The document discusses the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) and exclusive breastfeeding. It begins by defining the BFHI, which was introduced in 1991 by WHO/UNICEF to promote breastfeeding in hospitals. It has led to over 19,000 designated "Baby Friendly" facilities in over 125 countries. The ten steps to successful breastfeeding recommended by the BFHI are then outlined in detail. The steps include establishing breastfeeding policies, training healthcare staff, informing pregnant women of benefits, early initiation of breastfeeding, demonstrating proper technique, exclusive breastfeeding, rooming-in, on demand feeding, avoiding pacifiers/bottles, and establishing post-discharge support groups. The document concludes by emphasizing the
Immediate care involves: Drying the baby with warm towels or cloths, while being placed on the mother's abdomen or in her arms. This mother-child skin-to-skin contact is important to maintain the baby's temperature, encourage bonding and expose the baby to the mother's skin bacteria
Immediate care involves: Drying the baby with warm towels or cloths, while being placed on the mother's abdomen or in her arms. This mother-child skin-to-skin contact is important to maintain the baby's temperature, encourage bonding and expose the baby to the mother's skin bacteria
Essential newborn care Essential care of a normal newborn can be best provided by the mothers under the supervision of nursing personnel.
About 80% of newborn babies require minimal care.
The normal term baby should be kept with their mother rather than in a separate nursery.
Rooming-in promotes better emotional bondage, prevents cross-infection and establishes breast feeding easily.
Active participation of mothers in the nursing care of the baby develops self-confidence in her.
Kangaroo mother care is generally given to low birth weight babies. it is very essential for baby's health. there are many benefits of KMC as it provides warmth to he child, helps in breast feeding and helps in maintaining good attachment. please read this and get knowledge. this information will help young mothers more. stay tuned.
minor disorders of neonates and its management - shani -ppt- slideshare Shani Jyothis
minor -disorders -of neonates- and its-management - ppt-obstetrics and gynaecology.. Minor ailments are a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning. the most common minor disorders are--- stuffy nose--, sticky eyes,---vomiting
,mongolian spot,---milia,--- obstructed nasolacrimal duct----, oral thrush,--- excessive crying, ---napkin rash,--- caput succedaneum---cephal-haematoma---cradle cap---salmon patches---- epstein pearl---sucking callosities----tongue tie---subcutaneous fat necrosis--- harlequine --color- change--- nevus- vasculosus--- nevus flammeus-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is only providing the theoretical aspects of neonatal resuscitation and will be helpful for the student nurses to understand what exactly the neonatal resuscitation and compare it with practical scenario.
BREAST CARE(PRECEDURE)
PRESENTED BY – M. MANJOT KAUR GILL
DEFINITION
Breast care is the process of cleaning the breast of mother that helps in maintaining hygiene and prevent from cross infection during feeding .
PURPOSES
To clean the breast.
To detect any abnormalities.
To stimulate milk ejection .
To prevent local infection.
To prevent breast complications.
INDICATIONS
Postnatal mothers.
Before and after breastfeeding.
Cracked nipple.
Pt. who are not able to take self care.
Nipple with unhygienic conditions.
PREPRATION OF ARTICLES
Screen
Mackintosh with towel.
A bowel with 2-3 cottons.
A bowel with boiled and cool cotton swabs.(12-15)
A bowel with dry gauze pieces.(12-15)
Kidney tray/Paper bag
Nursing records.
STEPS OF PROCEDURES.
Arrange all articles .
Explain the procedure to the mother about benefit of breast care.
Provide screen for privacy.
Provide comfortable position to the mother preferable sitting position.
Spread the mackintosh with towel over the lap of the mother.
Wash hand
Stand on the right side of the mother whole giving care.
Expose both the Brest firth and check symmetry.
Inspect the Breast for size and any abnormality.
-Inverted nipple
-Cracked nipple.
-Retracted nipples
-Any sign of infection
Palpate the breast from superficial to deep for tenderness, pain, tumors, exaggerated lymph nodes, etc
Squeeze the breast and observe the secretions.
Clean the secretion with the pad and throw In paper bag.
Take the cotton swab and squeeze excess water holding the tail and keeping above the hand.
