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CARBON SEQUESTRATION
WITH SAIMON PANKAJ
CONTENT
• 4Chemical processes
• 4.1Mineral carbonation
• 4.2Electrochemical method
• 4.3Industrial use
• 4.4Chemical scrubbers
• 4.5Ocean-related
• 5Obstruction
• 5.1Danger of leaks
• 5.2Financial costs
• 5.3Energy requirements
• Description
• Process
• Why it imp
• 2Biological processes
• 2.1Peatland
• 2.2Forestry
• 2.3Wetlan1Description
• d restoration
• 2.4Agriculture
• 2.5Carbon farming
• 2.6Deep soil
• 2.7Ocean-related
• 3Physical processes
• 3.1Biomass-related
• 3.2Ocean storage
• 3.3Geological sequestration
1. SENARIO
RAPID ECONOMIC GROWTH HAS CONTRIBUTED TO TODAY‫׳‬S EVER INCREASING
DEMAND FOR ENERGY. AN OBVIOUS CONSEQUENCE OF THIS IS AN INCREASE IN
THE USE OF FUELS, PARTICULARLY CONVENTIONAL FOSSIL FUELS (I.E. COAL, OIL
AND NATURAL GAS) THAT HAVE BECOME KEY ENERGY SOURCES SINCE THE
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. HOWEVER, THE ABUNDANT USE OF FOSSIL FUELS HAS
BECOME A CAUSE OF CONCERN DUE TO THEIR ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE
ENVIRONMENT, PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE EMISSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE
(CO2), A MAJOR ANTHROPOGENIC GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG). ACCORDING TO THE
EMISSION DATABASE FOR GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH [1], GLOBAL
EMISSION OF CO2 WAS 33.4 BILLION TONES IN 2011, WHICH IS 48% MORE THAN
THAT OF TWO DECADES AGO. OVER THE PAST CENTURY, ATMOSPHERIC
CO2 LEVEL HAS INCREASED MORE THAN 39%, FROM 280 PPM DURING PRE-
INDUSTRIAL TIME [2] TO THE RECORD HIGH LEVEL OF 400 PPM IN MAY 2013 WITH
A CORRESPONDING INCREASE IN GLOBAL SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT
0.8 °C [3]. WITHOUT CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION POLICIES IT IS ESTIMATED
THAT GLOBAL GHG EMISSION IN 2030 WILL INCREASE BY 25–90% OVER THE YEAR
2000 LEVEL, WITH CO2-EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE
GROWING TO AS MUCH AS 600–1550 PPM
CARON CONTENT REVIEW IN ATMOSPHERE
GHG ITS GRAPH
CARBON SEQUESTRATION OR CARBON DIOXIDE
REMOVAL (CDR) IS THE LONG-TERM REMOVAL, CAPTURE
OR SEQUESTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE FROM THE
ATMOSPHERE TO SLOW OR REVERSE ATMOSPHERIC CO2
POLLUTION AND TO MITIGATE OR REVERSE GLOBAL
WARMING
PROCESS OF SEQUESTRATION
METHODS
Traditional practices Recommended
Plough till Conservation till or no-till
Residue removal or burning Residue return as mulch
Summer fallow Growing cover crops
Low off-farm input Judicious use of fertilizers and
integrated t management
Regular fertilizer use Soil-site specific management
No water control Water management/conservation,
irrigation, water table management
Fence-to-fence cultivation Conversion of marginal lands to nature
conservation
Monoculture Improved farming systems with several
crop rotations
Land use along poverty lines and
political boundaries
Integrated watershed management
Draining wetland Restoring wetlands
Agricultural practices for enhancing productivity and increasing the amount of carbon in soils
THANK YOU
KEEP LEARNING KEEP
SHARING

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Carbon sequestration

  • 3. CONTENT • 4Chemical processes • 4.1Mineral carbonation • 4.2Electrochemical method • 4.3Industrial use • 4.4Chemical scrubbers • 4.5Ocean-related • 5Obstruction • 5.1Danger of leaks • 5.2Financial costs • 5.3Energy requirements • Description • Process • Why it imp • 2Biological processes • 2.1Peatland • 2.2Forestry • 2.3Wetlan1Description • d restoration • 2.4Agriculture • 2.5Carbon farming • 2.6Deep soil • 2.7Ocean-related • 3Physical processes • 3.1Biomass-related • 3.2Ocean storage • 3.3Geological sequestration
  • 4. 1. SENARIO RAPID ECONOMIC GROWTH HAS CONTRIBUTED TO TODAY‫׳‬S EVER INCREASING DEMAND FOR ENERGY. AN OBVIOUS CONSEQUENCE OF THIS IS AN INCREASE IN THE USE OF FUELS, PARTICULARLY CONVENTIONAL FOSSIL FUELS (I.E. COAL, OIL AND NATURAL GAS) THAT HAVE BECOME KEY ENERGY SOURCES SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. HOWEVER, THE ABUNDANT USE OF FOSSIL FUELS HAS BECOME A CAUSE OF CONCERN DUE TO THEIR ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT, PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE EMISSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2), A MAJOR ANTHROPOGENIC GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG). ACCORDING TO THE EMISSION DATABASE FOR GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH [1], GLOBAL EMISSION OF CO2 WAS 33.4 BILLION TONES IN 2011, WHICH IS 48% MORE THAN THAT OF TWO DECADES AGO. OVER THE PAST CENTURY, ATMOSPHERIC CO2 LEVEL HAS INCREASED MORE THAN 39%, FROM 280 PPM DURING PRE- INDUSTRIAL TIME [2] TO THE RECORD HIGH LEVEL OF 400 PPM IN MAY 2013 WITH A CORRESPONDING INCREASE IN GLOBAL SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 0.8 °C [3]. WITHOUT CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION POLICIES IT IS ESTIMATED THAT GLOBAL GHG EMISSION IN 2030 WILL INCREASE BY 25–90% OVER THE YEAR 2000 LEVEL, WITH CO2-EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE GROWING TO AS MUCH AS 600–1550 PPM
  • 5. CARON CONTENT REVIEW IN ATMOSPHERE
  • 7. CARBON SEQUESTRATION OR CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVAL (CDR) IS THE LONG-TERM REMOVAL, CAPTURE OR SEQUESTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE FROM THE ATMOSPHERE TO SLOW OR REVERSE ATMOSPHERIC CO2 POLLUTION AND TO MITIGATE OR REVERSE GLOBAL WARMING
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  • 16. Traditional practices Recommended Plough till Conservation till or no-till Residue removal or burning Residue return as mulch Summer fallow Growing cover crops Low off-farm input Judicious use of fertilizers and integrated t management Regular fertilizer use Soil-site specific management No water control Water management/conservation, irrigation, water table management Fence-to-fence cultivation Conversion of marginal lands to nature conservation Monoculture Improved farming systems with several crop rotations Land use along poverty lines and political boundaries Integrated watershed management Draining wetland Restoring wetlands Agricultural practices for enhancing productivity and increasing the amount of carbon in soils
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  • 19. THANK YOU KEEP LEARNING KEEP SHARING