The document discusses naming organic compounds using IUPAC nomenclature rules. It explains that organic compounds contain carbon chains that may have functional groups attached. The nomenclature involves a prefix to indicate any substituents, a word root for the number of carbons, and a suffix to indicate the functional group. Examples of prefixes, word roots for carbon numbers, and common functional group suffixes are provided to demonstrate how IUPAC naming systematically identifies organic molecular structures.

1. Quality Education For All

2. carbon and its compounds class 10 notes
Session 5
Functional Groups

5. In a hydrocarbon chain one or more
aced by these elements
l
atom can be rep
such that the valency of the carbon
remains satisfied.
The nature of the organic compound
depends on the functional groups
present.

8. HOMOLOGOUS SERIES

11. Nomenclature– Naming
IUPAC- International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry
Rules for IUPAC Nomenclature
• First name- Prefix
Middle name- Word root
Last name- Suffix

12. • The group or atoms that should be
mentioned as Prefix
Group Name as Prefix
-Cl Chloro
-F Fluro
-CH3 Methyl
-Br Bromo

13. • The number of carbon atoms should
be mentioned as word root
For example
1 C Meth
2 C Eth
3 C Prop
4 C But
5 C Pent
6 C Hex
7 C Hept
8 C Oct
9 C Non

14. • Writing Suffix
Functional Group should be
mentioned as Suffix
Group Name
-OH ol
-CHO al
-COOH oic
>C=O one

16. If single bond is present in between
Carbon atoms – ane is added in suffix
If double bond is present – ene is added
If triple bond is present –yne is added
So the name of the given compound is
1-Bromopropane
CH3-CH2-CH2-Br