5. PROLOGUE HYGIENE SANITATION PERSONAL HYGEINE WATER CULINARY HYGEINE LIVING AREA MEDICAL HYGEINE KITCHEN &WASTE TOILETS
6. HYGIENE The term "hygiene" is derived from Hygeia, the Greek Goddess of health, cleanliness and sanitation Hygiene pertains to personal practices associated with preservation of health and healthy living
7. PERSONAL HYGIENE Wash your hands frequently Wash your feet daily and dry them Brush your teeth regularly Try regular bathing/sponge bathing Trim your nails Change your socks and underclothes Air/sun your clothes Avoid sharing of personal belongings
9. CULINARY HYGIENE Culinary hygiene includes safe ways to handle, store, prepare, serve and eat food so as to prevent food contamination, prevent food poisoning and minimize the transmission of disease.
10. CULINARY HYGIENE Wash your hands before touching any food Use clean utensils after washing with soap Food handlers should take special precaution Store food properly Don’t share utensils Don’t lick your fingers after having food Don’t use utensils licked by animals Dispose uneaten food properly
11. MEDICAL HYGIENE Hand washing with soap Wearing of gloves/masks Avoidance of overcrowding Avoidance of spitting unnecessarily Refraining from tobacco, alcohol and intoxicants Isolation of infectious people/objects Bandaging/dressing of injuries
13. SANITATION Sanitation pertains to all the factors in man’s physical environment which can exercise a harmful effect on his health and survival
14. WATER Check for possible contaminants Sedimentation and decantation Use of alum Use filters to remove cloudiness Always boil for 20 minutes Use water sterilization tablets (chlorine) Store water in clean containers
16. LIVING AREA Should be well ventilated Should be well drained Avoid overcrowding Away from kitchen and dining area Away from bathing and washing area Anti Snake Trench - 50 w x 60 d cm, spray K oil + E oil + 0.5% Carbolic acid
17. KITCHEN & WASTE DISPOSAL Should be on the leeward side of living area Preferably close to clean water source Proper dish washing facility Use little soap, 200 ft away from water bodies Wastewater to be disposed over soil Waste pit for disposal of uneaten food Prevent stray dogs entering the facility Pick and pack all litter Garbage disposal at least 90 feet away
19. TOILETS Mark a flat area at least 200 ft from water bodies and 300 ft from campsite Mark a fixed spot for urinal Dig a 4-6 inches deep pit (Cathole), use it and cover it – CAT hygiene (Leave no trace) Trench latrines (1 x 2 x 4 feet) suitable for temporary stays at a particular place Wash hands properly If camping in snow, deep pits required
21. SITING OF CAMP Close to a clean water source Sheltered adequately from rain, wind and sun Protected from poisonous plants and animals Space for tentage, cooking, washing, activities Away from garbage disposal sites Away from animal rearing areas Away from towns and villages Avoid camping under trees Close to a medical centre
