BUILDING TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION

1. BUILDING
BUILDING
TECHNOLOGY IN
TECHNOLOGY IN
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
UNIT 6
UNIT 6
Bryan Shenton
Bryan Shenton
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2. INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
 Building technology has evolved over the
Building technology has evolved over the
centuries between simple structures,
centuries between simple structures,
through to hi-tech, state of the art
through to hi-tech, state of the art
buildings.
buildings.
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3. TRADITIONAL TYPE OF
TRADITIONAL TYPE OF
MATERIALS
MATERIALS
 BRICKS & MORTAR
BRICKS & MORTAR
 TIMBER
TIMBER
 CONCRETE
CONCRETE
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4. MODERN MATERIALS USED
MODERN MATERIALS USED
 GLASS
GLASS
 PLASTICS
PLASTICS
 PREFABRICATED
PREFABRICATED
COMPONENTS
COMPONENTS
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5. BUILDING USES
BUILDING USES
 HOUSES & FLATS
HOUSES & FLATS
 TRADITIONALLY 1 OR 2 STOREY HIGH
TRADITIONALLY 1 OR 2 STOREY HIGH
 BUILT FROM BRICK, STONE OR
BUILT FROM BRICK, STONE OR
TIMBER
TIMBER
 ALL HOMES BUILT TO BUILDING
ALL HOMES BUILT TO BUILDING
REGULATIONS
REGULATIONS
 MONITORED BY BUILDING CONTROL
MONITORED BY BUILDING CONTROL
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February, 2012 John Fox, College of North West London
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6. CRITERIA FOR HOUSE BUILDING
CRITERIA FOR HOUSE BUILDING
 STRUCTUALLY SOUND
STRUCTUALLY SOUND
 RESISTANT TO MOISTURE
RESISTANT TO MOISTURE
 THERMAL PERFORMANCE
THERMAL PERFORMANCE
 LOAD BEARING
LOAD BEARING
 SOUND INSULATION
SOUND INSULATION
 ASTHETICALLY PLEASING
ASTHETICALLY PLEASING
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February, 2012 John Fox, College of North West London
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7. WAREHOUSES & INDUSTRIAL
WAREHOUSES & INDUSTRIAL
UNITS
UNITS
 COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
 OPEN SPAN BUILDINGS
OPEN SPAN BUILDINGS
 BUILT IN STEEL FRAMES
BUILT IN STEEL FRAMES
 CLAD WITH ALLUMINIUM
CLAD WITH ALLUMINIUM
 ENCLOSED BOTH ECONOMICALLY
ENCLOSED BOTH ECONOMICALLY
AND SAFELY
AND SAFELY
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8. RETAIL UNITS
RETAIL UNITS
 SHOPS & COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
SHOPS & COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
 LARGE OPEN SPAN
LARGE OPEN SPAN
 PORTAL FRAME
PORTAL FRAME
 CAN BE ADAPTED FROM LARGER
CAN BE ADAPTED FROM LARGER
HOUSES
HOUSES
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9. OFFICES
OFFICES
 CAN BE LOW OR MULTI STOREY
CAN BE LOW OR MULTI STOREY
BUILDINGS
BUILDINGS
 OPEN PLAN
OPEN PLAN
 SUB-DIVIDED INTO SMALLER
SUB-DIVIDED INTO SMALLER
WORKING AREAS
WORKING AREAS
 MUST INCORPORATE FIRE REGS. EG.
MUST INCORPORATE FIRE REGS. EG.
FIRE EXITS, ALARMS, SPRINKLERS
FIRE EXITS, ALARMS, SPRINKLERS
ETC.
ETC.
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10. FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION
FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION
TIMBER FRAME
TIMBER FRAME
 WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF
PREFAB CONSTRUCTION?
PREFAB CONSTRUCTION?
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11. TIMBER FRAME BUILDINGS
TIMBER FRAME BUILDINGS
 BEEN BUILT IN THE UK SINCE THE 1960’S
BEEN BUILT IN THE UK SINCE THE 1960’S
 TIMBER PANELS BUILT IN THE WORKSHOP RATHER THAN IN SITU
TIMBER PANELS BUILT IN THE WORKSHOP RATHER THAN IN SITU
 DELIVERED TO SITE
DELIVERED TO SITE
 EASY TO ASSEMBLE
EASY TO ASSEMBLE
 PRODUCED TO QUALITY CONTROLLED STANDARDS & TOLERANCES
PRODUCED TO QUALITY CONTROLLED STANDARDS & TOLERANCES
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12. TIMBERFRAME COMPONENTS
TIMBERFRAME COMPONENTS
EXPLAIN THE PURPOSE
EXPLAIN THE PURPOSE
OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING
OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING
COMPONENTS;
COMPONENTS;
1.
1. VAPOUR BARRIER
VAPOUR BARRIER
2.
2. INSULATION QUILT
INSULATION QUILT
3.
3. S/S WALL TIE
S/S WALL TIE
4.
4. INSULATION MEMBRANE
INSULATION MEMBRANE
5.