Clean the breast in the following order—nipple-primary areola-secondary areola- total breast –lower crease-axilla.
Dry the breast with gauze pieces following the same order.
Cover the further breast exposing the near one.
Inspect, palpate and squeeze in the previous manner.
Assist the mother to do hand wash for return demonstration.
Assist the mother to clean the breast in same manner.
Put the baby on to the breast.
Make the mother and baby comfortable after care.
Record any abnormal findings.
SUMMARIZATION
Definition
Purposes
Indications
Articles
Steps of procedure
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ghai, sandhya .(2018) clinical nursing procedures. New Delhi: satish kumar. Pp.613-616.
Dharitri, swain.(2017) obstetrics nursing procedure manual. New Delhi: jappee brothers. Pp. 158--159.
THANKS
kindly give your suggestion if you like this. Newborn care and safety are the activities and precautions recommended for new parents or caregivers. It is also an educational goal of many hospitals. it helpful for the students also for educative purpose.
Essential newborn care Essential care of a normal newborn can be best provided by the mothers under the supervision of nursing personnel.
About 80% of newborn babies require minimal care.
The normal term baby should be kept with their mother rather than in a separate nursery.
Rooming-in promotes better emotional bondage, prevents cross-infection and establishes breast feeding easily.
Active participation of mothers in the nursing care of the baby develops self-confidence in her.
Kangaroo mother care is generally given to low birth weight babies. it is very essential for baby's health. there are many benefits of KMC as it provides warmth to he child, helps in breast feeding and helps in maintaining good attachment. please read this and get knowledge. this information will help young mothers more. stay tuned.
minor disorders of neonates and its management - shani -ppt- slideshare Shani Jyothis
minor -disorders -of neonates- and its-management - ppt-obstetrics and gynaecology.. Minor ailments are a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning. the most common minor disorders are--- stuffy nose--, sticky eyes,---vomiting
,mongolian spot,---milia,--- obstructed nasolacrimal duct----, oral thrush,--- excessive crying, ---napkin rash,--- caput succedaneum---cephal-haematoma---cradle cap---salmon patches---- epstein pearl---sucking callosities----tongue tie---subcutaneous fat necrosis--- harlequine --color- change--- nevus- vasculosus--- nevus flammeus-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is only providing the theoretical aspects of neonatal resuscitation and will be helpful for the student nurses to understand what exactly the neonatal resuscitation and compare it with practical scenario.
BREAST CARE(PRECEDURE)
PRESENTED BY – M. MANJOT KAUR GILL
DEFINITION
Breast care is the process of cleaning the breast of mother that helps in maintaining hygiene and prevent from cross infection during feeding .
PURPOSES
To clean the breast.
To detect any abnormalities.
To stimulate milk ejection .
To prevent local infection.
To prevent breast complications.
INDICATIONS
Postnatal mothers.
Before and after breastfeeding.
Cracked nipple.
Pt. who are not able to take self care.
Nipple with unhygienic conditions.
PREPRATION OF ARTICLES
Screen
Mackintosh with towel.
A bowel with 2-3 cottons.
A bowel with boiled and cool cotton swabs.(12-15)
A bowel with dry gauze pieces.(12-15)
Kidney tray/Paper bag
Nursing records.
STEPS OF PROCEDURES.
Arrange all articles .
Explain the procedure to the mother about benefit of breast care.
Provide screen for privacy.
Provide comfortable position to the mother preferable sitting position.
Spread the mackintosh with towel over the lap of the mother.
Wash hand
Stand on the right side of the mother whole giving care.
Expose both the Brest firth and check symmetry.
Inspect the Breast for size and any abnormality.
-Inverted nipple
-Cracked nipple.
-Retracted nipples
-Any sign of infection
Palpate the breast from superficial to deep for tenderness, pain, tumors, exaggerated lymph nodes, etc
Squeeze the breast and observe the secretions.
Clean the secretion with the pad and throw In paper bag.
Take the cotton swab and squeeze excess water holding the tail and keeping above the hand.
Clean the breast in the following order—nipple-primary areola-secondary areola- total breast –lower crease-axilla.
Dry the breast with gauze pieces following the same order.
Cover the further breast exposing the near one.
Inspect, palpate and squeeze in the previous manner.
