and IT sector that offers various Telecom, telecommunication, Networking and IT/Software courses in an efficient and friendly manner. We are having the highly qualified and experienced trainers for all the courses. The trainers are updated with the latest technologies and they are working on various live projects on India’s top telecom/IT companies.
Planar Internal Antenna Design for Cellular Applications & SAR AnalysisIJERD Editor
This paper presents a new design of direct-fed Multi band printed Planar Internal Antenna (PIA), for
cellular applications. The PIA antenna is composed of ground plane, meander radiating strip and two other
parasitic strips are printed on a common substrate. The designed antenna has been simulated in CST
environment. The simulated results for the resonant frequency, return loss, radiation pattern and gain are
presented and discussed. The bandwidths for three resonance achieved on the basis of -6 dB return loss.These
Bandwidths can be utilized for GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900, LTE 2300 and Bluetooth/WLAN as an
acceptable reference in mobile phones applications. Further the antenna was placed in proximity to the SAR
head on CST environment. The simulated results of SAR analysis are presented in this paper with acceptable
range.
Built-in and external antenna and built-in antenna technical requirements--C&...Antenna Manufacturer Coco
The antenna is divided into built-in and external, external use of the main spiral or PCB, the helical antenna is generally better than the general bandwidth, PCB antenna is easier to adjust the frequency easy to design, but Ericsson has two important patents, so very few in the European and American markets Other manufacturers use. There is also a false built-in antenna, in fact, is a built-in external antenna, the performance is relatively poor, generally not recommended.
This presentation gives an insight to effects of microwave radiation from cell phone towers around us. The impact of such towers on animals, plants & humans is discussed and some simple solutions are also presented.
This presentation gives an overview of various security issues in mobile phones having different operating systems. Ways to avoid spamming and malware in our mobile phones are also presented.
This presentation gives brief description of Wi-Fi Technolgy, standards, applications,topologies, how Wi-Fi network works, security,advantages and innovations.
These are the steps to be followed to use the Optimetrics feature in HFSS. This feature lets a user to optimize his/her design and its parameters by employing several techniques.
A Multi-Band PIFA with Slotted Ground Plane Naveen Kumar
A multiband PIFA is proposed which operates on DCS, PCS, 3G, 4G, Bluetooth, WLAN & GPS bands. This antenna is designed and simulated in HFSS. The results shows good gain and radiation pattern at all resonant frequencies.
Study of Planar Inverted - F Antenna (PIFA) for mobile devices Naveen Kumar
A brief study of planar inverted-F antenna is given. Basic structure of PIFA is discussed and effect of various parameters is explained. Techniques to improve bandwidth coverage by the antenna are also discussed.
A compact planar inverted-F antenna with slotted ground planeNaveen Kumar
Design of a small and thin PIFA antenna for handheld devices covering several cellular communication bands such as UMTS, Bluetooth, WiMAX, 4G LTE, WLAN.
Ground plane of the antenna is used as a radiator along with the main patch.
Routing in Integrated circuits is an important task which requires extreme care while placing the modules and circuits and connecting them with each other.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
2. Contents
Cell Phone Antennas
2
The Icebreaker: First Cell Phone
Facts about the first cell phone
Trends in Cell-Phone Development
Antenna – An Introduction
Types of Antennas used in Cell phones
Retractable Monopole Antenna
Helical Antenna
Intenna
Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA)
● Antennas in some of Today’s Smartphones
● SAR Measurement
● Advancements & Future Technologies
● References
3. The Icebreaker: First Cell-Phone
3
Dr. Martin Cooper at Motorola Inc.
Thin phone: 7.2 [mm]
Motorola ULTRA
Cell Phone Antennas
DynaTAC
4. 4
The first
DynaTAC
phone
weighted
around 2.2
Kgs (approx.)
The battery
life would
last for
only 20
minutes
Nicknamed
the
‘The BRICK’
Its cost
was
around
4,000 US
Dollars
Cell Phone Antennas
Quick Facts About the First Cell Phone
6. Antenna- An Introduction
6
An Antenna converts electromagnetic radiation into electric
current, or vice versa.
Need of Antenna :
For transmission and reception of the radio signal.
Antennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to
couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field.
Cell Phone Antennas
7. Types of Antennas used in Cell Phones
7
Following are some of the antennas used in cellular phones:
External Antennas
Retractable Monopole (whips) antennas
Helical antennas
Internal Antennas
Microstrip antennas (MSA)
Planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA)
Cell Phone Antennas
8. Retractable Monopole Antenna
8
An antenna that we can retract.
Basically a dipole antenna with top loading (looks like
a hat)
Cell Phone Antennas
9. Helical (Stubby) Antenna
9
When we open a cap, we can see a helical antenna.
(looks like a spring)
We don’t have to retract. → It is convenient for users.
Cell Phone Antennas
11. Intenna
11
Internal antenna: The antenna is embedded inside the
phone which is not visible to us.
A phone case is strongly related to an intenna.
Cell Phone Antennas
12. Intenna for 3G Phone
12
A metal strip pattern is served as an antenna.
Cell Phone Antennas
13. Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA)
13
RadiatorSignal Input
Coaxial
Cable
Original Form
PIFA
Integrated PIFA
Cell Phone Antennas
17. Antennas for Galaxy Nexus & Galaxy S
17
Cell Phone Antennas
Galaxy Nexus
Galaxy S
18. Apple’s Antennagate
18
Death grip: when we touch a certain part of an iPhone 4, the
ongoing call may gets dropped.
Stainless steel frame as multi-band antennas.
Iphone 4
Cell Phone Antennas
19. SAR Measurement
19
SAR: Specific Absorption Rate
Our brain can absorb Electromagnetic (EM) power. The
SAR measures how much power our head absorbs.
Cell Phone Antennas