The document discusses optimization of soda loss in the brown stock washing process. It identifies that the majority of soda loss occurs in brown stock washing and provides tips to minimize this loss. These include focusing on washable, bound, and pulp/power sewer soda losses, optimizing brown stock washing equipment and controls, maintaining proper dilution factor and displacement ratio, and conducting regular soda loss reconciliations. Monthly tracking of total mill soda loss vs makeup is important to ensure accurate measurements.
DIY guidelines for optimization of wire vacuumDevesh Singhal
This presentation indicates how paper mills can collect data from their own machines and do the optimization to reduce energy consumption and get more dryness after the wire part.
Paper dryers are occasionally shut down for periods of time ranging from a few hours to many months. It important that proper procedures be followed when shutting down dryers to be sure that the process is complete and appropriate for the duration of the shutdown.
Crescentformer general process. tissue machine VoithNelson Izaguirre
CRESCENT FORMER
The Crescent Former is the culmination of technological improvements derived from our experience in the manufacturing of four machines since the 1960s (Plain Wire; Sloped Wire; Twin Wire C-Former; and Twin Wire S-Former). The first Crescent Former was invented in the 1970s by the multinational Kimberly Clark which held the patent until the Nineties.
Our technological innovations and more than 50 years of experience in the field of tissue ensure the highest levels of performance from the Recard Crescent Former.
Each Recard Crescent Former is designed to optimize the real operating speed of your production line. We have achieved performance of over 2000 meters per minute.
DIY guidelines for optimization of wire vacuumDevesh Singhal
This presentation indicates how paper mills can collect data from their own machines and do the optimization to reduce energy consumption and get more dryness after the wire part.
Paper dryers are occasionally shut down for periods of time ranging from a few hours to many months. It important that proper procedures be followed when shutting down dryers to be sure that the process is complete and appropriate for the duration of the shutdown.
Crescentformer general process. tissue machine VoithNelson Izaguirre
CRESCENT FORMER
The Crescent Former is the culmination of technological improvements derived from our experience in the manufacturing of four machines since the 1960s (Plain Wire; Sloped Wire; Twin Wire C-Former; and Twin Wire S-Former). The first Crescent Former was invented in the 1970s by the multinational Kimberly Clark which held the patent until the Nineties.
Our technological innovations and more than 50 years of experience in the field of tissue ensure the highest levels of performance from the Recard Crescent Former.
Each Recard Crescent Former is designed to optimize the real operating speed of your production line. We have achieved performance of over 2000 meters per minute.
This slide is about the historical development of loom
Weaving machine
Loom machine
History of loom
Horizontal loom
Vertical loom
Chronological loom
Pit loom
Frame loom
Automatic loom
Power loom
Modern loom
Air jet loom
Water loom
projectile loom
Rapier loom
Multiphase loom
Textile engineering
Single-felt dryer sections are used to enhance the runnability of high-speed paper machines. In single-felt dryer sections, the web is supported by the dryer felt (i.e., fabric) in the draws between dryers. Fabric style, air handling equipment, and runnability devices are critical to efficient operation. Steam control in bottom single-felt dryers is also important.
As the dryer pressure rating increases, the increase in steam temperature may not be sufficient to offset the increase in conductive resistance of the shell. In fact, it is possible for a dryer with a higher steam pressure rating that is operating at its rated pressure to have less drying capacity than a dryer with a lower steam pressure rating that is operating at its rated pressure.
Opening in blow room means opening into small flocks. Technological operation of opening means the volume of the flock is increased while the number of fibres remains constant
This slide is about the historical development of loom
Weaving machine
Loom machine
History of loom
Horizontal loom
Vertical loom
Chronological loom
Pit loom
Frame loom
Automatic loom
Power loom
Modern loom
Air jet loom
Water loom
projectile loom
Rapier loom
Multiphase loom
Textile engineering
Single-felt dryer sections are used to enhance the runnability of high-speed paper machines. In single-felt dryer sections, the web is supported by the dryer felt (i.e., fabric) in the draws between dryers. Fabric style, air handling equipment, and runnability devices are critical to efficient operation. Steam control in bottom single-felt dryers is also important.
