Cell division Mitosis.pdf
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Cell division occurs through mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis involves the division of the nucleus to produce two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. It has five stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, DNA replicates and the cell grows in preparation for division. Mitosis ensures growth, repair, and formation of sex cells through equal distribution of chromosomes to new cells.
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Cell Division 1 Mitosis notes
Cell division occurs through mitosis and cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Mitosis involves the division of the cell nucleus through processes like prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm to form two distinct cells. Cell division is important for growth, repair of damaged cells, and reproduction.
Cell cycle & cell division
Types of phases are described in this ppt.........
Thanks to My Bio Tr - Mrs. Alarmelu Natchiar.........
Cell cycle
Cell division and growth occur through the cell cycle, which consists of interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its DNA in preparation for division. Interphase includes G1, S, and G2 phases where the cell accumulates building blocks and energy for DNA replication in S phase. In mitosis, the duplicated DNA and cell contents are separated into two daughter cells through karyokinesis and cytokinesis. Cell division allows organisms to grow, develop, replace old cells, and produce new cells or organisms.
Cell differentiation notes
The document discusses the cell cycle and differentiation. It describes the three main stages of the cell cycle as interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Interphase is broken down into Gap 1, synthesis, and Gap 2 phases. Mitosis consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Cytokinesis is the final stage where the cell physically divides. Differentiation is when unspecialized cells become specialized cell types by turning on and off parts of their DNA. Stem cells can become any cell type while progenitor cells are somewhat specialized.
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Cell cycle & Mitosis presentation to help understand the basic concepts related to the topic. This topic is included in the Maharashtra Board curriculum for XIth Std Biology paper. All videos inserted in this powerpoint have their respective copyrights. Unauthorized distribution and copying of the same is prohibited
Eukaryotic cell cycle
The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four main phases - G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and M phase. In G1, cells grow and prepare for DNA replication. In S phase, DNA replication occurs as the DNA duplicates. In G2, cells continue to grow and prepare for mitosis. M phase consists of mitosis, where duplicated chromosomes separate, and cytokinesis, where the cell cytoplasm divides to form two daughter cells each with an identical set of chromosomes. Checkpoint controls ensure conditions are right before progressing between phases.
Cytoskeleton
The document discusses the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. It provides information on the history, structure, and functions of the three main cytoskeletal components: microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. Microtubules are hollow rods that help with intracellular transport and cell division. Microfilaments are made of actin and involved in cell motility and muscle contraction. Intermediate filaments provide mechanical strength and resist stresses on the cell.
Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that packages and modifies proteins and lipids. It consists of stacked, flattened sacs called cisternae. Proteins enter the Golgi at the cis face and undergo processing and modification as they move through the cisternae towards the trans face. At the trans face, proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles and transported to their final destinations within or outside the cell. The Golgi apparatus plays important roles in protein modification, secretion, and sorting of macromolecules.
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Cell Division 1 Mitosis notes
Cell division occurs through mitosis and cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Mitosis involves the division of the cell nucleus through processes like prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm to form two distinct cells. Cell division is important for growth, repair of damaged cells, and reproduction.
Cell cycle & cell division
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Cell cycle
Cell division and growth occur through the cell cycle, which consists of interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its DNA in preparation for division. Interphase includes G1, S, and G2 phases where the cell accumulates building blocks and energy for DNA replication in S phase. In mitosis, the duplicated DNA and cell contents are separated into two daughter cells through karyokinesis and cytokinesis. Cell division allows organisms to grow, develop, replace old cells, and produce new cells or organisms.
Cell differentiation notes
The document discusses the cell cycle and differentiation. It describes the three main stages of the cell cycle as interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Interphase is broken down into Gap 1, synthesis, and Gap 2 phases. Mitosis consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Cytokinesis is the final stage where the cell physically divides. Differentiation is when unspecialized cells become specialized cell types by turning on and off parts of their DNA. Stem cells can become any cell type while progenitor cells are somewhat specialized.
The cell cycle & Mitosis
Cell cycle & Mitosis presentation to help understand the basic concepts related to the topic. This topic is included in the Maharashtra Board curriculum for XIth Std Biology paper. All videos inserted in this powerpoint have their respective copyrights. Unauthorized distribution and copying of the same is prohibited
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The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four main phases - G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and M phase. In G1, cells grow and prepare for DNA replication. In S phase, DNA replication occurs as the DNA duplicates. In G2, cells continue to grow and prepare for mitosis. M phase consists of mitosis, where duplicated chromosomes separate, and cytokinesis, where the cell cytoplasm divides to form two daughter cells each with an identical set of chromosomes. Checkpoint controls ensure conditions are right before progressing between phases.
Cytoskeleton
The document discusses the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. It provides information on the history, structure, and functions of the three main cytoskeletal components: microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. Microtubules are hollow rods that help with intracellular transport and cell division. Microfilaments are made of actin and involved in cell motility and muscle contraction. Intermediate filaments provide mechanical strength and resist stresses on the cell.
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The Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that packages and modifies proteins and lipids. It consists of stacked, flattened sacs called cisternae. Proteins enter the Golgi at the cis face and undergo processing and modification as they move through the cisternae towards the trans face. At the trans face, proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles and transported to their final destinations within or outside the cell. The Golgi apparatus plays important roles in protein modification, secretion, and sorting of macromolecules.
