This document provides an overview of biometric authentication techniques. It discusses what biometric authentication is, the different types of biometric techniques including fingerprint, face, iris, hand geometry, and voice recognition. It covers how biometric systems work, performance metrics, applications, limitations, and concludes that biometric authentication provides strong security for applications like e-commerce and e-government by utilizing unique physical and behavioral human traits.
Star Link Communication Pvt. Ltd., India's leading manufacturer of biometric attendance system and access control system, brings you this slideshow about biometrics and how the technology works.
Star Link Communication Pvt. Ltd., India's leading manufacturer of biometric attendance system and access control system, brings you this slideshow about biometrics and how the technology works.
Firstly used on the Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS), fingerprint biometrics is now adapted to parallel markets such as Physical Access Control, Logical Access Control, Secured Payment Solutions and applications OEM. These devices profit from the vast expertise acquired by AFIS systems, while using the latest technology.
Multimodal biometric systems are those that utilize more than one physical or behavioural characteristic for enrolment , verification, or identification.
In the age of Biometric Security taking over the traditional security features, this is a small intro to the Biometric features one can use to enhance the security. The various modalities have been explained.
The Survey of Architecture of Multi-Modal (Fingerprint and Iris Recognition) ...IJERA Editor
Biometrics based individual identification is observed as an effective technique for automatically knowing, with a high confidence a person’s identity. Multi-modal biometric systems consolidate the evidence accessible by multiple biometric sources and normally better recognition performance associate to system based on a single biometric modality.Multi biometric systems are used to overcome this issue by providing multiple pieces of indication of the same identity. This system provides effective fusion structure that combines information provided by the multiple field experts based on decision-level and score-level fusion method, thereby increasing the efficiency which is not conceivable in uni-modal system.Multi-modal biometrics can be attained through a fusion of two or more images, where the subsequent fused image will be more protected. This paper discusses various fusion techniques, architecture of multi-modal biometric authentication and working of biometric fusion i.e. Iris and Fingerprint recognition that are used in multi-modal biometrics
Firstly used on the Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS), fingerprint biometrics is now adapted to parallel markets such as Physical Access Control, Logical Access Control, Secured Payment Solutions and applications OEM. These devices profit from the vast expertise acquired by AFIS systems, while using the latest technology.
Multimodal biometric systems are those that utilize more than one physical or behavioural characteristic for enrolment , verification, or identification.
In the age of Biometric Security taking over the traditional security features, this is a small intro to the Biometric features one can use to enhance the security. The various modalities have been explained.
The Survey of Architecture of Multi-Modal (Fingerprint and Iris Recognition) ...IJERA Editor
Biometrics based individual identification is observed as an effective technique for automatically knowing, with a high confidence a person’s identity. Multi-modal biometric systems consolidate the evidence accessible by multiple biometric sources and normally better recognition performance associate to system based on a single biometric modality.Multi biometric systems are used to overcome this issue by providing multiple pieces of indication of the same identity. This system provides effective fusion structure that combines information provided by the multiple field experts based on decision-level and score-level fusion method, thereby increasing the efficiency which is not conceivable in uni-modal system.Multi-modal biometrics can be attained through a fusion of two or more images, where the subsequent fused image will be more protected. This paper discusses various fusion techniques, architecture of multi-modal biometric authentication and working of biometric fusion i.e. Iris and Fingerprint recognition that are used in multi-modal biometrics
BSI Biometrics Standards Presentation.
View BSI’s presentation about biometric standards, and get an overview of biometrics and identity management, and standards development for biometrics.
With the growth of technology their grows threat to our data which is just secured by passwords so to make it more secure biometrics came into existence. As biometric systems are adopted and accepted for security purpose for various information and security systems. Hence it is immune to attacks. This paper deals with the security of biometric details of individuals. In this paper we will be discussing about biometrics and its types and the threats and security issues which is not talked about usually. The different technologies evolved and had contributed to biometrics in long run and their effects. Sushmita Raulo | Saurabh Gawade "Security Issues Related to Biometrics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44951.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/44951/security-issues-related-to-biometrics/sushmita-raulo
Biometrics system penetration in mobile devicesSwapnil Jagtap
Biometrics is the automated identification or verification of human identity through the measurement of repeatable physiological or behavioral characteristics.
MULTIMODAL BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION: SECURED ENCRYPTION OF IRIS USING FINGERP...ijcisjournal
Securing data storage using biometrics is the current trend. Different physiological as well as behavioral biometrics like face, fingerprint, iris, Gait, voice etc.. is used in providing security to the data. The proposed work explains about the biometric encryption technology which will securely generate a digital key using two biometric modalities. Iris is encrypted using Fingerprint ID of 32-bit as the key in this work.
For encryption Blowfish algorithm is used and the encrypted template is stored in the database and one is given to the user. During the authentication time user input the template and the fingerprint. This template is then decrypted and verified with the original template taken from the database to check whether the user is genuine or an imposter. Hamming distance is used to measure the matching of the templates. CASIA Iris
database is used for experimentation and fingerprint images read through the R303 - fingerprint reader.
