This document outlines a presentation on biometric authentication. It discusses authentication and its types, biometrics and why they are used, the characteristics and modes of biometric systems, different biometric techniques including fingerprint, face, iris, hand geometry and voice recognition, a comparison of techniques, applications and limitations. The working process of a biometric system including enrollment, authentication, capturing, pre-processing, feature extraction and matching is also summarized.

1. Prepared By :
AKASH DEEP
MAURYA
1351110002

2. Presentation Outlines
 Authentication & Its types
 Biometric & Why use it ?
 Characteristics & Modes
 Working of Biometric System
 Different Techniques
 Comparison b/w Different techniques
 Application of Biometric Authentication
 Limitations
 Conclusion
 References

3. Authentication
 Act of confirming something or giving
privileges to access something.
 Process of giving someone identity-he or she
can access that particular application or data.
 For e.g. : Giving identity-card to a student of
an institute.

4. Types of Authentication
 Passwords, PIN
 Smart card or Swipe card
 Biometric

5. Biometric
“ something that you are ”
 Two Greek words Bio(Life) and Metric(To Measure).
 Measures and Analyzes - biological traits - human being.
 Automated recognition of an individual - behavioral or
physical characteristics.
 Provides privacy to personal data & high security to
confidential, financial transactions.

6. Why Biometric ?
 Identity theft is not possible
 Password remembrance problem does not exist
 Cannot be predicted or hacked
 Cannot be shared
 Perceived as more secure
 Accuracy

7. Characteristics of a Biometric
Recognizing an individual based on two main characteristics :
 Physical characteristics are related to physical shape of the
body. For e.g. Fingerprint, face, hand geometry, iris etc.
 Behavioral characteristics are related to the behavior of a
person. For e.g. Voice pitch, speaking style, typing rhythm,
signature etc.

8. Modes of Biometric System
Identification
 One-to-many comparison.
 It search for a sample against a database of templates.
 It identifies an unknown individual.
 For e.g. Who is “x” ?
Verification
 One-to-one comparison.
 It compares a sample against a single stored template.
 It verifies the individual’s identity.
 For e.g. Is this “x” ?

9. Working process
 Enrollment : In this stage, Information captured-sensing
device-stored in database for later comparison. When someone
uses biometric for the first time then the stage is called
enrollment.
 Authentication : Registered biometric sample during the
enrollment process are matched against newly capturing
biometric sample.

10. Working of Biometric System
Steps :
 Capturing
 Pre-processing
 Feature Extraction
 Template Creation
 Matcher/Comparison
 Application Device

11. Different biometric technique
Fingerprint technology :
 Oldest and most widely used.
 Registered points are located and compared.
 Optical sensors are used for scanning purpose.
 Affects by impression angle, pressure, dirt, moisture etc.
 It can be used for many applications like pc login security,
voting system, attendance system etc.

12. Face Recognition Technology :
 For automatic identification or verification of a person from a
digital image.
 These include the position/size/shape of the eyes, nose,
cheekbones and jaw line.

13. Iris Recognition Technology :
 It measures the iris pattern of the eye i.e. the colored part of
the eye that surrounds the pupil.
 The iris scanner analyzes features like rings, furrows, and
freckles existing in the colored tissue surrounding pupil.
 Iris pattern is not changed over years or by glasses, contact
lenses.

14. Hand Geometry Technology :
 Uses hand images for identification or verification.
 Person identification utilizes hand images to extract a number
of features such as length, width, thickness, finger area etc.
 Measures the digits of the hand and compares to those
collected at the time of enrollment.
 Places hand on the system which takes the three dimensional
image of the hand.

15. Voice Recognition Technology :
 Validate user’s claimed identity using
their voice.
 It uses the pitch, pattern, tone,
frequency, rhythm of speech for
identification purposes.
 A telephone or microphone can act as a
sensor.

16. Comparison between Different
Technique

17. Applications Limitations
 Criminal identification
 Internet Banking
 Attendance system
 Airport, Bank security
 PC login security
 Prevents unauthorized access to
private data.
 Presence of noise in the sensed
data.
 Variations in the enrolled data
i.e. change in age, disease,
environment etc.
 Non-universality
 It is an expensive security
solution.

18. Conclusion
 Security of e-commerce or e-government sites -
Enhanced
 The Greatest strength of the biometric system is that
they does not change over time so it is much more
efficient than other traditional security mechanism.
 Accuracy, performance, effectiveness & suitability of
the security systems can be increased.

19. References
 Wikipedia :
http:en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometric_authentication
 Google Search Engine