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Mitosis
Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell. It involves several phases: prophase where chromosomes condense; metaphase where chromosomes align; anaphase where chromatids separate and move to opposite poles; and telophase where nuclear envelopes form and the cell divides through cytokinesis. Cytokinesis involves either formation of a cleavage furrow in animal cells or a cell plate in plant cells to divide the cell cytoplasm. Mitosis is important for growth, replacement of damaged cells, and maintenance of chromosome number.
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2-190118112234.pdf
This document discusses the cell cycle and cell division. It begins by defining cell division and the three main types: binary fission in prokaryotes, mitosis in eukaryotes for growth and repair, and meiosis in eukaryotes for formation of gametes. The stages of the cell cycle are then described, including interphase (G1, S, G2 phases) and the mitotic phase. The mitotic phase involves the four stages of mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) followed by cytokinesis. Key checkpoints in the cell cycle that regulate division are also mentioned.
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The document discusses cellular reproduction and the cell cycle. It explains that cells require genetic instructions from DNA to survive and divide. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells undergo mitotic cell division, which involves interphase where DNA is replicated, followed by mitosis where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells through nuclear division and cytoplasmic division. Mitosis ensures each daughter cell receives a complete copy of genetic material and maintains chromosome number.
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This document provides an overview of cell division through mitosis and meiosis. It explains that all living things are made of cells, and cells must divide for organisms to grow and replace old cells. The cell cycle is described, including the main stages of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Interphase consists of G1, S, and G2 phases where the cell grows and duplicates its DNA. During mitosis, duplicated chromosomes separate and the cell divides into two daughter cells. Meiosis produces gametes through two cell divisions, resulting in four haploid cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. Crossing over in meiosis contributes to genetic variation between cells.
focused notes of the cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis
The cell cycle is composed of two main phases - mitosis and interphase. Interphase contains the S phase where DNA replication occurs, and two gap phases G1 and G2. Mitosis is then divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where chromosomes align and separate. Cytokinesis then divides the cell into two identical daughter cells. Meiosis involves two cell divisions and results in four haploid cells through homologous chromosome pairing and genetic recombination during prophase I.
Cell and Cell division.pptx
This document provides information about cell division through mitosis and meiosis. It discusses the three main types of cell division - binary fission in prokaryotes, mitosis in eukaryotes for growth and repair, and meiosis in eukaryotes for sexual reproduction. The stages of mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) and meiosis I and II are described in detail. The cell cycle is also summarized, including the interphase and mitotic phases.
Cell cycle
The document summarizes the processes of mitosis and meiosis in eukaryotic cells. It describes the stages of the cell cycle including interphase and mitosis. Mitosis is divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where chromosomes are aligned and separated. Meiosis produces gametes through two cell divisions and a single DNA replication. This reduces the chromosome number by half to maintain genetic diversity between generations. Crossing over and random chromosome segregation in meiosis lead to genetic variation important for evolution.
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focused notes of the cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis
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- 1. Cell Division: Mitosis GIDEON ROBERT UNIVERSITY ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY NSWANA CHING’AMBU
- 2. Cell Division • Know • Cell life cycle • What is cell division • Importance of mitosis • Overview of DNA replication • Events of cell division • What is mitosis • Discuss stages of mitosis
- 3. Cell Life Cycle • Cells have two major periods 1. Interphase • Cell grows • Cell carries on metabolic processes 2. Cell division • Cell replicates itself • Function is to produce more cells for growth and repair processes
- 4. Cell Division • Cell division is the process by which parent cell divide to form daughter cells • There are two types of cell division; mitosis and meiosis • Importance of cell division •Formation of sex cells •Growth of an organism •Repair of damaged tissue of an organism
- 5. Overview of DNA Replication • DNA replication is duplication of DNA into two copies. • Genetic material duplicated and readies a cell for division into two cells • Occurs toward the end of interphase • DNA uncoils and each side serves as a template
- 6. Events of Cell Division 1. Mitosis • Division of the nucleus • Results in the formation of two daughter nuclei 2. Cytokinesis • Division of the cytoplasm • Begins when mitosis is near completion • Results in the formation of two daughter cells
- 7. Mitosis • Mitosis is the type of cell division in which the genetic material is duplicated producing two daughter cells that are genetically identical to parent cells • Daughter cells maintain the diploid number of chromosomes. Therefore, after mitosis each daughter cell has 46 chromosomes • Mitosis occur in somatic cells • Mitosis is important for growth and repair of an organism
- 8. Stages of Mitosis 1. Interphase • Longest phase of cell life cycle • No cell division occurs • The cell carries out normal metabolic activity and growth • At the end, DNA replication occurs producing two copies
- 9. Stages of Mitosis 2. Prophase • First and longest phase of mitosis • Chromatin condense into chromosomes • Nuclear envelopes breaks down and nucleus disappear • Nucleolus disassembles • Centrioles migrate to the poles
- 10. Stages of Mitosis 3. Metaphase • Mitotic spindles of centrioles attach to each pair of sister chromatids at the centromere • The pulling effect of spindles align sister chromatids at the midline of the cell known as metaphase plate
- 11. Stages of Mitosis 4. Anaphase • Mitotic spindles split sister chromatids at the centromere into daughter chromosomes • Daughter chromosomes are pulled to the opposite poles of the cell • The cell become elongated in readiness to split
- 12. Stages of Mitosis 5. Telophase • Daughter nuclei begin forming around daughter chromosomes on both ends of the cell • A cleavage furrows form, where splitting of the cell takes place
- 13. Stages of Mitosis 6. Cytokinesis • Cytokinesis is the splitting of cytoplasm into two daughter cells • Each new cell is identical to the parent cell and contain some genetic material • Daughter cells have a diploid number, 46 chromosomes