VOICE BIOMETRIC IDENTITY AUTHENTICATION MODEL FOR IOT DEVICESijsptm
Behavioral biometric authentication is considered as a promising approach to securing the internet of things (IoT) ecosystem. In this paper, we investigated the need and suitability of employing voice recognition systems in the user authentication of the IoT. Tools and techniques used in accomplishing voice recognition systems are reviewed, and their appropriateness to the IoT environment are discussed. In the end, a voice recognition system is proposed for IoT ecosystem user authentication. The proposed system has two phases. The first being the enrollment phase consisting of a pre-processing step where the noise is removed from the voice for the enrollment process, the feature extraction step where feature traits are extracted from user’s voice, and the model training step where the voice model is trained for the IoT user. And the second being the phase verifies whether the identity claimer is the owner of the IoT device. Based on the resources limitedness of the IoT technologies, the suitability of text-dependent voice recognition systems is promoted. Likewise, the use of MFCC features is considered in the proposed system.
A Study of Approaches and Measures aimed at Securing Biometric Fingerprint Te...Editor IJCATR
The need for fool proof authentication procedures away from traditional authentication mechanisms like passwords, security PINS has led to the advent of biometric authentication in information systems. Biometric data extracted from physiological features of a person including but not limited to fingerprints, palm prints, face or retina for purpose of verification & identification is saved as biometric templates. The inception of biometrics in access control systems has not been without its own hitches & like other systems it has its fair share of challenges. Biometric fingerprints being the most mature of all biometric spheres are the most widely adopted biometric authentication systems. Biometric systems effectiveness lies on how secure they are at preventing inadvertent disclosure of biometric templates in an information system‟s archive. This however has not been the case as biometric templates have been fraudulently accessed to gain unauthorized access in identification and verification systems. In order to achieve strong and secure biometric systems, biometric systems developers need to build biometric systems that properly secure biometric templates. Several biometric template protection schemes and approaches have been proposed and used to safeguard stored biometric templates. Despite there being various biometric template protection schemes and approaches in existence, none of them has provided the most authentic, reliable, efficient and deterrent means to totally secure biometric fingerprint templates. This research sought to establish status of the current biometric template protection techniques and methods by conducting a survey and analyzing data gathered from a sample of seventy-eight (78) respondents. We will report these results and give our conclusion based on findings of the survey in this paper.
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2. Presentation outlines
What is Authentication ?
Types of Authentication
What is Biometric?
Why Biometric?
Characteristics of Biometric
Mode of Biometric system
Working of Biometrics System
Different Biometric techniques
Comparison Between Different Techniques
Performance Metrics
Applications of Biometric Authentication
Limitations of Biometric System
Conclusion
References
3. What is Authentication
Authentication is the act of confirming
something what it claims to be.
It is the process of giving someone identity so
that he or she can access that particular
application or data.
For e.g.: giving identity-card to a student of an
institute.
4. Main types of authentication
By using passwords, PIN
By using smart card or swipe card
By using Biometric
5. What Is Biometric ?
Biometric is a combination of two Greek words
Bio(Life) and Metric(To Measure).
It actually measures and analyzes the
biological traits of a human being.
Biometric is the automated process of
identifying or verifying an individual based
upon his or her behavioral or physical
characteristics.
6. Contd..
Biometric based authentication systems are
able to provide high security against
confidential financial transactions and
personal data privacy.
“something that you are”
7. Why Biometric?
Identity theft is not possible
password remembrance problem does not
exist
Cannot be predicted or hacked
Cannot be shared
Perceived as more secure
8. Characteristics of Biometric
Automated method of recognizing an individual is
based
on two main characteristics :
Physical characteristics are related to physical
shape of the body. For e.g.: fingerprint ,face
recognition, hand geometry, iris recognition etc.
Behavioral characteristics are related to the
behavior of a person. For e.g.: voice pitch,
speaking style, typing rhythm, signature etc.
10. Mode of Biometric System
Identification
One-to-many comparison
It search for a sample against a database of templates
It identifies an unknown individual.
For e.g.: who is “x”?
Verification
One-to-one comparison
It compares a sample against a single stored template
It verifies that the individual is who he claims to be
For e.g.: is this “x”?
11. Working of biometric system
Steps:
Capturing
Pre-processing
Feature extraction
Template matching
Matcher/Comparison
Application Device
[3]
12. Working process
Enrollment: In this stage, the information
captured from the subject by the sensing
device is stored in a database for later
comparison. When someone uses biometric
for the first time then the stage is called
enrollment.
13. Contd…
Authentication: In this stage, the registered
biometric sample during the enrollment
process are matched against newly capturing
biometric sample.
