Mark Howden and Steven Crimp
Context: Tercer Seminario Regional Agricultura y Cambio Climático: "Nuevas tecnologías en la mitigación y adaptación de la agricultura al cambio climático". Santiago de Chile, 27/09/2012
Más información: http://fao.org/alc/u/2u
Heavy Oil Recovery: Environmental Implications and Mitigation Measures Premier Publishers
Balancing oil and gas activities with environmental protection measures is necessary while producing heavy oil. This is because; heavy oil is produced by either chemical or thermal recovery methods which pose harmful effects on the environment. In order to ensure that the oil and gas industry sustainable, there must be elimination of all factors that degrade the environment. Since heavy oil must be produced to meet increasing energy demands, environmentally friendly measures should be used to ensure that there is low carbon emission, little or no chemical retention in the formation. This paper presents mitigation measures for eco-friendly heavy oil recovery; they include the use of renewable energy for heat/steam generation during thermal recovery in order to reduce emission of fuels and use of plant based non-toxic and degradable chemicals to avoid pollution of ground water and formation. These chemicals include polymers, alkali and surfactant during chemical flooding. This ensures the oil and gas industry keeps up with the sustainable development goals.
Prime Carbon: Soil Enhancement & Carbon Sequestration ProgramCarbon Coalition
Deborah Burden is CEO Prime CArbon. She explains how Australia's first regional carbon trading scheme works. This presentation was given at the Carbon Farming Expo & Conference Orange 18-19 November, 2008. Orange is in new South Wales, Australia.
Carbon Capture & Storage - Options For IndiaAniruddha Sharma
The presentation will try to answer a few key questions related to the cost, technology, scalability and risks involved in widespread deployment of the carbon capture and sequestration technology.
Heavy Oil Recovery: Environmental Implications and Mitigation Measures Premier Publishers
Balancing oil and gas activities with environmental protection measures is necessary while producing heavy oil. This is because; heavy oil is produced by either chemical or thermal recovery methods which pose harmful effects on the environment. In order to ensure that the oil and gas industry sustainable, there must be elimination of all factors that degrade the environment. Since heavy oil must be produced to meet increasing energy demands, environmentally friendly measures should be used to ensure that there is low carbon emission, little or no chemical retention in the formation. This paper presents mitigation measures for eco-friendly heavy oil recovery; they include the use of renewable energy for heat/steam generation during thermal recovery in order to reduce emission of fuels and use of plant based non-toxic and degradable chemicals to avoid pollution of ground water and formation. These chemicals include polymers, alkali and surfactant during chemical flooding. This ensures the oil and gas industry keeps up with the sustainable development goals.
Prime Carbon: Soil Enhancement & Carbon Sequestration ProgramCarbon Coalition
Deborah Burden is CEO Prime CArbon. She explains how Australia's first regional carbon trading scheme works. This presentation was given at the Carbon Farming Expo & Conference Orange 18-19 November, 2008. Orange is in new South Wales, Australia.
Carbon Capture & Storage - Options For IndiaAniruddha Sharma
The presentation will try to answer a few key questions related to the cost, technology, scalability and risks involved in widespread deployment of the carbon capture and sequestration technology.
Presentación realizada en el "Diálogo regional en hambre, inseguridad alimentaria y malnutrición en el Caribe: Desafíos en derecho a la alimentación y gobernanza", evento que se llevó a cabo en Antigua y Barbuda el 1 y 2 de agosto de 2013.
This is a presentation made on Climate Smart Agriculture for training of trainers under the project on Building Resilience and Strengthening Community Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lanka
Presenters: Juna Shrestha and Benjamin Huber
Title: Carbon offsetting to sustainably finance the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Nepal
Date: October 4, 2016
Venue: Mann Library 160, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Sponsors: SRI-Rice, International Programs, CALS, Cornell University
Presentation by HE Luis Felipe Arauz Cavalini from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock of Costa Rica at the closing session of the Agriculture Advantage event series on the sidelines of COP23.
More information about the event series: https://bit.ly/AgAdvantage
Presentación realizada en el "Diálogo regional en hambre, inseguridad alimentaria y malnutrición en el Caribe: Desafíos en derecho a la alimentación y gobernanza", evento que se llevó a cabo en Antigua y Barbuda el 1 y 2 de agosto de 2013.
This is a presentation made on Climate Smart Agriculture for training of trainers under the project on Building Resilience and Strengthening Community Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lanka
Presenters: Juna Shrestha and Benjamin Huber
Title: Carbon offsetting to sustainably finance the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Nepal
Date: October 4, 2016
Venue: Mann Library 160, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Sponsors: SRI-Rice, International Programs, CALS, Cornell University
Presentation by HE Luis Felipe Arauz Cavalini from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock of Costa Rica at the closing session of the Agriculture Advantage event series on the sidelines of COP23.
