Carbon capture and storage (CCS) involves capturing CO2 emissions from large stationary sources like power plants, transporting it, and storing it away from the atmosphere. There are three main technologies for capturing CO2: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion. Transportation is usually via pipelines or ships. Storage options include injecting CO2 deep underground in geological formations like depleted oil and gas fields, or under the seafloor. CCS aims to reduce pollution and climate change impacts while enhancing oil recovery, though it is an expensive process with risks of leakage.

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2. CONTENTS
*Introduction to CCS
*CO2 capturing technologies
*CO2 transportation
*CO2 storage
*Advantages
*Disadvantages
*Conclusion

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It is the method of removing CO2
emmisions from large stationary
sources, such as electricity generation
and some industrial processes, and
storing it away from the atmosphere.

5. Capturing
Transporting
Storing

6. Capturing Carbon Dioxide
Post combustion technology
Pre combustion technology
Oxy fuel process

7. Post combustion technology
* Removing CO2 after combustion.
* Applicable to fossile fuel burning powerplants that
release flue gas.
* Reacting the flue gas with chemicals that absorb co2
and and then heat the chemicals to release co2.
Flue gas: Mixture of Nitrogen, Water vapour, 15% CO2.

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9. Pre Combustion Technology
*Remove carbon before combustion.
*By gasifying the coal through the reaction
with more oxygen it is possible to obtain a
mix of mostly CO2 and Hydrogen.

11. Oxy fuel process
*The fuel is burnt in oxygen instead of air.
*The resultant flue gas is condensed
through cooling and the result is an pure
CO2 stream.

13. Pipeline
Shipping

14. Storage Options
1.Geological storage
2.Oceanic storage
3.Mineral storage

15. Geological Storage
Injecting CO2 into:
*Underground geological formations
*Oil fields
*Gas fields
*Saline formations

17. Oceanic Storage
Two ways:
* Dissolving CO2 at mid depths.
*Injecting CO2 at depths exceeding 3km where It
would form lakes of liquid CO2.Below 3km depth,
liquid CO2 will be denser than sea water and would
sink to the ocean floor.

18. Mineral storage
CO2 is reacted with minerals to form
carbonates.

19. Example CCS projects
*Salah CO2 injectin – Algeria
*Sleipner CO2 injection – Norway
*Snehvit CO2 injection – Norway
*Great plain synfuel plant and Weyburn-Midale
project - Canada

20. *Reduces pollution
*Reduces changes in atmospheric temperature
*Enhanced oil recovery
ADVANTAGES

21. DISADVANTAGES
*Leakage problems may occour
*Costly process
*Damage of pipelines
*Oceanic acidification

22. CONCLUSION
*CCS involves capturing millions of tonnes of
CO2 a year from gas or coal combustion.
*Valuable tool in the fight against climate
change.
*There are 8 industrial projects in operation
around the world now and another 8 in
construction.