5. SHEATHING BOARD
SHEATHING BOARD
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13. TIMBER FRAME BUILDINGS
TIMBER FRAME BUILDINGS
CROSS SECTION
CROSS SECTION
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14. TIMBER FRAME
TIMBER FRAME
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
 TIMBER PANELS ( 100X50MM ) ARE
TIMBER PANELS ( 100X50MM ) ARE
NAILED WITH PLYWOOD SHEETS TO
NAILED WITH PLYWOOD SHEETS TO
GIVE ADDED STRENGTH
GIVE ADDED STRENGTH
 THESE PANELS ARE LOAD BEARING
THESE PANELS ARE LOAD BEARING
AS THEY SUPPORT THE STRUCTURE
AS THEY SUPPORT THE STRUCTURE
OF THE ROOF
OF THE ROOF
 TIMBER STRUCTURE IS ENCLOSED
TIMBER STRUCTURE IS ENCLOSED
WITH EITHER BRICKWORK OR STONE.
WITH EITHER BRICKWORK OR STONE.
THIS IS ALSO KNOWN AS CLADDING
THIS IS ALSO KNOWN AS CLADDING
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15. STEEL FRAME CONSTRUCTION
STEEL FRAME CONSTRUCTION
 LIGHT STEEL FRAME BUILDINGS
LIGHT STEEL FRAME BUILDINGS
(SKELETAL) WERE DEVELOPED IN THE
(SKELETAL) WERE DEVELOPED IN THE
1880’S FOR AMERICAN SKYSCRAPERS
1880’S FOR AMERICAN SKYSCRAPERS
USED FOR HOUSE CONSTRUCTION IN
USED FOR HOUSE CONSTRUCTION IN
THE EARLY 1920’S
THE EARLY 1920’S
 STEEL BECAME RELATIVELY
STEEL BECAME RELATIVELY
EXPENSIVE & NOT A VIABLE
EXPENSIVE & NOT A VIABLE
ALTERNATIVE FOR HOUSING
ALTERNATIVE FOR HOUSING
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16. STEEL FRAME ADVANTAGES
STEEL FRAME ADVANTAGES
 FACTORY MADE
FACTORY MADE
 RELATIVELY EASY & QUICK TO
RELATIVELY EASY & QUICK TO
ASSEMBLE
ASSEMBLE
 UNAFFECTED BY MOISTURE
UNAFFECTED BY MOISTURE
 POTENTIAL LONG ROOF SPANS
POTENTIAL LONG ROOF SPANS
 COMPOSITE DESIGN
COMPOSITE DESIGN
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17. DISADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
 DEFORMS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE
DEFORMS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE
 NEEDS TO BE FIRE COATED
NEEDS TO BE FIRE COATED
 ELECTRICTY CONDUCTOR- MUST BE
ELECTRICTY CONDUCTOR- MUST BE
EARTHED
EARTHED
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18. CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS
CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS
 THIS SYSTEM WAS FIRST DEVELOPED
THIS SYSTEM WAS FIRST DEVELOPED
IN THE LATE 19
IN THE LATE 19TH
TH
CENTURY BY
CENTURY BY
WILLIAM E. WARD
WILLIAM E. WARD
 THE FIRST CONCRETE FRAME
THE FIRST CONCRETE FRAME
SKYSCRAPER WAS THE INGALLS
SKYSCRAPER WAS THE INGALLS
BUILDING, BUILT IN CINNCINATTI
BUILDING, BUILT IN CINNCINATTI
IN1904- 210FT HIGH
IN1904- 210FT HIGH
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19. CONCRETE FRAME
CONCRETE FRAME
FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION
FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION
 IN SITU- STEEL OR WOODEN FORMWORK IS
IN SITU- STEEL OR WOODEN FORMWORK IS
REQUIRED TO CREATE THE COLUMNS AND
REQUIRED TO CREATE THE COLUMNS AND
BEAMS. CONCRETE IS THEN POURED AND
BEAMS. CONCRETE IS THEN POURED AND
THE SHUTTERING IS REMOVED ONCE THE
THE SHUTTERING IS REMOVED ONCE THE
CONCRETE HAS GAINED ENOUGH
CONCRETE HAS GAINED ENOUGH
STRENGTH.
STRENGTH.
 PRE-CAST- PANELS ARE DROPPED IN BY
PRE-CAST- PANELS ARE DROPPED IN BY
CRANE AND BOLTED TOGETHER TO FORM A
CRANE AND BOLTED TOGETHER TO FORM A
RIGID STRUCTURE
RIGID STRUCTURE
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20. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
OF CONCRETE FRAME CONSTRUCTION
OF CONCRETE FRAME CONSTRUCTION
 ADVANTAGES- IN-BUILT FIRE PROTECTION
ADVANTAGES- IN-BUILT FIRE PROTECTION
 MOULDED INTO ANY SHAPE
MOULDED INTO ANY SHAPE
 HIGH STRENGTH IN COMPRESSION
HIGH STRENGTH IN COMPRESSION
 DO NOT REQUIRE A SECONDARY FINISH
DO NOT REQUIRE A SECONDARY FINISH
 DISADVANTAGES-CRAINAGE REQUIRED
DISADVANTAGES-CRAINAGE REQUIRED
 REQUIRES INITIAL SUPPORT
REQUIRES INITIAL SUPPORT
 SKILLED WORKFORCE REQUIRED TO
SKILLED WORKFORCE REQUIRED TO
ASSEMBLE
ASSEMBLE
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