hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Welcome To Our Presentation

2. REPRESENTED BY
Name ID
Joynal Abedin 12307088
Md. Riaziul Hasan 13307116
Md. Kawsar Alam 14107068
Md. Al Amin 14107070
Md. Shamim Hasan 14207113
Md. Mizanur Rahman 15207015
Md. Sujon Babu 15207019
Abdul Alim 15207038
Amit Mazumder 15207041
Md. Shahadat Hosen 15207052
Md. Enamul Haque 15207060
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3. TABLE OF CONTEXT
 What is Cooling system.
 Reasons for cooling.
 Effect for Over-Cooling.
 Types of Cooling system.
 Air cooling system.
 Advantages of Air-Cooling system.
 Disadvantages of Air-cooling system.
 Liquid cooling system.
 Types of Liquid Cooling system.
 Thermo Siphon System.
 Evaporative cooling system.
 Forced circulation cooling system.
 Non-Return Water Cooling System.
 Parts of Liquid System.
 Types of Radiator.
 Parts of cooling system.
 Advantages of Liquid Cooling System.
 Disadvantages of Liquid Cooling System.
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4. Definition of lubrication:
Lubrication is the action of
applying a substance such as oil
or grease to an engine or
component so as to minimize
friction and allow smooth
movement.
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5.  LUBRICATION SYSTEM : Fluid which is
introduced in between moving parts in order to reduce
the friction, generated heat & wear and tear of machine
parts are called Lubricants. This process of introducing
lubricant is called Lubrication system.
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6. Functions of lubricants:
Reduces the frictional resistance.
Reduces wear & tear, surface deformation.
Acts as a coolant.
Provides protection against corrosion.
Acts as a seal in some cases.
 Improves the efficiency of the machine.
To reduce the noise created by the moving parts.
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7.  Types of Lubrication System:
 Mist lubrication system.
 Wet sump lubrication system.
 Dry sump lubrication system.
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8. Components of Lubrication
system:
Oil pan
Oil pump
Pressure regulator
Oil filter
By-pass valve
Oil galleries
Pressure indicator
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9. Oil sump/ Oil pan:
• Made of Sheet Metal with baffle plates inside
•Storage reservoir for oil (Holds 3 to 6 liters)
•Plug on bottom to drain.
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10.  Oil Filters:
• Micro-porous paper filters used to screen out particles.
• Most filters are of the cartridge type.
• Remove harmful materials
• Two Types – Full Flow – Bypass
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11. Oil Pump:
Driven by camshaft, crankshaft All types of
oil pumps use a pick-up screen in the sump
and a pressure regulator.
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12.  Rotary Oil Pump:
 Rotary Oil Pump May be shaft, gear or chain
driven. Inner rotor driven by pump shaft. Inner rotor
drives outer rotor. Oil is forced from input to output
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13.  Crankshaft-Driven Pump :
 Drive splines on crankshaft. Outer gear (rotor)
driven by inner gear. Inner gear (rotor) driven by
crankshaft. Pump housing at front of engine.
Pump insert holds drive within housing. Main seal.
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14. Gear Pump:
Pump shaft drives one gear. Other
gear rotates. Low pressure at input.
High pressure at output.
Oil Level Indicators:
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Oil Level Indicators. The Oil Level
Indicator (OLI) was developed in
response to the need of
maintenance professionals to
gauge the oil level inside large
tanks, gearboxes and reservoirs.
The OLI is a clear acrylic column
with 1/2" NPT threads at each end

15. Pressure Relief Valve:
•Fitted between the pump and the filter
•Used to prevent damage to the engine
due to too much oil pressure.
Oil Pressure Indicator:
•Light or Gauge.
The light turns on or gauge reads low
when the pressure drops below
10psi.
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16. Mist lubrication system:
Used where crankcase lubrication is not suitable. (In two stroke
engine, as the charge is compressed in the crankcase, it is not
possible to have the lubrication oil in the sump. Hence mist
lubrication is used in practice). Mist lubrication system 16
Mist lubrication system

17. Working Principle:
The charge is compressed in the crankcase, and as such it is not suitable to have
the lubricating oil in the sump.
Therefore, such engines are lubricated by adding 3 % to 6 % oil in the fuel tank
itself. The oil and fuel mixture is inducted through the carburetor.
The fuel gets vaporized and the oil, in the form of mist, goes into the cylinder
through the crankcase.
The oil that impinges the crankcase walls lubricates the main and connecting rod
bearings, and the rest of the oil lubricates the piston, piston rings and cylinder.
 The main advantage with this system lies in the simplicity and low cost as the
system does not require any oil pump, filter etc.
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18. Wet sump lubrication system:
The wet sump system is employed in relatively small engines, such
as automobile engines. In this system a big oil sump is provided at
the base of crank case. From the sump the oil is pumped to
different parts of the engine. After lubricating the parts the oil
flows back to the sump by gravity.
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19.  The main types of wet sump lubrication system are:
1. The splash system
2. The splash and pressure system
3. The pressure feed system
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20. The splash system:
This type of lubrication system is used in light duty engines.
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21. Working Principle:
• The lubricating oil charged in to the bottom of the crankcase and maintained at
predetermined level.
•The oil is drawn by a pump and delivered through a distributing pipe in to the
splash troughs
• A splashier or dipper is provided under each connecting road cap.
•Oil dripping from the cylinders and bearings flows by gravity back into the wet
sump where it is picked up by a pump and recalculated through the engine
lubrication system.
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22. The splash and pressure system:
In this system lubrication oil is applied to the engine parts under pressure
using a pressure pump . 22

