Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours) Building Services 2 Presentation Tesco Extra at Mutiara Damansara Members: Abang Azrin Bin Abang Affandi Chua Jia Cheng Goh Jeng Jhieh Jake Sia Chyi Sern Kellyann Hiew Yau Mei Muhammad Aiman Bin Zainul Abidin Rachel Emma Betty Ernesta

1. Building Services 2
Tesco Extra at Mutiara Damansara
Abang Azrin Bin Abang Affandi 0319073
Chua Jia Cheng 0315160
Goh Jeng Jhieh 0315080
Jake Sia Chyi Sern 0314396
Kellyann Hiew Yau Mei 0319532
Muhammad Aiman Bin Zainul Abidin 0321832
Rachel Emma Betty Ernesta 0317966

2. Tesco Extra
• Owned by Tesco Stores (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
• Over 50 hypermarkets all across Peninsular
Malaysia
• The purpose of Tesco Extra is to provide
customers with a destination to shop for their
needs with everything ranging from fresh
foods to groceries, and even including
apparels

3. Four systems
• Mechanical and Air-conditioning system
• Fire Protection System
• Electrical Supply
• Vertical Transportation

4. 6/26/2015
Mechanical and Air Conditioning
System
Air Conditioning Design
Consideration
• heating and/or cooling load
• Range of suitable units with
the required capacity
• positioning
• Sizing the Air Conditioning
Systems

5. 6/26/2015
Tesco Air Conditioning System
Compressor
• Motorize machine that circulates coolant though a
vapour compressor system. Refrigerant will enter to
compressor in vapour state. Compressor will compress
the refrigeration to a high pressure and followed by
increasing of the temperature.
Condenser
• Change the pressure of refrigeration from hot to cool it
and include changing of vapour to liquid form. Hot gas
from compressor will be emitted the heat and
condensed the refrigeration through the coil.

6. 6/26/2015
Expansion valve
• Ensure that there are changing of pressure liquid
from high to low pressure. The liquid automatically
becomes cool because of the variations of pressure.
Evaporator
• Occurs when cold refrigerant is filled and produced
by a system of coil that fills out and cools air around
it. The hot liquid refrigeration will be absorbed by
evaporator coil to produce cool gas. Evaporator will
change the state of the liquid to gas form.

7. 6/26/2015
• Refrigeration system

8. 6/26/2015
Centralized system

9. 6/26/2015
• Space is provided to house compressor,
condenser, expansion valve and evaporator.
• The cold air is produced by evaporator.
Chilled air will flow through ducting system
to all rooms needed.
• Air duct and diffuser are needed for ducting
system.

10. 6/26/2015
Cooling Tower
• Cooling tower is needed to cool hot water.
Hot water will be delivered to cooling
tower and sprayed by sprinkler and cooled
by air in cooling tower.

11. 6/26/2015
What are the advantages of
centralized system ?
• To achieve safety, energy efficiency and cost
efficiency.
• Allow for better management and system
operation.
• Require either a mechanical room
• High capacity air so that all customers of Tesco
can receive the cold air continuously and
throughout the daily operations and services.

12. 6/26/2015
Extraction grill

13. 6/26/2015
SUPPLY DUCT
DIFFUSER

14. 6/26/2015
Zoning
• Zoning is required to divide a space into
different zones that have variety cooling needs.
• Required to achieve high comfort and control
humidity within the area .
• include thermostats that is connected through it
and controlled by control a panel.
• Zoning will operate the damper to control the
temperature in case for high or low temperature
by control panel.

15. 6/26/2015
4 way louvered
bladed diffuser
Linear diffuser

16. 6/26/2015
Advantages of zoning
• control over the cooling
and heating system for
control over temperature
• Most places don’t get the
same amount of sun or
shade all day,
• Therefore the same type
of cooling or heating is
not the same throughout
the day.

17. 6/26/2015
Control
• Control is achieved when a signal is sent to the air
conditioning system and causes different results
as desired by the individual.
• It can be manual or automatic
• provide comfort, safety and energy efficiency.