As the dryer pressure rating increases, the increase in steam temperature may not be sufficient to offset the increase in conductive resistance of the shell. In fact, it is possible for a dryer with a higher steam pressure rating that is operating at its rated pressure to have less drying capacity than a dryer with a lower steam pressure rating that is operating at its rated pressure.
Opening in blow room means opening into small flocks. Technological operation of opening means the volume of the flock is increased while the number of fibres remains constant
Is life insurance tax deductible in super?Chris Strano
The various types of personal insurances you can own within superannuation and the potential deductibility of insurance premiums.
More information at
http://www.superguy.com.au/is-life-insurance-tax-deductible/
Owning a vacant building can pose serious liabilities because vacant buildings are more susceptible to vandalism, undetected repairs, fire and other losses. If you own vacant property, it is advisable to purchase Vacant Property Insurance, also known as Vacant Building Insurance or Vacant Dwelling Insurance, to protect against risks.
Bridging the gap between digital and relationship marketing - DMA 2013 Though...Lars Crama
Bridging the Gap Between Digital and Relationship Marketing: The Next Big Thing for Data-Driven Marketers. Presentation by Selligent and 2organize at DMA2013 in Chicago
Social presence theory is a central concept in online learning. Hundreds of studies have investigated social presence and online learning. However, despite the continued interest in social presence and online learning, many questions remain about the nature and development of social presence. Part of this might be due to the fact that the majority of past research has focused on students' perceptions of social presence rather than on how students actually establish their social presence in online learning environments. Using the Community of Inquiry Framework, this study explores how social presence manifests in a fully asynchronous online course in order to help instructional designers and faculty understand how to intentionally design opportunities for students to establish and maintain their social presence. This study employs a mixed-methods approach using word count, content analysis, and constant-comparison analysis to examine threaded discussions in a totally online graduate education course. The results of this study suggest that social presence is more complicated than previously imagined and that situational variables such as group size, instructional task, and previous relationships might influence how social presence is established and maintained in threaded discussions in a fully online course.
Half day workshop slides that have been presented at Computer Measurement Group for the last few years, and at Usenix 08 and LISA 08. This version is what will be presented at Usenix 09, San Diego, June 16th, along with the Solaris/Linux Performance slide deck.
Automated Visual Testing That Does Not Suckadamcarmi
Slides from my presentation on visual testing at http://www.meetup.com/GDG-Rashlatz/events/216316352/ and http://www.meetup.com/SeleniumSanJose/events/209029032/
“The ability of a textile material to absorb and retain liquids within it’s structure.”
“The ability of a fiber to absorb and hold water. The ability of a bone dry fiber to absorb moisture is called moisture regain. Some fibers adsorb moisture, that is, the water is held on the surface of the fiber, instead of being taking into the fiber. Wicking is when adsorbed moisture travels along the length of the fiber, but is not absorbed.”
DRILLING FLUIDS FOR THE HPHT ENVIRONMENTMohan Doshi
A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE DRILLING FLUIDS FOR DRILLING HPHT WELLS. HPHT WELLS ARE NOT BUSINESS AS USUAL AND THE SAME APPLIES TO HPHT DRILLING FLUIDS. THE FLUID CHEMISTRY AND THE FLUID COMPOSITION HAVE TO BE TAILORED TO MEET THE RIGORS OF THE HIGH TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENT
The Diffuser has a myriad of applications including: the drilling industry for clear water drilling applications, stripping applications for whole mud, environmental applications from sump cleanup to plant site systems for feed water clarification, boiler water cleanup and clarification, and also includes brine systems both fresh and chloride saturated. Viscous muds can be run through the system for stripping and it can even be used as a centrifuge feed system if required. It can be used offshore for stripping applications on barges being fed by multiple rigs, or land based clean- up of different types of mud systems and supplying fresh fluid to many concurrent drilling applications.
Current advancement in different gas liquid operationsSunny Chauhan
CURRENT ADVANCEMENT IN DIFFERENT GAS-LIQUID OPERATIONS,Gas Liquid operation equipment
,Extractive distillation
,Advances in Gas Absorption,High efficiency venturi scrubber
,Advances in Diffusion
,Advances in Stirred Tanks
,Advances in Distillation
,Advances in Venturi Scrubber
06 Treatment of water -Filtration and Water Softeningakashpadole
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
2. Is a mill’s Soda Loss equal to its
Soda Make-up ?