23. Working Principle:
The lubricating oil is supplied under pressure to main and camshaft bearings
 The oil is also supplied under pressure to pipes which direct a stream of oil
against the dippers on the big end connecting rod bearing cup
 The crankpin bearings are lubricated by the splash or spray of oil thrown up
by dipper.
Oil dripping from the cylinders and bearings flows by gravity back into the
wet sump where it is picked up by a pump and recalculated through the engine
lubrication system.
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24. The pressure feed system:
The pressure feed system is a mechanical system of lubricating
used in internal combustion
engines, in which a pump forces oil into the engine bearings
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25. Working Principle:
•In Pressure Feed System Oil is drawn from the sump by an oil pump through an
oil strainer.
•The strainer is a fine mesh screen which prevents foreign particles from entering
the oil circulating system.
•A pressure relief valve is provided which automatically keep the delivery
pressure constant and can b set to any value.
•When the oil pressure exceed that for which the valve is set, the valve open and
allow some of the oil to return to the sump thereby reliving the oil pressure in the
system.
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26. Dry sump lubrication system:
It is used in situations when a wet sump cannot cope with
the oil supply, in unusual or extreme conditions; Heavy
acceleration (racing cars), Off road driving, steep hills and
uneven surfaces It uses an additional pump as well as a
remote oil tank
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27. Working principle:
•An oil pump draws oil from the supply tank and circulates it under pressure to
the various bearings of the engine
• Oil dripping from the cylinders and bearings in to the sump is removed by a
scavenging pump which in turn the oil is passed through a filter and fed back to
the supply tank
• The capacity of scavenging pump is always greater than the oil pump
• A separate oil cooler provided to remove heat from the oil
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28. COOLING SYSTEM OF IC ENGINE
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An automobile's cooling system is the collection of parts and
substances (coolants) that work together to maintain the
engine's temperature at optimal levels. Comprising many
different components such as water pump, coolant, a
thermostat etc. the system enables smooth and efficient
functioning of the engine at the same time protecting it from
damage

29.  Classification of cooling system: In order to cool the
engine a cooling medium is required. On the basis of medium
,in general use for cooling I.C. engine ,types of cooling system
are
1. Air or direct cooling system.
2. Liquid or indirect cooling system.
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Components:
Water Jacket:
Designed to keep engine block
and cylinder head cool.
Water Pump:
Draws the coolant from the radiator,
through the lower radiator hose, and then
forces it through the water jackets, back
into the radiator.

31.  Thermostat :Thermostat placed between the cylinder
head and top radiator hose. he thermostat's main job is to
allow the engine to heat up quickly, and then to keep the
engine at a constant temperature
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32.  Radiator :Radiator is a heat exchanger that removes
heat from the coolant passing through it. The purpose of
radiator is to provide a large amount of cooling surface
area so that water passing downward through it in thin
stream is cooled efficiently. 32

33.  Fan: The fan is mounted on the impeller spindle driven
by a suitable belt pulley arrangement .Fan draws air
through the radiator at low speeds. 33

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Working Principle of Air Cooled System:
In air cooled system a current of air made to flow past the outside of the
cylinder barrel ,outer surface area which has been considerably increased
by providing cooling fins.
The amount of heat dissipated to air depends upon : Amount of air
flowing through the fins.
Fin surface area.
Thermal conductivity of metal used for fins.

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Liquid Cooling System:
A liquid is circulated around the cylinders and absorb heat from
the cylinder walls and cylinder head. Coolant absorbs heat as it
passes through the engine and also lubricates the water pump.
•Hot coolant enters the radiator in which the heat is passed on to
air that is flowing through the radiator.

36.  Types of Liquid Cooling System:
1) Thermo-syphon system
2) Forced circulation cooling system
3) Evaporative cooling system
4) Direct or non- return system 36

37.  Thermo-syphon system:
 In this system the circulation of water is due to
difference in temperature of water. So in this system
pump is not required but water is circulated because of
density difference only
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Forced circulation cooling system :
This system is used in a large number of vehicles like cars, buses,
trucks and other heavy vehicles. Here, circulation of water
takes place with convection currents helped by a pump.

39.  Evaporative cooling system: In this system , the
engine will be cooled because of the evaporation of the
water in the cylinders into steams. It is used for cooling
of many types of industrial engines.
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40.  Direct or non- return system: This is suitable for
large installations and where plenty of water is available.
The water from a storage tank is directly supplied to the
engine cylinder. The hot water is not cooled for reuse but
simply discharges. 40

41. ADVANTAGES OF LIQUID COOLING SYSTEM
 Uniform cooling of cylinder, cylinder head and valves.
 fuel consumption of engine improves by using water
cooling system.
 The Engine need not be provided at the front end of
moving vehicle because of cooling system.
 Engine is less noisy as compared with air cooled
engines, as it has water for damping noise.
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42. DISADVANTAGES OF LIQUID COOLING SYSTEM
 It depends upon the supply of water.
 The water pump which circulates water absorbs
considerable power.
 If the water cooling system fails then it will result in
several damage of engine.
 The water cooling system is costlier as it has more
number of parts.
 Also it requires more maintenance and care for its parts.
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43. CONCLUSION:
A cooling system must be provided not only to prevent
damage to the vital parts of the engine (due to high
temperature), but the temperature of these components
must be maintained within certain limits in order to obtain
maximum performance from the engine.
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