More information about the event series: https://bit.ly/AgAdvantage
Slides on basics of Global warming and how we can combat it.
Individually and as a Society
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Climate Adaptation: A brief Australian perspective on new technologies for mitigation and adaptation
1. A brief Australian perspective on new
technologies for mitigation and adaptation
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
Mark Howden and Steven Crimp
Presentation, ECLAC Symposium, September 2012
2. Climate change and Australia
• Australia is one of the largest per capita emitters of
greenhouse gas emissions
• And one of the most vulnerable nations to climate change
• Recognition of this has generated research on both
emission-reduction and on climate change adaptation
• The Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has
just finished a 3-year research program, some of the
results are presented here.
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
3. Measuring soil carbon
• A new method has been established for measuring soil
carbon in soil samples (mid infra-red spectroscopy), which
reduces the cost of analyses from approximately $1000 by
previous methods to around $40
• Conversion of soil carbon values to carbon stocks (tonnes
per hectare) has been made easier by novel bulk density
scanning techniques demonstrated in the program
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
4. Reducing methane emissions
• The screening program identified that several shrubs have
anti-methanogenic properties and good dietary
characteristics
• In vitro tests indicate methane emission reducions of 25 to 50%
• Increased oil or fat component of the diet (up to 6-8%)
can reduce methane significantly (up to 15%)
• Preliminary evidence and estimates for heritability of a
low methane trait in sheep and beef cattle
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
5. Nitrous oxide reductions in crops
• Nitrification inhibitors (e.g. DCD) reduced daily nitrous
oxide (N2O) losses by up to 90 per cent
• The effects were most dramatic in summer crops and later
in the winter season
• The impact of DCD was short lived (4-5 weeks) as the
chemical compound degraded under increasing soil
temperatures during spring
• The application of DCD did not translate into higher grain
yields and so remains uneconomical reducing N2O
emissions
• Legume-sourced N look like it has lower N2O emissions
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
6. Nitrous oxide reductions from livestock
• A single application of DCD in late winter or late autumn
reduced nitrous oxide emissions by 35-45 per cent when
DCD was applied up to 3 months prior to urine
application, or immediately after urine application
• Nitrous oxide emissions were further reduced when DCD
was applied after each of multiple urine applications.
• However, application of DCD (with or without urea
fertiliser) had minimal effects on pasture production.
• The lack of a production response means that the use of
N2O inhibitors is unlikely
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
7. Livestock heat adaptation
• Heat stress reduces intake, reduces production and
increases animal welfare risk
• a low dose of betaine (2 g/day) lowered respiration and
heart rate, and skin and rectal temperature
• while a higher dose (4 g/day) increased these
measurements
• sheep fed low doses of supplemental chromium (200ppb)
had lower rectal temperatures and respiration rate
• the potential use of Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) as markers
of heat stress (HSPs may be useful when selecting animals
better suited to excessively hot temperatures
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
Di Giacomo et al. (2012)
8. Winegrape adaptations
• New grape varieties were tested and some show great
potential to deliver high quality wines under warm to hot
Australian conditions
• Significant differences in growth and water use efficiency
were detected between different rootstocks, indicating
that choice of rootstocks will be important in managing
future climate change
• The impact of warmer temperatures on wine grapes is
highly dependent on variety with some varieties showing
improved wine quality and others reduced wine quality
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
Thomson and Downey (2012)
9. Winegrape adaptations
After evaluating a range of varieties, clones and selected
breeding lines under hot conditions, varieties can be
identified that have:
• short seasonality to improve water use efficiency
• smaller canopies to minimise transpiration and improve
water use efficiency
• long seasonality to ripen in cooler conditions
• optimal berry composition for harvest at lower maturities
for the production of lower alcohol wines.
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
Thomson and Downey (2012)
14. Summary
• Improved ways of assessing greenhouse gas emissions
from agriculture that can help us design and choose
climate-change-friendly ways of feeding the world
• Options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions although
these are not always economically competitive and
sometimes result in only modest reductions
• Adaptation options that can help Australian agriculture
manage climate change and climate extremes more
effectively now and in the future
• Ways of assessing where to pay more attention to
building adaptive capacity
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
15. Climate Adaptation Flagship
Dr Mark Howden
Theme Leader
Phone: +61 2 6242 1679
Email: mark.howden@csiro.au
Website: www.csiro.au/org/ClimateAdaptationFlagship
Thank you
CLIMATE ADAPTATION
Contact Us
Phone: 1300 363 400
Email: Enquiries@csiro.au
Web: www.csiro.au