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- 1. Tissues: Connective Tissue GIDEONROBERT UNIVERSITY ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY NSWANA CHING’AMBU
- 2. Connective Tissue • Know •Characteristics of connective tissue • Cells of the connective tissue • Classification & types of connective tissue • Types of connective tissue proper • Types of cartilages • Bone • Blood
- 3. Connective Tissue • Foundeverywhere in the body • Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues • Functions • Binds body tissues together • Supports the body • Provides protection
- 4. Connective Tissue • Foundeverywhere in the body • Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues • Functions • Binds body tissues together • Supports the body • Provides protection
- 5. Connective Tissue Characteristics •Consists of two basic elements - extracellular matrix and cells. • Extracellular matrix is non living thing surrounding cells • Variations in blood supply • Some tissue types are well vascularized • Some have poor blood supply or are avascular
- 6. Extracellular Matrix • Twomain elements I. Ground substance – mostly water along with adhesion proteins and polysaccharide molecules II. Protein Fibers • Produced by the cells • Three types i. Collagen fibers ii. Elastic fibers iii. Reticular fibers
- 7. Protein Fibres &Connective Tissue Cells
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- 10. Loose Connective TissueProper 1. Areolar connective tissue • Most widely distributed connective tissue • Soft, pliable tissue • Contains all fiber types • Can soak up excess fluid • Lamina propria in digestive and respiratory tract
- 11. Loose Connective TissueProper 2. Adipose tissue • Tissue predominated adipocytes • Many cells contain large lipid deposits • Functions • Insulates the body • Protects some organs • Serves as a site of fuel storage
- 12. Loose Connective TissueProper 3. Reticular connective tissue • Delicate network of interwoven fibers • Forms stroma (internal supporting network) of lymphoid organs • Lymph nodes • Spleen • Bone marrow
- 13. Dense Connective TissueProper 1. Regular dense connective tissue • Thick collagen fibres arranged in parallel • Cells are fibroblasts • Examples • Tendon – attach muscle to bone • Ligaments – attach bone to bone
- 14. Dense Connective TissueProper 2. Irregular dense connective tissue • Thick collagen fibres arranged irregularly • Examples • Dermis of the skin • Organ capsules
- 15. Dense Connective TissueProper 3. Elastic dense connective tissue • Composed of large amount of elastic fibres, with fewer collagen fibres • Examples • Walls of large arteries • Wall of bronchial tube
- 16. Cartilage 1. Hyaline cartilage •Most common cartilage • Composed of: • Abundant collagen fibers • Rubbery matrix • Costal cartilage, nasal cartilage, articular cartilage • Entire fetal skeleton is hyaline cartilage
- 17. Cartilage 2. Fibrocartilage • Containcollagen fibres • Highly compressible • Example: forms cushion-like discs between vertebrae
- 18. Connective Tissue Types 3.Elastic cartilage • Contain elastin and collagen fibres • Provides elasticity • Example: supports the external ear
- 19. Bone • Composed of: •Bone cells in lacunae (cavities) • Hard matrix of calcium salts • Large numbers of collagen fibers • Used to protect and support the body
- 20. Blood • Blood cellssurrounded by fluid matrix • Fibers are visible during clotting • Functions as the transport vehicle for materials