18. 6/26/2015
COMFORT BY ZONING CAN BE
ACHEIVED BY ADJUSTING....
• Temperature
• Humidity of air,
• Speed of air condition,
• Pressure of air,
• Turn the control on or off.

19. 6/26/2015
• Multi Zones Variable Air Volume

20. 6/26/2015
• Air handling unit is used to supply chilled air
through ducting and distribute it throughout
the whole building of Tesco.
• individual comfort to adjust them through
control panel.
• This can be observed easily in the separate
retail areas and corridors in Tesco.

21. 6/26/2015
Requires installation of:
• motorized damper
• sensors
• controller
A Thermostat is required to control each pair of
zone dampers.
Mixing is done at the AHU and connected to
control panel.
Variable Air Volume is used to save more energy
because the speed can be controlled
depending on the demand.

22. What is Fire Protection?

23. Why do we need Fire Protection?
• Protect ourselves from fire
• Protect the goods and properties
• Feeling of security

25. Fire protection in Tesco Damansara
• Fire Extinguisher
• HoseReel
• Breakglass and Fire Alarm
• Fire Escape Exit
• Smoke Detector
• Sprinklers system
• Co2 System

27. Fire extinguisher
Colour Type Solid Flammabl
e Liquids
Flammabl
e Gasses
Electrical
Equipmen
t
Cooking
Oil and
Fats
Red Water  × × × ×
Yellow Foam   × × 
Blue Dry
Powder
    ×
Black Co2 ×  ×  
The type use in Tesco are Dry powder and Co2 fire extinguisher
• Fire extinguisher for initial outbreak of fire.
• Minimal gross weight.
• Locate at potential fire hazard area.
• 5 number of Co2 fire extinguisher and 40 number of Dry powder fire extinguisher.
• Co2 fire extinguisher at Kitchen, Bakery Room, Genset room, Switch room and
computer room.
• Dry Powder fire extinguisher separated evenly throughout the building.

29. Hosereel
• 2 types swinging and fixed type.
• Tesco uses the fixed type of hosereel.
• 9 nos of hosereel.
• Easily spotted area painted in RED.
• Normally place with fire extinguisher,
breakglass, and fire alarm.
• Consist hosereel pump, hosereel tank,
pipework, and valves.

32. Breakglass & Fire Alarm
• Best partner like Batman and Robin.
• 1.2 meter height easily break material to trigger an alarm.
• Fire Alarm is required to be 65 dB(a) or +5dB(a).
• It last more than 30secs after trigger.
• Installed evenly throughout the whole building.
Fire Escape Exit
• Consist of a KELUAR sign at each exit it light up
when the power of the building is cut off.
• Walls are fire resistance wall as it allows the wall
to resist fire for some time for the occupant to
escape

34. Smoke Detector
• Smoke detector is selected because the nature of
smoke which rise upward to the detector as the
roof of the building is high.
• 2 types Ionized smoke detector and light
scattering smoke detector.
• Ionized smoke detector is used by Tesco.
• Constantly ionized air by radiation, and when
smoke enter it reduce current and trigger an
alarm.
• It is installed evenly throughout the whole
building.

36. Sprinklers System
• There are 2 types which are wet and dry
system.
• Tesco uses wet system which the sprinkler is
constantly filled with liquid.
• Wet system is not recommended when the
building has a risk of freezing.
• When temperature rises the sprinkler head
break and water is release.
• Get water supply from a water tank.

37. Automatic Co2 System
• Purpose to protect electrical equipment.
• Installed in the Genset room and Switch room.
• During event of fire, it automatically activated.
• With a delay of 30 to 60sec, the room is
flooded with Co2 gas.
• Human is to evacuate from the room as they
are not able to breath. We need oxygen.

38. Electrical Supply

39. How is electricity supplied to Tesco?

40. Distribution Grid System

41. Substation/Transformer
• Commonly located near
the building
• An electrical device that
transfers electrical
energy between two or
more circuits
through electromagnetic
induction.
• To increase or decrease
the voltages of
alternating current in
electric power
applications.

