This document discusses building technology and construction materials. It covers traditional materials like brick, mortar, timber and concrete as well as modern materials like glass and plastics. It also examines different building types such as houses, warehouses, retail units, and offices. Specific construction methods like timber frame and steel frame buildings are outlined. Concrete frame construction is also detailed, including advantages and disadvantages.

1. BUILDING
TECHNOLOGY IN
CONSTRUCTION
UNIT 6
John Fox, College of North West
February, 2012 London 1

2. INTRODUCTION
 Building technology has evolved over the
centuries between simple structures,
through to hi-tech, state of the art
buildings.
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3. TRADITIONAL TYPE OF
MATERIALS
 BRICKS & MORTAR
 TIMBER
 CONCRETE
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4. MODERN MATERIALS USED
 GLASS
 PLASTICS
 PREFABRICATED
COMPONENTS
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5. BUILDING USES
 HOUSES & FLATS
 TRADITIONALLY 1 OR 2 STOREY HIGH
 BUILT FROM BRICK, STONE OR
TIMBER
 ALL HOMES BUILT TO BUILDING
REGULATIONS
 MONITORED BY BUILDING CONTROL
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6. CRITERIA FOR HOUSE BUILDING
 STRUCTUALLY SOUND
 RESISTANT TO MOISTURE
 THERMAL PERFORMANCE
 LOAD BEARING
 SOUND INSULATION
 ASTHETICALLY PLEASING
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7. WAREHOUSES & INDUSTRIAL
UNITS
 COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
 OPEN SPAN BUILDINGS
 BUILT IN STEEL FRAMES
 CLAD WITH ALLUMINIUM
 ENCLOSED BOTH ECONOMICALLY
AND SAFELY
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8. RETAIL UNITS
 SHOPS & COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
 LARGE OPEN SPAN
 PORTAL FRAME
 CAN BE ADAPTED FROM LARGER
HOUSES
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9. OFFICES
 CAN BE LOW OR MULTI STOREY
BUILDINGS
 OPEN PLAN
 SUB-DIVIDED INTO SMALLER
WORKING AREAS
 MUST INCORPORATE FIRE REGS. EG.
FIRE EXITS, ALARMS, SPRINKLERS
ETC.
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10. FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION
TIMBER FRAME
 WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF
PREFAB CONSTRUCTION?
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11. TIMBER FRAME BUILDINGS
 BEEN BUILT IN THE UK SINCE THE
1960’S
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12. TIMBERFRAME COMPONENTS
EXPLAIN THE PURPOSE
OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING
COMPONENTS;
3. VAPOUR BARRIER
4. INSULATION QUILT
5. S/S WALL TIE
6. INSULATION MEMBRANE
7. SHEATHING BOARD
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13. TIMBER FRAME BUILDINGS
CROSS SECTION
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14. TIMBER FRAME
CONSTRUCTION
 TIMBER PANELS ( 100X50MM ) ARE
NAILED WITH PLYWOOD SHEETS TO
GIVE ADDED STRENGTH
 THESE PANELS ARE LOAD BEARING
AS THEY SUPPORT THE STRUCTURE
OF THE ROOF
 TIMBER STRUCTURE IS ENCLOSED
WITH EITHER BRICKWORK OR STONE.
THIS IS ALSO KNOWN AS CLADDING
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15. STEEL FRAME CONSTRUCTION
 LIGHT STEEL FRAME BUILDINGS
(SKELETAL) WERE DEVELOPED IN THE
1880’S FOR AMERICAN SKYSCRAPERS
USED FOR HOUSE CONSTRUCTION IN
THE EARLY 1920’S
 STEEL BECAME RELATIVELY
EXPENSIVE & NOT A VIABLE
ALTERNATIVE FOR HOUSING
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16. STEEL FRAME ADVANTAGES
 FACTORY MADE
 RELATIVELY EASY & QUICK TO
ASSEMBLE
 UNAFFECTED BY MOISTURE
 POTENTIAL LONG ROOF SPANS
 COMPOSITE DESIGN
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17. DISADVANTAGES
 DEFORMS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE
 NEEDS TO BE FIRE COATED
 ELECTRICTY CONDUCTOR- MUST BE
EARTHED
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18. CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS
 THIS SYSTEM WAS FIRST DEVELOPED
IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY BY
WILLIAM E. WARD
 THE FIRST CONCRETE FRAME
SKYSCRAPER WAS THE INGALLS
BUILDING, BUILT IN CINNCINATTI
IN1904- 210FT HIGH
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19. CONCRETE FRAME
FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION
 IN SITU- STEEL OR WOODEN FORMWORK IS
REQUIRED TO CREATE THE COLUMNS AND
BEAMS. CONCRETE IS THEN POURED AND
THE SHUTTERING IS REMOVED ONCE THE
CONCRETE HAS GAINED ENOUGH
STRENGTH.
 PRE-CAST- PANELS ARE DROPPED IN BY
CRANE AND BOLTED TOGETHER TO FORM A
RIGID STRUCTURE
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20. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
OF CONCRETE FRAME CONSTRUCTION
 ADVANTAGES- IN-BUILT FIRE PROTECTION
 MOULDED INTO ANY SHAPE
 HIGH STRENGTH IN COMPRESSION
 DO NOT REQUIRE A SECONDARY FINISH
 DISADVANTAGES-CRAINAGE REQUIRED
 REQUIRES INITIAL SUPPORT
 SKILLED WORKFORCE REQUIRED TO
ASSEMBLE
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