The block caving mining method involves undercutting masses of ore to induce caving and allow the broken ore to be extracted below using gravity. It is unlike sublevel caving in that both ore and rock cave together in a columnar fashion to the surface, resulting in massive subsidence. Development for block caving is extensive due to the need for haulageways, laterals, crosscuts and additional sublevels for equipment. Ore is extracted through drawpoints, chutes or trenches under the block. The cycle involves drilling, blasting of the undercut, secondary blasting, loading through passes or draws and haulage. It has high productivity but also large scale caving and subsidence with draw control and dilution being