Terpenes are a large class of secondary metabolites produced by plants that are built from isoprene units. They are hydrocarbons or oxygenated derivatives that are synthesized in plants through two pathways: the mevalonate pathway which occurs in the cytosol and is regulated by the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, and the methylerythritol phosphate pathway which occurs in the leucoplast and is regulated by DXP reductase. Terpenes were first termed by Kekule in 1866 and are derived from the German word for turpentine.

1. BY SHRUSHTI JOSHI
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2.  Terpenes are a large and diverse class of secondary
metabolite produced by plants.
 Terpene, a class of hydrocarbons occurring widely in
plants and animals and empirically regarded as built
up from isoprene, a hydrocarbon consisting of five
carbon atoms attached to eight hydrogen atoms
(C5H8). The term is often extended to the terpenoids,
which are oxygenated derivatives of these
hydrocarbons.

4.  The name "terpene" is derived from the german word
“terpentine “
 Kekule in 1866 first termed terpenes.

5.  Terpenes are biosynthesized from primary metabolite
in at least 2 ways
1. Mevalonate pathway
2. Methylerythritol phosphate pathway

6.  Discovered by Lynen and Bloch in 1950.
 Takes place in the cytosol.
 Rate limiting enzyme in this pathway is HMG-CoA
reductase.

8.  Discovered by Lichtenthaler in 1999
 Takes place in leucoplast.
 Rate limiting enzyme is DXP reductase.

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