Assist the mother to do hand wash for return demonstration.
Assist the mother to clean the breast in same manner.
Put the baby on to the breast.
Make the mother and baby comfortable after care.
Record any abnormal findings.
SUMMARIZATION
Definition
Purposes
Indications
Articles
Steps of procedure
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ghai, sandhya .(2018) clinical nursing procedures. New Delhi: satish kumar. Pp.613-616.
Dharitri, swain.(2017) obstetrics nursing procedure manual. New Delhi: jappee brothers. Pp. 158--159.
THANKS
kindly give your suggestion if you like this. Newborn care and safety are the activities and precautions recommended for new parents or caregivers. It is also an educational goal of many hospitals. it helpful for the students also for educative purpose.
Babies should be breastfed and/or receive expressed human milk exclusively for the first six months of life. Breastfeeding should continue with the addition of complementary foods throughout the second half of the first year.
kindly give your comments and likes if you likes and share it to the other, and follow my link. this include the 10 steps of baby friendly hospital initiatives.
Breast feeding support in the postpartum period & benefits of BF.pptxAhmed Nasef
this lecture is one of my lectures to the students of Lactation Diploma Specialist course at Benha University
this lecture involves brief, simple and easy explanation of the measures and procedures that aid in breast feeding support in the postpartum period also the practices that decrease the chance of breast feeding support postpartum period
it also involves explanation for the wide various and valuable range of benefits of breast feeding for the mother, benefits for the new born and also benefits for the family
lactation management in postpartum period.pptxAhmed Nasef
this lecture is one of my lectures to the students of Benha Lactation specialist Diploma
this lecture involves simple and easy explanation for lactation management in the postpartum period
early practices during postpartum period that support breast feeding
Post-neonatal or Post-puerperal period practices to support breast feeding
technique of breast feeding
good positioning for breast feeding
Correct positioning benefits
bad positioning for breast feeding
good attachment for breast feeding
bad attachment for breast feeding
Maternal instructions for good attachment
Duration of the breastfeed
Preventing Inadequacy of Milk Supply
Criteria for sufficient breast milk
Danger signs for insufficient breast milk
Mothers' instruction about signs of sufficient & poor breast feeding
Precipitating factors for inadequate breast feeding
Management of inadequate Breast feeding
it contains info about infant and young child feeding guidelines ,breast feeding, complementary feeding, supplementary feeding, feeding in hiv aids, ims act etc
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
3. Definition:
• The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative was introduced in
1991 by the World Health Organization/United Nations
Children's Fund (WHO/UNICEF) to promote, protect and
support breastfeeding in the hospital or birth setting. A key
element in this promotion and support is outlined in
their Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding.
• To date, approximately 19,000 hospitals and birth centers in
about 125 countries have received the "Baby Friendly"
designation.
4. CRITERIA
Ten steps to successful breastfeeding recommended by code of
practice of WHO/ UNICEF :-
• Have a written breastfeeding policy that is routinely communicated
to all health care staff.
• Train all health care staff in skills necessary to implement this
policy.
• Inform all pregnant women about the benefits and management of
breastfeeding.
• Help mothers initiate breastfeeding within one half-hour of birth.
• Show mothers how to breastfeed and maintain lactation,even if
they should be separated from their infants.
5. • Give newborn infants no food or drink other than breast
milk, unless medically indicated.
• Practice rooming in - that is, allow mothers and infants to
remain together 24 hours a day.
• Encourage breastfeeding on demand.
• Give no artificial teats or pacifiers (also called dummies or
soothers) to breastfeeding infants.
• Foster the establishment of breastfeeding support groups
and refer mothers to them on discharge from the hospital or
clinic.
6. Step 1.
Have a written
breastfeeding policy that is routinely
communicated to all health care staff.
7. Breastfeeding policy
Why have a policy?
• Requires a course of action and provides
guidance
• Helps establish consistent care for mothers and
babies
• Provides a standard that can be evaluated
8.
9. Breastfeeding policy
What should it cover?
At a minimum, it should include:
– The 10 steps to successful breastfeeding
– An institutional ban on acceptance of free or low cost supplies of
breast-milk substitutes, bottles, and teats and its distribution to
mothers
– A framework for assisting HIV positive mothers to make informed
infant feeding decisions that meet their individual circumstances
and then support for this decision
10. Breastfeeding policy
How should it be presented?
