Biotin is a B vitamin that acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. It is essential for cell growth and DNA/RNA replication. Biotin deficiency can cause dermatitis, hair loss, and neuromuscular dysfunction with symptoms like scaly skin, rash, hypotonia, and depression. Good dietary sources of biotin include eggs, organ meats, nuts, dairy, and whole grains.

1. Biotin
(vitamin B7)
Maria Elisa Belarso
BSN 2-C

2. Index
•Introduction to BiotinIntroduction to Biotin
•Line StructureLine Structure
•3D Structure3D Structure
•Biochemical and Metabolic FunctionsBiochemical and Metabolic Functions
•Dietary RequirementsDietary Requirements
•Dietary SourcesDietary Sources
•Biochemical andBiochemical and
Metabolic ReactionsMetabolic Reactions
•Deficiencies andDeficiencies and
DisordersDisorders
•SummarySummary
•Biotin does notBiotin does not
initiates muscle pain.initiates muscle pain.
•hypotoniahypotonia

3. Meet Biotin!
• Biotin is a member of the B vitamin family.
• Biotin is sulfur containing and water
soluble.
• The primary function is a coenzyme in
carbohydrate, protein, and lipid
metabolism.
• Essential for cell growth and replication of
DNA and RNA.
• Biotin is synthesized by bacteria, yeast,
and fungi. It is also produced in small
amounts in the human large intestine.

4. Line Structure

5. 3-D Structure

6. Biochemical and Metabolic Functions
• Aids in maintaining blood sugar.
• Metabolizes lipids, proteins, and
carbohydrates.
• Maintains hair, nails, skin, and sweat
glands.
• Assists with muscle pain.
• Prevents baldness and graying hair.

7. Dietary Requirements
• The daily average intake for adults 19
years and older is 30-100 µg/day.
• Most filipinos consume 28-42 µg/day.

8. Dietary Sources
• Biotin is found in these food sources:
-egg yolk
-organ meat
-poultry
-milk & cheese
-whole grains, rice
-salmon
Best source of Biotin
Biotin can be found in nuts –almonds,peanuts
etc, but those aren’t really useful sources.
However, carrots, bananas & avocados (in
smoothies), and papaya are good sources.

9. Biochemical and Metabolic Reactions
• Egg White Injury: AVIDIN
-Research with rats that were fed egg
white protein showed the symptoms of
biotin deficiency.
-Avidin is a glycoprotein found in egg
whites.
-Avidin binds very tightly to biotin
preventing its absorption.
-When egg whites are cooked the avidin is
denatured and is digested by proteolytic
enzymes.

10. Biochemical and Metabolic Reactions
• Biotin is the coenzyme for 4 carboxylases.
1.Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase: found in the
mitochondria; catalyzes the carboxylation of
Acetyl CoA to Malonyl CoA.
2.Pyruvate carboxylase: found in the
mitochondria; catalyzes the carboxylation of
pyruvate to form oxaloacetate.
3.Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase: found in the
mitochondria; involved in the metabolism of L-
leucine.
4.Propionyl-CoA carboxylase: involved in the
metabolism of L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-threonine,
and L-methionine.

11. Deficiencies and Disorders
• Dermatitis
• Hair Loss
• Neuromuscular dysfunction
• Signs & Symptoms:
-scaly skin
-rash around eyes, nose, mouth, and ears
-hypotonia
-depression
-lethargy
-loss of appetite
-high cholesterol

12. Dermatitis
Skin inflammation is one of the common
symptoms of biotin deficiency. The common form of
dermatitis that is found in people who are suffering
from biotin deficiency is seborrhoeic dermatitis.
This disease causes flaking and itching on the scalp
that may lead to balding. Children who are affected
by this condition may suffer from muscle pain and
hair problems. Symptoms such as thinning of hair,
red-scaly skin and brittle nails are common signs of
biotin deficiency. A proper supplement of biotin may
reduce muscle cramps in kids.

13. Biotin deficiency manifests in
symptoms such a hair loss, a scaly red
rash in the face around the mouth,
nose, eyes, and genitals, as well as
depression, lethargy, hallucination,
and peripheral neuropathy, such as
tingling and numbness of the arms
and legs.

14. Summary:
• Biotin is a coenzyme that is used in the
metabolism of lipids, proteins, and
carbohydrates.
• Biotin is known for maintaining hair,
skin, and nails.
• Biotin is found in many natural food
sources.

15. • References:
• Bullock, W.,2008, Nursing files, “life
ahead vitamin deficiencies”. Poland.
Page 346.
• ChemistryOfLife.com.ph
• www.wikipedia.net
• http://dailyglowp465.com.marivick
graham.ph

16. •Thank You!