CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY AS ULTRA REVISION TEST 1 HYDROLOGYGeorge Dumitrache
Cambridge Geography AS Ultra Revision Test 1, with questions and answers for chapter 1 Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology. This is a test with 12 questions, 5 minutes each.
A comprehensive presentation about population, for the AS level, using all the important definitions necessary for the exam: distribution and density, population changes, population structure, models, trends in population growth, optimum, over and under population, theories relating to world population and food supply and the demographic transition model. Case studies: Kenya, USA, Denmark, China.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.3 RI...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the third subchapter (River Channel Processes) from the first chapter (Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exam.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY AS ULTRA REVISION TEST 1 HYDROLOGYGeorge Dumitrache
Cambridge Geography AS Ultra Revision Test 1, with questions and answers for chapter 1 Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology. This is a test with 12 questions, 5 minutes each.
A comprehensive presentation about population, for the AS level, using all the important definitions necessary for the exam: distribution and density, population changes, population structure, models, trends in population growth, optimum, over and under population, theories relating to world population and food supply and the demographic transition model. Case studies: Kenya, USA, Denmark, China.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.3 RI...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the third subchapter (River Channel Processes) from the first chapter (Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exam.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: ATMOSPHERE AND WEATHER - 2.3 WEATHER PROCESS...George Dumitrache
A comprehensive presentation of subchapter 2.3 Weather Processes and Phenomena, from the second chapter of Physical Geography, AS Cambridge, Atmosphere and Weather.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY AS ULTRA REVISION TEST 2 ATMOSPHERE AND WEATHERGeorge Dumitrache
Cambridge Geography AS Ultra Revision Test 2, with questions and answers for chapter 2 Atmosphere and Weather. This is a test with 30 questions, 2 minutes each.
Geography notes Hydrology, Atmosphere, Weathering, Population and Migration
Casestudies aren't included - sorry. Hope these are helpful. Good luck everyone with your exams.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.1 DR...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the first subchapter (Drainage Basin Systems) from the first chapter (Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exam.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: SETTLEMENTS - 6.4 THE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SE...George Dumitrache
A comprehensive presentation of subchapter 6.4 The Management of Urban Settlements, from the third chapter of Human Geography, AS Cambridge, Settlements.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.2 RA...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the second subchapter (Rainfall Discharge Relationships) from the first chapter (Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exams.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.4 HU...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the fourth subchapter (The Human Impact) from the first chapter (Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exam.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: ATMOSPHERE AND WEATHER - 2.3 WEATHER PROCESS...George Dumitrache
A comprehensive presentation of subchapter 2.3 Weather Processes and Phenomena, from the second chapter of Physical Geography, AS Cambridge, Atmosphere and Weather.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY AS ULTRA REVISION TEST 2 ATMOSPHERE AND WEATHERGeorge Dumitrache
Cambridge Geography AS Ultra Revision Test 2, with questions and answers for chapter 2 Atmosphere and Weather. This is a test with 30 questions, 2 minutes each.
Geography notes Hydrology, Atmosphere, Weathering, Population and Migration
Casestudies aren't included - sorry. Hope these are helpful. Good luck everyone with your exams.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.1 DR...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the first subchapter (Drainage Basin Systems) from the first chapter (Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exam.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: SETTLEMENTS - 6.4 THE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SE...George Dumitrache
A comprehensive presentation of subchapter 6.4 The Management of Urban Settlements, from the third chapter of Human Geography, AS Cambridge, Settlements.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.2 RA...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the second subchapter (Rainfall Discharge Relationships) from the first chapter (Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exams.
CAMBRIDGE AS GEOGRAPHY REVISION: HYDROLOGY AND FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY - 1.4 HU...George Dumitrache
A presentation of the fourth subchapter (The Human Impact) from the first chapter (Hydrology and Fluvial Geomorphology) of Revision for Geography AS Cambridge exam.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: EARTHQUAKES. It contains: earthquakes, energy and epicentre, measuring the power, effects of an earthquake, factors affecting the impact, earthquakes and volcanoes in LEDC and MEDC. Kobe 1995, Kashmir 2005.
GEOGRAPHY YEAR 10: RIVERS AND FLOODING. Contains: river floods, factors to increase flooding, human factors, storm hydrographs, Boscastle 2004, Bangladesh 2007, the red mud in Hungary 2010.