YES !!
Focus on Soda Loss, not Soda Make-up !
3. Anatomy of Soda Loss
100 #Na2SO4/ADT (total mill loss/make-up)
80 #/ADT (BSW loss) 20 #/ADT (spills/purges)
Washable Bound Pulp and Power sewers
50#/ADT 30#/ADT
- Paper sewer - paper sewer 10#/ADT – World Class
- Paper sheet - paper sheet 15#/ADT – Best Practice
20#/ADT – Go find the low hanging fruit
4.
5. Pulp and Power Sewer Losses
Good sewer flow and conductivity system
w/Alarms on PI or DCS (awareness/training)
Food for thought:
Establish conductivity round in smaller sewers to find sources
Dregs filter (<= 2#/ADT)
Slaker grit leachate (<=2#/ADT)
Digester sand separator trap
Weak wash balance
Salt cake purging
Use of sumps in recaust and evaps
6. Monthly Saltcake Reconciliation
• Properly establishes true loss/make-up with
inventory changes taken into account
• Matches make-up to measured total mill
sewer loss to insure good measurement
• Prattville Example
7. Daily Focus Big Picture
• BSW Carryover Soda Loss
• Pulp/Power Sewer Soda Loss
• Total Mill Sewer Soda Loss
8. BSW Optimization & Economics
• Visual audit
• Evaluate washing efficiencies
• Audit equipment condition during outage
• Audit controls
• Determine benefit of washing versus cost of
evaporation
• Employ dilution factor control to minimize
over washing and under washing
April 2005 Pulp Washing Training 8 of 152
9. BSW Assessment
• Separate digester washing from external
washing
• Assess washers against OEM DF/DR curves
• Assess digester against OEM DF/DR curves
• Water/Dissolved solids balance
10. Dilution Factor
1st Stage BSW
0.86
0.84
Displacement Ratio
0.82
0.80
0.78
0.76
0.74
1 2 3 4
Dilution Factor
Dilution Factor
April 2005 Pulp Washing Training 10 of 152
11. Dilution Factor
• Shower Liquor In Excess Of The Liquor In
The Discharging Pulp Mat
• DF = (lb liq/lb pulp)shower - (lb liq/lb pulp)mat
• May Be Positive Or Negative
12. Displacement Ratio
• The Ratio of DS Removed to the Maximum
Possible DS Removable
• DR = (DS vat – DS mat) / (DS vat – DS shower)
• 0.0 < DR < 1.0
13. Washer Stage Data Collection
- Inlet vat DS
- Outlet mat filtrate DS
- Outlet mat consistency* (high sensitivity/biggest chance for error)
- Shower DS
- Production rate
- Shower flow
- Inlet vat consistency** ( needed for DS and water balance)
- Washer filtrate DS** ( needed for DS and water balance)
15. DF Formula
DF = Shower flow(gpm) x 6 - 100-mat const
Production (odt/d) mat const
16. Example Problem
Is this first stage drum washer performing to
OEM standards ?
Production rate : 1154 ODT/day
Drum specific loading: 0.80 ODT/ft2
Shower flow: 1440 gpm
Discharge consistency: 14%
Vat DS: 6.41%
Mat DS: 2.88%
Shower DS: 1.76%
17. Results
DF = 1.35
OEM DR = 0.802
Tested DR = 0.759
No ! Washer is not performing to OEM standards.
Result of getting this one drum to OEM standards:
96#/ton -> 90 #/ton
Net savings is over $500M/yr
18. Drum Washer Operation
CYLINDER ROTATION
WASHING
PULP MAT
Key issues
SHOWERS
1. Uniform shower distribution TAKE-OFF
DOCTOR
INLET
2. Maximize Vat dilution BOX INLET WEIR
8-12”
3. Proper Vat level CASCADE
DISPLACEMENT
TO VAT ATMOSPHERIC
ZONE
4. Minimize air entrainment LEVEL TAKE-OFF ZONE
5. Operator training EXTRACTION
GRAVITY
ZONES
6. Keep equipment in good condition FORMATION
ZONE
7. Uniform sheet formation VACUUM
FORMATION
8. Mat thickness 1 to 2” ZONE
9. Proper vacuum
10. Good sheet take-off REPULPER
11. Temperature
12. Run Automated Controls PULP DISTRIBUTION
13. Apply defoamer at the point of the BAFFLES
problem
DILUTION
CD0024-002
20. Purpose of Wash Showers
Gently & uniformly apply wash water to the
pulp mat for optimal displacement washing.