42. Main Switchboard
• Located near the
elevator at the point of
the incoming power
supply
• To distribution power
to each unit
• Protection is provided
by tripping the
breakers when the
current overloads or
short circuits

43. Distribution Panel
• Located in strategic
locations that is easily
accessible
• Used to distribute
power even more to
electrical appliances
• Circuit breaker is
installed for each circuit
for protection
• Will trip the circuit
when it detects an
overload in the circuit
or a short circuit.

44. Uniform Building By Law
• UBBL MS1525, 7.5, power factor should be
low loss type not more than 0.35W at upper
temperature limit.
• To reduce the loss of energy through the
cables and capacitors
• 7.6, electrical meters should be installed at
strategic load centre to identify consumption
• To record and control the electrical usage
effectively

45. Vertical Transportation

46. PLAN VIEW IN TESCO

47. The one and only elevator !!!!

48. PURPOSE OF THE ELEVATOR :
• TO CARRY PEOPLE TO THE FLOOR THEY
WANTED TO GO
• TO CARRY LOADS (GOODS) BOUGHT BY THE
CUSTOMERS
• TO MINIMIZE TRAVEL TIME
• TO MAXIMIZE PASSENGER COMFORT BY
PROVIDING A SMOOTH RIDE

49. ESCALATORS

50. What are escalators?
• Conveyor transport for moving people
between floors of building
• Installed when elevator placements would be
impractical
• Steps are constantly rotated for continuous
flights

51. Main components of an escalator
1. Electric control
2. Drive
3. Main shaft
4. Handrail drive
5. Balustrade
6. Main truss
7. Steps
8. Step chains
9. Handrail compensation
10. Chain tensioning device
11. Comb plates
12. Handrail return

52. Main components of escalators

53. Arrangement of escalators
One-way traffic, interrupted
arrangement
One-way traffic, continuous
arrangement
Two-way traffic, parallel, interrupted
arrangement
Two-way traffic, crisscross, continuous
arrangement

54. Tesco Extra Mutiara Damansara

55. Types of vertical transport used
• Ground – First Floor = inclined moving
walkway/travelators
• First Floor – Mezzanine Floor = escalator

56. Layout Plan of Tesco Extra

57. Two-way traffic, interrupted
arrangement (moving walkway)

58. Two-way traffic, interrupted
arrangement (escalator)

59. RECOMMENDATION
Vertical Transportation
Fire Protection System

60. Recommendation
• Adjust the arrangement of escalators
• Use one-way traffic at each end
• Help boost sales among retailers
• Customers are obliged into walking all around
the building

61. PROBLEM:
-Not easily spotted
-Small car lift, unable
to carry too much
loads or people
-Only 1 elevator is
provided at the
entrance

62. Vertical Transportation
• Should add more elevators
• Provide more vertical transportation
• Save in waiting time

63. FIRE PROTECTION

66. Top 5 reasons sprinklers fail
1. System shut off (38%)
2. Inappropriate system for the type of fire
(18%)
3. Water discharged did not reach fire (12%)
4. Lack of maintenance (12%)
5. Problem with water supply or not enough
water discharged (9%)

67. Regulation
Hong Kong's Code of Practice for minimum Fire
Service Installations and Equipment and
Inspection, Testing and Maintenance of
Installations and Equipment
Part 4.14 - low rise commercial buildings are
required to install ‘Automatic Actuating Devices’

68. Automatic actuating devices
• Building components such as doors, shutters,
dampers, fire curtains, roof vents, etc., and
the devices for automatically controlling their
movement in the event of fire.

69. • Modernised fire shutter can now close at a
controlled speed (typically 10 centimetres per
second).
• With a combination of a Fire Detection
Interface (FDI) panel it is now possible for a
fire roller shutter to initially deploy to a pre-
determined safe height, (normally just above
head height) to act as a smoke barrier while
allowing people to escape

70. • The fire shutter is fully closed after a pre-
determined time (following fire protocol for
the building) to create a fire resistant barrier.
• The FDI panel can also act as a visual and
acoustic alarm, alerting occupants that the fire
shutter is about to close