HISTORY YEAR 10: THE COURSE OF WORLD WAR 1. It contains: Sarajevo assassination, big battles, USA entering the war, the threat of Germany, Germany vs Britain, the Balkans, the system of alliances, 5 phases of WW1, the war of movement, the race to the sea, stalemate 1915, the war of attrition 1916-1918, the war of attrition blockades, the end of the war, the consequences of war, homework.
FAQs Human Population Growth & Phases Question 1 What ar.docxssuser454af01
FAQs: Human Population Growth & Phases
Question 1: What are the causes of the human population explosion?
Answer 1: Prior to the 1800s, diseases like smallpox, diphtheria, measles, scarlet
fever, bubonic plague, typhus, and cholera kept the human population in equilibrium.
In the 1800s, scientists discovered how many of these diseases were spread and were
able to develop counter measures. The discovery of penicillin and other antibiotic
drugs in the 20th century resulted in a further decline in the human mortality rate.
Improvements in sanitation and agriculture, notably the Green Revolution of the 1960s
and 70s, further contributed to the population explosion.
Question 2: Where is the most rapid growth in population taking place? What are
some of the social and environmental consequences of this growth?
Answer 2: The most rapid population growth is taking place in the developing
countries. One result is that over a billion people live in households that have too little
land to meet their basic needs for food and fuel. Overuse of available resources,
notably wood for fuel, have caused erosion, desertification and decreased food
production. Consequently, many rural residents have migrated to the cities, causing a
dramatic rise in urban populations around the world. Many new arrivals have been
forced to live in areas that lack basic sanitation. Other social consequences include an
increased demand for social services, education, and jobs. Political instability often
results when these demands are not met.
Question 3: What is meant by demographic transition?
Answer 3: The basic premise of demographic transition is the decline of birth and
death rates as a society modernizes. The transition consists of the following four
phases:
1. The first phase of the transition is characterized by high birth and high death
rates.
2. The second phase is characterized by a declining death rate (usually due to
improvements in medical care) but no corresponding decline in the birth rate.
This is a phase of accelerating population growth.
3. The third phase is characterized by declining fertility rates.
4. The fourth and final phase is reached when the birth rates and death rates reach
relative equilibrium. At this point, the population is stable.
The developed nations are considered to be in phase four, while the developing nations
are in phases two and three.
Question 4: Must a society modernize for the fertility rate to stabilize?
Answer 4: This question has been debated for almost 200 years. One school of thought
holds that countries must adopt policies restricting family size or make birth control
readily available. A second school of thought holds that if a country concentrates its
efforts on development, then the birth rate will naturally decline as it has in the
developed nations.
Question 5: Why do families in developing nations tend to be much larger than
families in de ...
The world’s population is more than three times larger than it was in the mid-twentieth century. The global human population reached 8.0 billion in mid-November 2022 from an estimated 2.5 billion people in 1950, adding 1 billion people since 2010 and 2 billion since 1998. The world’s population is expected to increase by nearly 2 billion persons in the next 30 years, from the current 8 billion to 9.7 billion in 2050 and could peak at nearly 10.4 billion in the mid-2080s.
Similar to CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY AS ULTRA REVISION TEST 3 POPULATION (20)
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCESGeorge Dumitrache
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE
On February 27, 1933, the German parliament (Reichstag) building burned down. The Nazi leadership and its coalition partners used the fire to claim that Communists were planning a violent uprising. They claimed that emergency legislation was needed to prevent this. The resulting act, commonly known as the Reichstag Fire Decree, abolished a number of constitutional protections and paved the way for Nazi dictatorship.
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTXGeorge Dumitrache
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
Following Hitler’s appointment as chancellor the Nazis were finally in a position of power.
However, this power was limited, as the Nazis were just one party in a three party coalition government, under President Hindenburg.
This topic will explore how the Nazis managed to eliminate their opposition and consolidate ultimate power over Germany, whilst maintaining an illusion of democracy.
It will first explore this topic in chronological order, from the Reichstag Fire through to the death of President Hindenburg, and then explore it thematically in the last section. On the 31 January 1933, Hitler, conscious of his lack of a majority in the Reichstag, immediately called for new elections to try and strengthen his position. The Nazis aimed to increase their share of the vote so that they would have a majority in the Reichstag. This would allow them to rule unopposed and unhindered by coalition governments.