Distribute the washer water flow
appropriately over the washing arc.
21. Washer Showers Basics
Uniform distribution
– Keep showers clean and washed off
– Keep nozzles unplugged
– Soda losses can vary 30% or better across a
washing stage due to poor shower distribution
– Consider feeding water to both sides of the
shower headers on washer larger than 18’.
– Shower pipes should be free to rotate for finite
adjustment
22. Washer Showers Basics
Low turbulence
– Apply gently / tangentially to mat, do not disturb
the mat
– Blasting the sheet with shower water tends to
aerate the stock
– Minimize roll-back, balance the shower flows to
each shower. Run back grooves the pulp mat,
causing uneven mat formation. Uneven mat
means an uneven wash.
23. Washer Showers Basics
– Shower type / arrangement
High volume / low velocity on top
Low volume / high velocity on bottom
Bottom shower as low as possible to avoid air
entrainment into sheet
Top shower in position such that filtrate is pulled
into mat before vacuum cut-off
The velocity of the shower water should be close
to the speed of the drum. Shower water should
lay on the mat gently and evenly
24.
25. Operations
Maximize Inlet Vat Dilution
• Vacuum increases with increased dilution. More flow
down the drop leg produces more vacuum.
• Typically as mills increase production, the vat dilution
pump is a constraint – Consider upgrading pump
• Mills should consider a separate shower pump which will
improve washing by reducing variability
• Maximize blow tank dilution – dilution washing starts here
26. Operations
Maximize Inlet Vat Dilution
• Ideal consistency as a result of adding dilution is 1% to 1 ½%. The
surface area of the inlet vat will appear “velvety” with little or no
flocculation
– More vat dilution will reduce entrained air, improve mat formation, induce
good vat turbulence, no dead zones, good deflocculation
– Thinner sheet for better displacement, minimizes “fingering” in mat, ideal
mat thickness is 1” – 2”
– Dilution should be as much as the washer can hydraulically handle, while
keeping the washer drum speed at an average of 2 to 2½ RPM
– If drum speed is too high, then rewetting of sheet discharge mat could
reduce washing effectiveness
27. Operations
• Vat level control – Reduce air entrainment
4-8” cascade over weir
Need some drop over weir to shear/deflock the pulp
Higher levels allow more vat dilution – it increases the
drainage area in the vat
Ensures gravity fill of drum – looser sheet, better formation,
liquor can move through sheet easier
Higher levels reduce air entry into mat
Good level indication and control tuning required
28. Consequences of Low Vat Level Operation
Total surface area = 3.14 x 11.5’=36.11’
Total Surface area lost = 11%
Submergence zone = 16’
BUT actually 25% of the
submergence zone is lost.
24”
This allows air to enter the
pulp mat which affects
April 2005 Pulp Washing Training efficiency by 5 to 10%.
