Ashley was diagnosed with celiac disease after experiencing severe weight loss and bowel pain. Testing revealed damage to her small intestine from an immune response to gluten. Celiac disease affects the digestive system by triggering this immune response from gluten. While there is no cure, following a strict gluten-free diet can effectively manage symptoms and prevent complications like malnutrition and osteoporosis. Clinical trials are researching potential treatments like vaccines to desensitize patients to gluten.

1. Celiac Disease
And the Digestive System

2. Story
 This is Ashley; she was
diagnosed with Celiac
Disease 2 years ago when
her doctor noticed her severe
weight loss and pain when
having bowel movements.
Because of her symptoms,
her doctor ordered a small-
bowel biopsy and blood
tests. They came back
positive for Celiac Disease.

3. Celiac Disease Symptoms
 There are no typical signs and symptoms of celiac
disease. Most people with the disease have these
general symptoms:
 Diarrhea, either constant or off and on
 Abdominal pain
 Bloating
 Other celiac disease symptoms maybe also include:
 Irritability or depression
 Stomach upset
 Joint pain
 Muscle cramps
 Skin rash
 Mouth sores
 Dental and bone disorders (such as osteoporosis)
 Tingling in the legs and feet (neuropathy)

4. How it impacts the digestive system
 Celiac disease is a digestive condition
triggered by consumption of the protein
gluten, which is primarily found in foods
containing wheat, barley or rye. People
with celiac disease who eat foods
containing gluten experience an immune
reaction in their small intestines, causing
damage to the inner surface of the small
intestine and an inability to absorb certain
nutrients.

5. How common is it and who tends to have it.
 According to National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases, celiac disease affects people in all
parts of the world. More than 2 million people in the
United States have the disease, or about 1 in 133
people.
 According to Mayo Clinic, celiac disease can affect
anyone, but it tends to be more common in people who
have:
 Type 1 diabetes
 Autoimmune thyroid disease
 Down syndrome
 Microscopic colitis
 Females
 Relatives who have it
 European ancestry
 9 to 18 months.

6. Risk factors if left untreated
 Left untreated, celiac disease can lead to
several complications:
 Malnutrition
 Loss of calcium and bone density
 Lactose intolerance
 Cancer
 Neurological complications
 Lower immune system

7. Treatment
 Celiac disease has no cure, but you can effectively
manage the disease through changing your diet. To
manage the disease and prevent complications, it's
crucial that you avoid all foods that contain gluten,
including:
 Barley
 Bulgur
 Durum
 Farina
 Graham flour
 Rye
 Semolina
 Spelt (a form of wheat)
 Triticale
 Wheat
 Your doctor may refer you to a dietitian, who can help
you plan a healthy gluten-free diet.

8. Treatment

9. Treatment & their side effects
 If you accidentally eat a product that contains gluten, you
may experience abdominal pain and diarrhea. Some
people experience no signs or symptoms after eating
gluten, but this doesn't mean it's not harmful. Even trace
amounts of gluten in your diet can be damaging, whether
or not they cause signs or symptoms.
 In cases of severe inflammation in the small intestine,
your doctor may recommend medications steroids to
control inflammation. Steroids may be used to give you
relief from severe signs and symptoms until the effects of
a gluten-free diet begin to become apparent.

10. Treatment & their side effects
 If nutritional deficiencies are severe, a person may need
to take vitamin and mineral supplements recommended
by a doctor or dietitian to help correct these deficiencies.
The doctor may recommend supplements to increase
your levels of:
 Calcium
 Folate
 Iron
 Vitamin B-12
 Vitamin D
 Vitamin K
 Vitamin supplements can be taken in pill form. But in
some situations, the digestive tract may have trouble
absorbing vitamins. In these cases, the doctor may give
the vitamins by injection.

11. Only treatment & how well it works
 This is the only way to treat Celia disease.
It works well to stop the problems Celia
disease causes, but it is hard to maintain
this diet.

12. Clinical Trials
 There are three clinical trails going on right now.
 One of the clinical trials, is trying to figure out a way to
prevent it. They are doing this by identifying children at
high genetic risk (around 10%) and in a follow-up study
to define:
 Are the age, dose of gluten and presence of
simultaneous breast feeding at the introduction of gluten
associated with the risk of celiac disease?
 Is it possible to decrease the frequency of celiac disease
by nutritional counseling?
 Is it possible to predict development of celiac disease by
immunological tests before the development of mucosal
lesion

13. Clinical Trials
 The second clinical trail is trying to figure if intestinal
parasites from humans in developed countries may be
responsible for the upsurge in many diseases including
Celiac Disease.
 The last clinical trial is a biotechnology company
developing an immunotherapeutic vaccine. The
therapeutic vaccine combines three proprietary peptides
that draw out an immune response in patients with celiac
disease. The Nexvax2 immunotherapy is designed to
desensitize celiac disease patients to the toxic effects of
gluten.

14. How the digestive system work in Dogs
 The digestive system of a dog consists of the teeth, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The liver and
pancreas also aid in digestion although food does not actually enter
either organ. Food enters the digestive tract through the mouth
where food is chewed before passing into the esophagus. The
esophagus leads to the stomach and has thick, elastic walls that
allow the dog to swallow large items. Glands in the stomach
produce acid and enzymes which aid digestion. The stomach also
holds food until it is ready to pass through the pyloric sphincter into
the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. Peristalsis moves
food through the small intestine where it is mixed with enzymes from
the liver and pancreas. Nutrients are absorbed from the small
intestine into the bloodstream. Fluid is absorbed in the large
intestine. The large intestine also contains bacteria which help to
break down wastes which are then excreted

15. How the digestive system work in Dogs

16. Study guide

17. Works Cited
 "Celiac disease." Pubmed health. PubMed HealthD,
2010. Web. 30 Jan 2012.
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH000128
0/>.
 Mayo Clinic Staff, Celiac disease. N.p., 2011. Web. 30
Jan 2012. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/celiac-
disease/DS00319>.
 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases , . "Celiac Disease." National digestive
diseases information clearinghouse (nddic). National
Digestive Diseases Information Clearingho, 2008. Web.
30 Jan 2012.
<http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/celiac/>.

18. Works Cited Continued.
 "Phase 1 Clinical Trial of Celiac Disease Vaccine Shows Promising
Results." National Foundation for Celiac Disease. NFCA, 5/10/2011.
Web. 30 Jan 2012. <http://www.celiaccentral.org/News/News-
Feeds/View-Research-News/Celiac-Disease-
Research/134/vobid--5443/>.
 "General Physiology of Dogs." Thermoregulation in Dogs. Davidson
College, n.d. Web. 30 Jan 2012.
<http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/anphys/2000/Hatfield/Hatfiel
d2.htm>.
 Matthew. "Photos." FrontPoint Systems. medwonders
networking for health, 2012. Web. 31 Jan 2012.
<http://www.medwonders.com/member/Matthew/view-
photo/82>.
 "Health Matters." Tigertail Foods. Tigertail Foods, 2008. Web. 31
Jan 2012. <https://tigertailfoods.com/health-matters-may-11.php>.