Over the next two months, they launched themselves into an intense election campaign.
On 27 February 1933, as the campaign moved into its final, frantic days, the Reichstag, the German Parliament building, was set on fire and burnt down. An atmosphere of panic and terror followed the event.
This continued when a young Dutch communist, Van der Lubbe was arrested for the crime.
The Nazi Party used the atmosphere of panic to their advantage, encouraging anti-communism. Göring declared that the communists had planned a national uprising to overthrow the Weimar Republic. This hysteria helped to turn the public against the communists, one of the Nazis main opponents, and 4000 people were imprisoned.
The day after the fire, Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. On the 28 February 1933, President Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. This decree suspended the democratic aspects of the Weimar Republic and declared a state of emergency.
This decree gave the Nazis a legal basis for the persecution and oppression of any opponents, who were be framed as traitors to the republic. People could be imprisoned for any or no reason.
The decree also removed basic personal freedoms, such as the freedom of speech, the right to own property, and the right to trial before imprisonment.
Through these aspects the Nazis suppressed any opposition to their power, and were able to start the road from democracy to a dictatorship. The atmosphere of uncertainty following the Reichstag Fire secured many voters for the Nazi party.
The SA also ran a violent campaign of terror against any and all opponents of the Nazi regime. Many were terrified of voting of at all, and many turned to voting for the Nazi Party out of fear for their own safety. The elections were neither free or fair.
On the 5 March 1933, the elections took place, with an extremely high turnout of 89%.
The Nazis secured 43.9% of the vote.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933George Dumitrache
Hitler was not immediately appointed chancellor after the success of the July 1932 elections, despite being leader of the largest party in the Reichstag. It took the economic and political instability (with two more chancellors failing to stabilise the situation) to worsen, and the support of the conservative elite, to convince Hindenburg to appoint Hitler.
Hitler was sworn in as the chancellor of Germany on the 30 January 1933. The Nazis were now in power.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESSGeorge Dumitrache
The “Lean Years” (also called the "wilderness" years) of Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany refer to the period between 1924 and 1928 when the Nazi party did not have high levels of support and still suffered from humiliation over the Munich Putsch. Why where these years “lean”?
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929George Dumitrache
The period 1924-1929 was a time when the Weimar economy recovered and cultural life in Germany flourished. This dramatic turnabout happened in large part because of the role played by Gustav Stresemann who became Chancellor in August 1923 during the hyperinflation crisis.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923George Dumitrache
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATIONGeorge Dumitrache
Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, and misery for the general populace.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...George Dumitrache
Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany's ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the former World War I Allies didn't buy Germany's claim that it couldn't afford to pay.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 02. THE NOVEMBER REVOLUTION 1918George Dumitrache
The German Revolution or November Revolution was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption of the Weimar Constitution in August 1919. Among the factors leading to the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the German population during the four years of war, the economic and psychological impacts of the German Empire's defeat by the Allies, and growing social tensions between the general population and the aristocratic and bourgeois elite.
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Manchurian Crisis. On September 18, 1931, an explosion destroyed a section of railway track near the city of Mukden. The Japanese, who owned the railway, blamed Chinese nationalists for the incident and used the opportunity to retaliate and invade Manchuria.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. This presentation contains 31 questions. Each slide contains a question,
doable in 2 minutes. After that students will check the answers on the
next slide. All the questions and answers are covering the Cambridge
curricula for 2015. This is an exceptional revision for the month before
the exams. Good luck!
3. Q1. Define the crude birth rate and the crude death rate.
4. A1. Define the crude birth rate and the crude death rate.
The crude birth rate is the number of live births per 1000 population in
a given year. The crude death rate is the number of deaths per 1000
population in a given year.
5. Q2. How is the rate of natural increase calculated?
6. A2. How is the rate of natural increase calculated?
This is the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death
rate.
7. Q3. Why is the fertility rate a better measure of fertility than the
crude birth rate?
8. A3. Why is the fertility rate a better measure of fertility than the crude
birth rate?
Unlike the crude birth rate the fertility rate takes accounts of both age
structure and gender.