28 of 152
29. Air is the Enemy
• Air bubbles interfere with wash water drainage
• Use defoamers to control air at the point of the problem
• Do not overuse defoamers – carryover will harm paper machine
runnability – it reduces surface tension which cause an increase
in machine breaks
– Measure defoamer carryover - carryover should be:
• Less than 30 PPM out of the brownstock wash system
• Less than 10 PPM out of the bleach plant
• Recommend using low molecular weight silicon defoamer
• Check to make sure defoamer is effective in the temperature
range that the washers operate
• If use increases, operators should check places where air can
enter system
30. Operations
Potential Sources of Air
• Low level in blow tank
• Low level in filtrate tanks
• Dilution injection points
Make sure dilution points are submerged. Free falling
dilution will cause foaming
• Soap build-up in first stage service tank
• Vortexing in dilution and stock pump suctions
• Poor air removal from filtrate tanks
• Improper drum washer operation
Low vat levels
Poor shower distribution
April 2005 Pulp Washing Training 30 of 152
31. Brownstock Seal Tank Design
Air is released
DROP LEG
VERTICAL
BAFFLES
Filtrate
DROP LEG ENTRY Overflows
Air & Filtrate
Separate
DROP LEG INSIDE OUTSIDE VERTICAL
SIZE DIAMETER DIAMETER OPENINGS BAFFLES
Up to 12” dia. 36” 60” 6” x 12”
300 900 1500 150 x 300
14” & 16” dia. 48” 72” 6” x 18” SIX OPENINGS
350 - 400 1200 1800 150 x 450
18” dia. 60” 84” 8” x 24”
450 1500 2150 200 x 600
20” & 22” dia. 72” 102” 10” x 24”
500 - 550 1800 2600 250 x 600
24” & 26” dia. 84” 120” 10” x 30”
600 - 700 2150 3050 250 x 750
April 2005 Pulp Washing Training 31 of 152
32. Washer Seal Tank/Dropleg Design
Dropleg Design:
• Sized for > 12 to 16 fps Drum
superficial velocity Washer
• Straight, vertical, drop
no jogs
Dropleg
Pulp
Recommended Vent Feed
ht. > 30 ft. Filtrate
Tank
Seal
Baffle Chamber
Vat
To Shower
Dilution
or Effluent EKA of 152
32 CHEMICALS
Courtesy April 2005
of Beloit Pulping Pulp Washing Training
CONFIDENTIAL & TRADE SECRET Technical Marketing & Mill Services
33. Diffuser Efficiency Keys
• Screen and backflush cycle
• Pulp and wash water distribution (orifice sizing)
• Pulp consistency and bed integrity (>10% inlet,
<14% outlet)
• Washing temperature (>160 F)
• Production Load (5-6 ADMT/d m2)
34. Screen and Backflush Cycle
*Only washing when your extracting
• Upstroke 10% faster than pulp (proportional valve)
• Quick closing time of extraction valve and wash valve
to minimum position (2-3 sec) (mech stops for wash)
• Short backflush (<= 1sec)
• Proper pressure and volume of backflush
39. Cost of Brown Stock Washing
Typical Mill Economic Relationship
4500.00
ClO2 $M/year
4000.00
NaOH $M/year
Steam $M/year
Total $M/year
3500.00
3000.00
Net Cost ($1000/year)
2500.00
2000.00
1500.00
$$ Sweet Spot $$
1000.00
500.00
0.00
April 2005
Decreasing Washing DF
Pulp Washing Training 39 of 152
Soda Loss lbs/ton (% Weak Liquor Solids)
40. Drum Wash Line Controls
Control Objectives
- Reduce soda carryover variability
- Optimize use of DF
- Wash line operating stability
- Reduce mundane low valve activities of
operator
41. Drum Wash Line Controls
Minimum Control Expectations
- Vat level control with drum speed
- Seal take levels w/cascade shower flows &
digester bypass
- Dilution factor, open loop
- On-line measurement of conductivity
42. Pulp
Wash Water In
Dirty Pulp Washer
Decker
In
Knotter Washed Pulp
Screens
Out
Filtrate Tanks
Liquor
Liquor out to
April Evaps
2005 Pulp Washing Training 42 of 152
43. BSW Improve Projects
• New high performance showers to replace old whistles, spoons,
and weirs
LaValley, Comarco Uniflows, Oramac
• Split Washing - Hot water to last washer top showers to replace
high COD condensate
• Dilution factor controls – Course control of showers
• Shower control using conductivity – Fine control of showers
• Closing decker filtrate systems – Reduced soda loss, energy
• Anti-rewet drum decks
• Training operators on the principles of drum washers
April 2005 Pulp Washing Training 43 of 152
44. Digester Washing Assessment
Compare to OEM DF/DR curve:
- Vat DS are calculated end of cook DS or upper
extraction DS
- Shower flow and DS are cold blow flow and DS
- Mat consistency and DS are blow consistency
and DS
- Filtrate flow and DS are total extraction flow
and DS