Cell communication allows cells to communicate through direct contact or chemical signals. Cell signaling involves cells detecting signals through receptors on their membranes, which leads to a response. A new discovery found that the PERK protein, known to detect protein folding errors, also coordinates communication between the inside and outside of cells. This opens possibilities for cancer, Alzheimer's, and diabetes research. PERK establishes contact between the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane to help restore calcium levels and maintain cell functions under stress.

1. CELL COMMUNICATION
AND SIGNALING
BY:
SHRUSHTI JOSHI
164551

2. CELL COMMUNICATION
Definition: Any of several ways in
which living cells of an organism
communicate with one another,
whether by direct contact between
cells or by means of chemical signals
carried by neurotransmitter
substances, hormones, and cyclic
AMP.

3. TYPES OF CELL
COMMUNICATION

4. CELL SIGNALLING
 Cell signaling is part of any
communication process that governs
basic activities of cells and
coordinates all cell actions.
 The ability of cells to perceive and
correctly respond to their
microenvironment is the basis of
development, tissue repair, and
immunity as well as normal tissue
homeostasis

5.  Cells detect signals with Cell
Receptors on their plasma
membrane, which are usually
Glycoproteins or Glycolipids. The
signalling molecule binds to the
Repeptor because its shape is
complementary. This then instigates
a chain of reaction within the cell,
leading to a response.

6. BASIC MECHANISM

7. CASE STUDY
Cell Communication Discovery Opens
up new Possibilities for Cancer
Research
NCBES
National Centre for
Biomedical Engineering
Science
Dr. Afshin-Samali

8. PERK opens line of
communication between
inside and outside of the cell
PERK is known to detect protein folding
errors in the cell. Researchers at the
Laboratory of Cell Death Research &
Therapy at KU Leuven have now
revealed a hidden perk: the protein also
coordinates the communication between
the inside and the outside of the cell.
These findings open up new avenues for
further research into treatments for
cancer, Alzheimer’s, and diabetes.

10. PERK BACKGROUND
 Protein kinase-like endoplasmic
reticulum kinase (PERK) is an eIF2α
kinase and transmembrane protein
resident in the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) membrane that couples ER
stress signals to translation inhibition
(1-3). ER stress increases the activity
of PERK, which then phosphorylates
eIF2α to promote reduced translation.

11. CONCLUSION
 PERK protein is known to play a
crucial role in maintaining ER
functions and restoring them if
necessary
 It also coordinates the communication
between the protein folding factory
(the ER) and the plasma membrane.
 the protein establishes contact
between the two cell components so
that they can work together to restore
the calcium level.

12. REFERENCES
 Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th
edition.
 http://ncbes.nuigalway.ie
 .lumenlearning.com
 University of Kent
 reference.md

13. THANK YOU