Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. It affects around 10% of the general population. Symptoms include numbness, tingling, and pain in the hand and fingers innervated by the median nerve. Diagnosis is based on physical exam findings like Tinel's sign and Phalen's maneuver, as well as electrodiagnostic testing. Conservative treatment involves splinting and anti-inflammatory medications while surgical treatment involves cutting the transverse carpal ligament to relieve pressure on the median nerve. Recurrence can occur due to incomplete release of pressure or scarring.

1. Carpal tunnel syndrome Dr Zameer Ali