It should be:
• Written in the most common languages understood by
patients and staff
• Available to all staff caring for mothers and babies
• Posted or displayed in areas where mothers and babies are
cared for
11.
12. Step 2.
Train all health-care staff in skills
necessary to implement this policy.
13.
14.
15. Areas of knowledge
• Advantages of breastfeeding
• Risks of artificial feeding
• Mechanisms of lactation and suckling
• How to help mothers initiate and sustain
breastfeeding
16. • How to resolve breastfeeding difficulties
• How to assess a breastfeed
• Hospital breastfeeding policies and practices
• Focus on changing negative attitudes which set
up barriers
18. Antenatal education should
include:
• Benefits of breastfeeding
• Early initiation
• Importance of rooming-in (if new concept)
• Importance of feeding on demand
• Importance of exclusive breastfeeding
• How to assure enough breastmilk
• Risks of artificial feeding and use of bottles and
pacifiers (soothers, teats, nipples, etc.)
19. • Basic facts on HIV
• Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
(PMTCT)
• Voluntary testing and counselling (VCT) for HIV and infant
feeding counselling for HIV+ women
• Antenatal education should not include group education on
formula preparation
23. New interpretation of Step 4 in the
revised BFHI Global Criteria (2006):
Place babies in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers
immediately following birth for at least an hour
Encourage mothers to recognize when their babies are
ready to breastfeed, offering help if needed.”
24. Early initiation of breastfeeding
for the normal newborn
Why?
• Increases duration of breastfeeding
• Allows skin-to-skin contact for warmth
• Provides colostrum as the baby’s first immunization
• Takes advantage of the first hour of alertness
• Babies learn to suckle more effectively
• Improved developmental outcomes
25. Early initiation of breastfeeding
for the normal newborn
How?
• Keep mother and baby together
• Place baby on mother’s chest
• Let baby start suckling when ready
• Do not hurry or interrupt the process
• Delay non-urgent medical routines for at least one
hour
26.
27.
28. Protein composition of human
colostrum
and mature breast milk (per litre)
Constituent Measure Colostrum
(1-5 days)
Mature Milk
(>30 days)
Total protein G 23 9-10.5
Casein mg 1400 1870
-Lactalbumin mg 2180 1610
Lactoferrin mg 3300 1670
IgA mg 3640 1420
29. Step 5.
Show mothers how to breastfeed and
how to maintain lactation,
even if they should be separated from
their infants
30. Contrary to popular belief, attaching the baby
on the breast is not an ability with which a
mother is [born…]; rather it is a learned skill
which she must acquire by observation and
experience.
31.
32.
33. Supply and demand
Milk removal stimulates milk production.
The amount of breast milk removed at each
feed determines the rate of milk production in
the next few hours.
Milk removal must be continued during
separation to maintain supply.
34.
35. • Step 6. Give newborn infants
no food or drink other than breast
milk unless medically indicated
36.
37.
38. • Decreased frequency or effectiveness of
suckling
• Decreased amount of milk removed from breasts
• Delayed milk production or reduced milk supply
• Some infants have difficulty attaching to breast if
formula given by bottle
39. Acceptable medical reasons for
supplementation or replacement
Infant conditions:
• Infants who cannot be BF but can receive BM include
those who are very weak, have sucking difficulties or oral
abnormalities or are separated from their mothers.
• Infants who may need other nutrition in addition to BM
include very low birth weight or preterm infants, infants at
risk of hypoglycaemia, or those who are dehydrated or
malnourished, when BM alone is not enough.
• Infants with galactosemia should not receive BM or the
usual BMS. They will need a galactose free formula.
• Infants with phenylketonuria may be BF and receive
some phenylalanine free formula.
40. Maternal conditions:
• BF should stop during therapy if a mother is taking anti-metabolites,
radioactive iodine, or some anti-thyroid medications.
• Some medications may cause drowsiness or other side effects in
infants and should be substituted during BF.
• BF remains the feeding choice for the majority of infants even with
tobacco, alcohol and drug use. If the mother is an intravenous drug
user BF is not indicated.