9. Q4. List the four general factors affecting fertility.
10. A4. List the four general factors affecting fertility.
Demographic, social/cultural, economic and political.
12. A5. Define infant mortality rate.
The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under 1
year of age per 1000 live births in a given year.
13. Q6. Briefly describe the contrast in the causes of death between more
developed and less developed countries.
14. A6. Briefly describe the contrast in the causes of death between more
developed and less developed countries.
In the developed world heart disease and cancer are the main causes
of death. In the developing world, infectious and parasitic diseases
account for over 40% of all deaths.
15. Q7. What do you understand by the terms “population structure” and
“population pyramid”?
16. A7. What do you understand by the terms “population structure” and
“population pyramid”?
Population structure is the composition of a population, the most
important elements of which are age and sex. Population pyramid is a
bar chart, arranged vertically, that shows the distribution of a
population by age and sex.
18. A8. What does a dependency ratio of 80 mean?
For every 100 people in the economically active population there are
80 people dependent on them.
19. Q9. How does the structure of dependency vary between developed
and developing countries?
20. A9. How does the structure of dependency vary between developed
and developing countries?
The dependency ratio in developed countries is usually between 50 and
75, with the elderly forming an increasingly high proportion of
dependents. Developing countries typically have higher dependency
ratios, which can reach over 100, with young people making up the
majority of dependents.
22. A10. Define demographic transition.
The demographic transition is the historical shift of birth and death
rates from high to low levels in a population.
23. Q11. List the reasons for declining mortality in stage 2.
24. A11. List the reasons for declining mortality in stage 2.
The reasons for declining mortality in stage 2 are:
• Better nutrition
• Improved public health particularly in terms of clean water supply and
efficient sewerage systems
• Medical advances
26. A12. What happens in stage 5?
Natural decrease, with the birth rate lower than the death rate.
27. Q13. State two criticism of the model of demographic transition.
28. A13. State two criticism of the model of demographic transition.
• Seen as too Eurocentric (focused on the European examples).
• Many developing countries may not follow the sequence set out in
the model.
• It fails to take into account changes due to migration.
29. Q14. By how much has global average life expectancy increased since 1950?
30. A14. By how much has global average life expectancy increased since
1950?
From 46 to 68 years.
31. Q15. Which two factors have resulted in such an elderly population in
Japan?
32. A15. Which two factors have resulted in such an elderly population in
Japan?
Very high life expectancy and very low fertility.
33. Q16. Which three quality-of-life indicators are used in the human
development index?
34. A16. Which three quality-of-life indicators are used in the human
development index?
Life expectancy, education and income.
42. A20. What is the ecological footprint?
The ecological footprint is a sustainability indicator that takes into
account the use of natural resources by a country’s population.
43. Q21. List the six components of the ecological footprint.
44. A21. List the six components of the ecological footprint.
1. Built-up land.
2. Fishing ground.
3. Forest.
4. Grazing land.
5. Cropland.
6. Carbon footprint.
46. A22. Define biocapacity.
Biocapacity is the capacity of an area or ecosystem to generate an
ongoing supply of resources and to absorb its wastes.
47. Q23. List four natural problems that can lead to food shortages.
48. A23. List four natural problems that can lead to food shortages.
1. Soil exhaustion.
2. Drought.
3. Floods.
4. Tropical cyclones.
5. Pests.
6. Disease.
56. A27. Define the term population policy.
When a government has a stated aim on an aspect of its population
and it undertakes measures to achieve that aim.
57. Q28. State two reasons why some countries are concerned that their
fertility is too low.
58. A28. State two reasons why some countries are concerned that their
fertility is too low.
1. The socioeconomic implications of population ageing.
2. The decrease in the supply of labour.
3. The long-term prospect of population decline.
59. Q29. When did China introduced the one-child policy?
60. A29. When did China introduced the one-child policy?
In 1979.
61. Q30. How did China’s birth rate change between 1950 and 2005?
62. A30. How did China’s birth rate change between 1950 and 2005?
From 43.8/1000 to 13.6/1000.
64. A31. State three adverse consequences of the one-child policy.
1. Demographic ageing.
2. An unbalanced sex ratio.
3. A generation of “spoiled” only children.
4. A social divide as an increasing number of wealthy couples “but their way
round” the legislation.