This document discusses breastfeeding and the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months. It outlines that breast milk provides all essential nutrients for an infant's growth and development. The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and continued breastfeeding for at least 12 months. The document also describes the structure of the human breast and production of milk, as well as the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative and its Ten Steps to promote breastfeeding.

1. BREASTFEEDING
BY:
MS. LAMNUNNEM HAOKIP
SENIOR TUTOR
OBG NURSING
SSNRS, SU

2.  Breast feeding is a optimal source of nutrition.
 Human milk is specie specific and it provides all the
essential nutrients necessary for growth and development
of new born infant.
 WHO recommended exclusive breastfeeding for first
6months of life,and Continuous breastfeeding for
12months.

3.  Breastfeeding is feeding an infant or young child
with breast milk directly from female human
breasts not from baby bottle or other container.

4. STRUCTURE OF HUMAN BREAST
 Human breast is one kind of gland which is responsible for
lactation.
 Made up of adipose tissues and fibrous connective tissue.
 Different hormones are responsible for development of breast &
changes during pregnancy.
 Hormones responsible for development and enlargement are
estrogen, progesterone & prolactin.
 Each breast contains 20 lobes and each lobes contains several
lobules which at the end have alveoli in which milk is produced .

5. S T R U CT U R E O F H U M A N BREAST

16. PROTECTION

17. DISADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL
BREASTFEEDING
 Interferes with bonding.
 More diarrhoea and persistent diarrhoea.
 More frequent respiratory infections.
 Malnutrition; Vitamin A deficiency.
 More allergy and milk intolerance.
 Increased risk of some chronic diseases

18.  Obesity
 Lower scores on intelligence tests
 Mother may become pregnant sooner
 Increased risk of anaemia, ovarian cancer, and
breast cancer in mother

19. OTHER OPTIONS IF BREASTFEEDING IS NOT
POSSIBLE
 Mother can still use her milk, even if she decides not to breast
feed:
- use a breast pump( electric / manual )
- cup or bowl feeding
- spoon feeding
- eye dropper or feeding syringe.
- nursing supplementer.
- get milk from donation bank .

20. BABY FRIENDLY HOSPITAL INITIATIVE
 The first few days of a newborn’s life are not only critical for the child, but
also an important window for providing mothers with the support they
need to breastfeed successfully. UNICEF and WHO launched the Baby-
Friendly Hospital Initiative to encourage health facilities worldwide to
better support breastfeeding
 The initiative developed the following Ten Steps to Successful
Breastfeeding to promote optimal clinical care for new mothers and their
infants. There is substantial evidence that implementing the Ten Steps
significantly improves breastfeeding rates

21. TEN STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL BREASTFEEDING
Critical management procedures
1. a) Comply fully with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk
Substitutes and relevant World Health Assembly resolutions. b) Have a
written infant feeding policy that is routinely communicated to staff and
parents. c) Establish ongoing monitoring and data-management
systems.
2. Ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, competence and skills to
support breastfeeding.

22. Key clinical practices
3. Discuss the importance and management of breastfeeding with pregnant
women and their families.
4. Facilitate immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact and support
mothers to initiate breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth.
5. Support mothers to initiate and maintain breastfeeding and manage
common difficulties.
6. Do not provide breastfed newborns any food or fluids other than breast
milk, unless medically indicated

23. 7. Enable mothers and their infants to remain together and to practise
rooming-in 24 hours a day.
8. Support mothers to recognize and respond to their infants’ cues for
feeding.
9. Counsel mothers on the use and risks of feeding bottles, teats and
pacifiers.
10.Coordinate discharge so that parents and their infants have timely
access to ongoing support and care.