• Avoidance of all BF by HIV+ mothers is recommended when
replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable
and safe. Otherwise EBF is recommended during the first months,
with BF discontinued when conditions are met. Mixed feeding is not
recommended.
41. Maternal conditions
(continued):
:
• If a mother is weak, she may be assisted to position her baby so she
can BF.
• BF is not recommended when a mother has a breast abscess, but
BM should be expressed and BF resumed once the breast is
drained and antibiotics have commenced. BF can continue on the
unaffected breast.
• Mothers with herpes lesions on their breasts should refrain from BF
until active lesions have been resolved.
• BF is not encouraged for mothers with Human T-cell leukaemia
virus, if safe and feasible options are available.
• BF can be continued when mothers have hepatitis B, TB and
mastitis, with appropriate treatments undertaken.
42. Step 7. Practice rooming-in —
allow mothers and infants to
remain together —
24 hours a day.
43. • Rooming-in
• A hospital arrangement where a
mother/baby pair stay in the same room
day and night, allowing unlimited contact
between mother and infant
44.
45.
46. Rooming-in
Why?
• Reduces costs
• Requires minimal equipment
• Requires no additional personnel
• Reduces infection
• Helps establish and maintain
breastfeeding
• Facilitates the bonding process
48. • Breastfeeding on demand:
• Breastfeeding whenever the baby or
mother wants, with no restrictions on the
length or frequency of feeds
49. On demand, unrestricted
breastfeeding
Why?
• Earlier passage of meconium
• Lower maximal weight loss
• Breast-milk flow established sooner
• Larger volume of milk intake on day 3
• Less incidence of jaundice
50.
51.
52. Step 9. Give no artificial teats or
pacifiers (also called dummies
and soothers) to breastfeeding
infants.
58. Step 10.Foster the establishment of
breastfeeding support groups and
refer mothers to them on discharge
from the hospital or clinic.
59. • The key to best breastfeeding practices
is continued day-to-day support for the
breastfeeding mother within her home and
community.
60. Support can include:
• Early postnatal or clinic checkup
• Home visits
• Telephone calls
• Community services
– Outpatient breastfeeding clinics
– Peer counselling programmes
61. • Mother support groups
– Help set up new groups
– Establish working relationships with those
already in existence
• Family support system
65. Definition:
The feeding of an
infant or young child
with breast milk
directly from female
human breasts rather
than from a baby
bottle or other
container.
66. Benefits to the Baby
• Perfect nutrition
• Higher IQ
• Complete food for the first
six months
• Emotional bonding
• Prevents infections
• Prevents chronic diseases
• Easily digested
67. Benefits to the Mother
• Reduces post delivery
bleeding and anemia
• Helps delay next pregnancy
• Protective effect against
breast and ovarian cancer
• Helps to loose weight
• Emotional bonding
• Needs no preparation
68. Breastfeeding in the Correct Position
Milk producing glands
Lactiferous canaliculi
Lactiferous sinuses
Myoepithelial tissue
Adipose tissue
69. Signs of Correct Attachment
Mouth wide open
Lower lip is turned outside
Chin touching the breast
Black part of the breast not
visible below the lower lip
Large black portion of breast
and nipple including milk
collecting ducts are inside
baby’s mouth
Tongue under the teat
70. Incorrect Sucking Position
Mouth is not wide open
Chin is away from the breast
Baby is sucking only nipple
Most black portion of the
breast is outside the baby’s
mouth
Tongue away from the teat
71. Causes of Incorrect Attachment
• Use of feeding bottles. Leads to nipple
confusion
• Inexperienced mother
• Functional difficulty with the mother or the
baby
• Lack of skilled support
72. Breastmilk Production
The Prolactin reflex
Sensory Impulses
from nipple
More prolactin secreted at
night
Secreted after feed to
produce next feed
Suppresses ovulation
Baby sucking
Prolactin in blood
73. The Feeling of “Not Enough Milk”
Not True. Just a perception
Reinforce mothers:
Self confidence is must
Ensure frequent suckling
Ensure effective suckling
74. Conclusion
Exclusive Breastfeeding for First Six
Months
Being Successful-
• Initiate breastfeeding as early as possible within one hour of birth.
