The document discusses automotive braking systems. It describes how braking systems work by converting the kinetic energy of a moving vehicle into heat energy through friction between braking components. The main types of braking systems are disc brakes and drum brakes. Key components of braking systems include calipers, rotors, pads, master cylinders, lines, and wheel cylinders. The hydraulic system pressurizes brake fluid to activate the brakes when the pedal is depressed.
This is mechanical engineering presentation on power steering system. In this presentation i describe basics of power steering and their history. I hope it will help you for your engineering and you can understand better about mechanical engineering.
This is mechanical engineering presentation on power steering system. In this presentation i describe basics of power steering and their history. I hope it will help you for your engineering and you can understand better about mechanical engineering.
1) Suspension is the term given to the
system of springs, shock absorbers and
linkages that connect a vehicle to its
wheels
3) Serve a dual purpose – contributing to the
car's handling and braking.
2) Protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or
luggage from damage and wear
Chassis is the main support structure of the vehicle which is also known as ‘Carrying Unit’. It bears all the stresses on the vehicle in both static and dynamic conditions.”
Active suspension System of Automobiles.Mayank khare
An active suspension system,has the capability to adjust itself continuously to changing road conditions. It "artificially" extends the design parameters of the system by constantly monitoring and adjusting itself, thereby changing its character on an ongoing basis. It's schizophrenic, if you will, but with a purpose. With advanced sensors and microprocessors feeding it information all the time, its identity remains fluid, contextual, amorphous. By changing its character to respond to varying road conditions, active suspension offers superior handling, road feel, responsiveness and safety.
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EBD is an automobile brake technology that automatically varies the amount of force applied to each of a vehicle's wheels based on road conditions, speed, loading on wheel etc.
Frame and Body of Automobile
Introduction to chassis, Classification of chassis, Conventional chassis,
Semi forward chassis, Full forward chassis, Engine at the front, Engine at the rear, Engine in mid, Frame of the automobile, Function of Frame, types of frame, conventional frame, semi-integral frame, integral frame, defects in chassis, Body of the automobile, types of the body in automobile,
1) Suspension is the term given to the
system of springs, shock absorbers and
linkages that connect a vehicle to its
wheels
3) Serve a dual purpose – contributing to the
car's handling and braking.
2) Protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or
luggage from damage and wear
Chassis is the main support structure of the vehicle which is also known as ‘Carrying Unit’. It bears all the stresses on the vehicle in both static and dynamic conditions.”
Active suspension System of Automobiles.Mayank khare
An active suspension system,has the capability to adjust itself continuously to changing road conditions. It "artificially" extends the design parameters of the system by constantly monitoring and adjusting itself, thereby changing its character on an ongoing basis. It's schizophrenic, if you will, but with a purpose. With advanced sensors and microprocessors feeding it information all the time, its identity remains fluid, contextual, amorphous. By changing its character to respond to varying road conditions, active suspension offers superior handling, road feel, responsiveness and safety.
Electronic Brake force distribution (EBFD)Felis Goja
EBD is an automobile brake technology that automatically varies the amount of force applied to each of a vehicle's wheels based on road conditions, speed, loading on wheel etc.
Frame and Body of Automobile
Introduction to chassis, Classification of chassis, Conventional chassis,
Semi forward chassis, Full forward chassis, Engine at the front, Engine at the rear, Engine in mid, Frame of the automobile, Function of Frame, types of frame, conventional frame, semi-integral frame, integral frame, defects in chassis, Body of the automobile, types of the body in automobile,
“An object remains in its state of rest or in motion until and unless acted upon by an external force” Newton’s first law of motion, this law by Sir Isaac Newton gave rise to the development of braking system in an automobile, developing an automobile vehicle not only requires the power source but also the efficient braking system as higher the horse power higher will be the brake force required to stop or de accelerate that vehicle. This thought gave rise to many researches in the field of braking and results in its evolution due to which today we have flexibility in choosing a suitable braking system according to our need. So let’s just start our article with the curiosity about the various types of braking system.
In an automobile vehicle, a braking system is an arrangement of various linkages and components (brake lines or mechanical linkages, brake drum or brake disc , master cylinder or fulcrums etc) that are arranged in such a fashion that it converts the vehicle’s kinetic energy into the heat energy which in turn stops or de accelerate the vehicle.
The conversion of kinetic energy into heat energy is a function of frictional force generated by the frictional contact between brake shoes and moving drum or disc of a braking system.
This Presentation is on the internship being done in the Hyundai Company and personal observation been made. This presentation covers in detail about the Engine and it components,Braking System, Air Conditioning System and Steering System.
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
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The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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3. PURPOSE OF BRAKING
SYSTEM
Stop
the vehicle by converting the kinetic energy of
the vehicle to heat energy.
Heat energy is created in the brakes by friction.
Friction is created between a moving and a nonmoving surface at each wheel to generate the heat.
Disc and drum brakes are the most common type of
braking systems used.
3
4. Factors Effecting Braking*
Number
of wheels braking.
Weight of vehicle.
Type of friction material.
Surface area of friction
material.
Size or discs or drums
Tire
traction.
Road surface.
Load transfer.
Incline or decline of road.
(gravity)
Engine braking.
Pressure applied
4
5. Types of Braking Systems
Service
brakes. It’s
the primary braking
system using a the
pedal connected to a
hydraulic system
causing it to operate.
Parking brakes. It’s
mechanically applied
by a lever or pedal.
5
7. DISC BRAKES
Disc
brakes use a
rotating disc with
two stationary
friction pads that are
pressed against to
rotor by the caliper
to create friction and
heat.
Disc brakes are
more effective at
dissipating heat.
7
24. Master Cylinder
The master cylinder displaces brake fluid under
pressure to brake system.
When brake pedal is depressed, push rod moves the
primary piston forward in the cylinder.
Hydraulic pressure created and the force of the
primary piston spring moves the secondary piston
forward.
forward movement of the pistons causes primary
cups to cover bypass holes, hydraulic pressure
builds up and is transmitted to the wheel cylinders.
24
25. MASTER CYLINDER
pedal
retracts, the pistons allow fluid from
the reservoir to fill the chamber
Special sensors within the master cylinder
used to monitor level of fluid in reservoir,
and alerts driver if pressure imbalance
develops.
standard dual master cylinder gives front
and rear brakes separate hydraulic systems.
25
26. Master Cylinder
If
a brake fluid leak occurs in one system,
the other system will still operate, making it
possible to. . .
STOP THE CAR
26
32. Brake Lines
Brake lines are stee
tubing with copper
and lead coatings to
prevent rust and
corrosion. As the
brake pedal is
depressed, it moves
pistons within the
master cylinder and
forcing hydraulic
brake fluid
32
33. Brake Lines
Throughout the brake
system and into the wheel
(or brake) cylinders.
The pressure placed
upon this fluid causes the
cylinder pistons to
move, forcing the brake
shoes or friction pads and
brake drums or
rotors to slow the
vehicle.
33
41. BRAKE INSPECTION
Remove
all four wheels of the vehicle.
On drum brakes remove the drums and
wash brake dust with proper cleaner.
Check brake pads and brakes shoes for
wear.
Check drums and rotors for wear and
damage.
41
42. Brake Fluid
Litmus
test
Color
Non
compressible
Resists boiling
High &low
temperature stability
Non-corrosive to
rubber parts
Hydroscopic
– Absorbs water
42
47. ABS
Wheel
locks upreduces power to that
wheel
Pulsates brakes if
sliding
Pulsates brakes on hard
braking
Stops vehicle under
control
NOT faster
47