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IUPAC NAMING AND
FORMULAE
1. Recognise the functional
group in the compound.
This will determine the
suffix of the name
Functional group suffix
alkane -ane
alkene -ene
alkyne -yne
alcohol -ol
aldehyde -al
ketone -one
carboxylic acid -oic acid
ester -oate
2. Find the longest continuous carbon
chain that contains the functional
group (it won't always be a straight
chain) and count the number of
carbon atoms in this chain. This
number will determine the prefix
Carbon atoms prefix
1 meth-
2 eth-
3 prop-
4 but-
5 pent-
6 hex-
7 hept-
8 oct-
9 non-
10 dec-
3. Number the
carbons in the
longest carbon
chain.
4. Look for any branched groups:
•The branched groups must be listed
before the name of the main chain in
alphabetical order (ignoring di/tri/tetra).
•If there are no branched groups this step
can be ignored.
5. Combine the elements of the name into a single word
in the following order:
• branched groups/halogen atoms in alphabetical order
(ignoring prefixes)
• prefix of main chain
•name ending according to the functional group and its
position on the longest carbon chain.

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IUPAC naming rules

  • 2. 1. Recognise the functional group in the compound. This will determine the suffix of the name
  • 3. Functional group suffix alkane -ane alkene -ene alkyne -yne alcohol -ol aldehyde -al ketone -one carboxylic acid -oic acid ester -oate
  • 4. 2. Find the longest continuous carbon chain that contains the functional group (it won't always be a straight chain) and count the number of carbon atoms in this chain. This number will determine the prefix
  • 5. Carbon atoms prefix 1 meth- 2 eth- 3 prop- 4 but- 5 pent- 6 hex- 7 hept- 8 oct- 9 non- 10 dec-
  • 6. 3. Number the carbons in the longest carbon chain.
  • 7. 4. Look for any branched groups: •The branched groups must be listed before the name of the main chain in alphabetical order (ignoring di/tri/tetra). •If there are no branched groups this step can be ignored.
  • 8. 5. Combine the elements of the name into a single word in the following order: • branched groups/halogen atoms in alphabetical order (ignoring prefixes) • prefix of main chain •name ending according to the functional group and its position on the longest carbon chain.