• Do not give the baby any prelacteal feeds
• No bottles, artificial teats or pacifier
• Breastfeeding on demand at least 8-10 times in a day and at night a
• Breastfeed in a correct position
• Build mother’s confidence to sustain good milk supply and alleviate
feeling of not enough milk.
75. • Newborn deserves
the best Nutrition,
Improved Survival,
Optimum
Development and
Healthy Life
• Breastfeeding can do
this miracle !!!
76. Indicators of adequacy :-
Adequacy of breast feeding is indicated and established by
the following:-
• Audible feeding sound while swallowing
• Let down sensation in mother’s breast
• Breast is full before the feed and soft after feed
• Wet nappies 6 or more in 24 hrs
• Frequent soft bowel movements 3 to 8 times in 24 hrs
• Average weight gain of 18-30 gm/day
• Baby sleeps well and does not cry frequently
• Baby has good muscle tone and healthy skin
77. Immunologic specificity
• Protection against
pathogens & allergens
• Kills pathogenic
organisms or modifies
their growth
• Stimulates epithelial
maturation for future
defence
• First immunization
• Protection against
common respiratory
and intestinal diseases
78. Immunologic specificity
• Colostrum = Baby’s
first vaccination
• Less risk of illness
such as:
Ear infections,
pneumonia, crohn’s
disease and other
bowel illnesses,
stomach flu and other
intestinal illnesses, ear
infections, childhood
cancers, diabetes,
arthritis, allergies,
asthma and eczema
79. Perfect food for babies
• Just the right amount of nutrients in the
right proportions
• Over 200 components in human milk
• Composition of breast milk:
-Live cells, fat, carbohydrates, proteins,
vitamins, minerals
-Less fat than most other mammals
-More lactose than other mammals
81. Benefits of breastfeeding
• For Society
-Smarter
-Healthier
-Less cost to
healthcare
system
-Stronger families
82. Benefits of breastfeeding
• To Families
-Less trips to
doctors, hospitals
-Less prescriptions
-Less stress
-Less illness
-More bonding
-Inexpensive
83. Benefits of breastfeeding
• Benefits to baby:
-Better dental health
-Increased visual
acuity
-Decreased duration
and intensity of
illnesses
-Less allergies
-Better health & less
risk of illnesses
84. Benefits of breastfeeding
• Benefits to mother:
-Psychological (Attachment,
bonding, security, skin to
skin, fulfillment of basic
needs, relationship)
-Easier weight loss
-Decreased risk of illness
(breast cancer,
osteoperosis, hemmorhage,
ovarian cancer)
-Birth control
-Pride, empowerment,
fulfillment
86. Why some mothers choose formula
vs. breast milk
• Distressed by physical
discomfort of early
breastfeeding problems.
• Convenience issues
• Pressures of
employment/school
• Worries that breast shape will
change
• Formula manufacturers
manipulate people through their
ads
• Doctors and nurses need more
lactation training
87. Why some mothers choose formula
vs. breast milk
• Moms given very little time
to adjust to changes of
postpartum
• Family demands
• Non-supportive family/health
professionals
• Embarrassment
• Lack of confidence in self
• Feeling that one cannot
produce enough milk
88. Mother’s milk vs. formula milk
• Human milk is designed
to support the
development of large
brains, capable of
processing and storing
lots of information.
• Cows milk is designed
to support functions,
like constant grazing.
89. Illness Relative risk
• Allergies, eczema 2 to 7
times
• Urinary tract infections 2.6 to
5.5 times
• Inflammatory bowel disease
1.5 to 1.9 times
• Diabetes, type 1 2.4 times
• Gastroenteritis 3 times
• Hodgkin's lymphoma 1.8 to
6.7 times
• Otitis media 2.4 times
• Haemophilus influenzae
meningitis 3.8 times
• Necrotizing enterocolitis 6 to
10 times
90. Illness Relative risk
• Pneumonia/lower
respiratory tract
infection 1.7 to 5 times
• Respiratory syncytial
virus infection 3.9 times
• Sepsis 2.1 times
• Sudden infant death
syndrome 2.0 times
• Industrialized-world
hospitalization 3 times