14. Biometric devices consist of
A scanning device
A software which converts scanned
information into digital forms and compares on
some matching points
A database that stores biometric features for
further comparison
15. Different biometric technique
Fingerprint technology:
It is the oldest and most widely used method.
It needs a fingerprint reader.
Registered points are located and compared.
Optical sensors are used for scanning purpose.
It can be used for many applications like pc
login security, voting system,
attendance system etc.
[12]
16. Contd..
Uses the ridge endings and bifurcation's on a persons
finger to plot points known as Minutiae
The number and locations of the minutiae vary from
finger to finger in any particular person, and from person
to person for any particular finger
Finger Image
Finger Image + Minutiae
Minutiae
17. Contd..
Face recognition technology:
Face Recognition is a biometric technique for automatic
identification or verification of a person from a digital
image.
These include the position/size/shape of the eyes, nose,
cheekbones and jaw line.
18. Contd..
Iris Recognition Technology:
It measures the iris pattern of the eye i.e. the
colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil.
The iris canner analyzes features like rings,
furrows, and freckles existing in the colored tissue
surrounding the pupil.
Iris pattern is not changed over
years or by glasses, contact lens
19. Contd..
Hand Geometry Technology
This method uses hand images for person
identification or verification.
Person identification using hand geometry
utilizes hand images to extract a number of
features such as finger length, width,
thickness, finger area etc.
Measures the digits of the hand and compares
to those collected at the time of enrollment.
21. Contd..
Speaker recognition technology:
Voice Recognition or Speaker Recognition is a biometric
process of validating a user's claimed identity using
characteristics extracted from their voices.
It uses the pitch, pattern, tone, frequency, rhythm of speech
for identification purposes.
A telephone or microphone can act as a sensor.
22. Contd..
During the enrollment phase, the spoken
words are converted from analog to digital
format, and the distinctive vocal characteristics
such as pitch, frequency, and tone, are
extracted, and a speaker model is established.
A template is then generated and stored for
future comparisons.
Speaker recognition is often used where voice
is the only available biometric identifier, such
as telephone.
24. Performance Metrics
FAR(False Acceptance Rate) : It is a measure
of the percent of invalid inputs that are
incorrectly accepted.
FRR(False Reject Rate) : It is a measure of
the percent of valid inputs that are incorrectly
rejected.
CER(Crossover Error Rate) : The rate at
which both the accept and reject errors are
equal.
- a lower value of the CER is more accurate
for Biometric System.
26. Applications of Biometric System
Criminal identification
Internet banking
Attendance system
Airport, Bank security
PC login security
Prevents unauthorized access to private data
Financial transaction management
27. Limitations of Biometric System
Presence of noise in the sensed data
Variations in the enrolled data
Non-universality
It is an expensive security solution
28. Conclusion
The development of e-commerce or egovernment sites can be achieved through the
utilization of this strong authentication
process.
The greatest strength of the biometric system
is that they does not change over time so it is
much more efficient than other traditional
security mechanism.
29. REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
Emanuele Maiorana, Chiara Ercole, Secure
Biometric Authentication System Architecture
using Error Correcting Codes and Distributed
Cryptography.
Fernando L. Podio and Jeffrey S.
Dunn.Biometric Authentication Technology:
From the Movies to Your Desktop.
Fahad Al-harby, Rami Qahwaji, and Mumtaz
Kamala. Secure Biometrics Authentication: A
brief review of the Literature.
Dr. NatarajanMeghanathan. Biometrics for
Information Security.
30. REFERENCES
5.
6.
7.
8.
Anil K. Jain, AjayKumar,
Biometrics of Next Generation: An Overview.
SPRINGER, 2010.
Debnath Bhattacharyya, Rahul Ranjan, Farkhod
Alisherov A.,and Minkyu Choi. Biometric
Authentication: A Review, International Journal
of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology
,Vol. 2, No. 3, September, 2009.
Dr. JK Schneider. BIOMETRICS,
SMARTPHONES AND THE E-WALLET.2011.
Zdenek Ríha, Václav Matyáš. Biometric
Authentication Systems. FIMU Report Series.
31. REFERENCES
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10.
11.
12.
Phalguni Gupta, Ajita Rattani, Hunny Mehrotra, Anil
Kumar Kaushik. Multimodal Biometrics System for
Efficient Human Recognition.
Debnath Bhattacharyya,Rahul Ranjan,Poulami
Das,Tai Hoon Kim, Samir Kumar Bandyopadhyay,
Biometric Authentication Technique and Its Future
probabilities. IEEE Trans Int. conf. On Computer and
Electrical Engineering,pp. 652-655, 2009.
A. K. Jain, A. Ross and S. Pankanti, “Biometrics: A
Tool for Information Security,” IEEE Transactions on
Information Forensics and Security, vol. 1, no. 2, pp.
125 –143, June 2006.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometric_authentication
Editor's Notes
1.(Something that you have or you know may be stolen, but something that you are can’t be stolen or fraud.)
As security level decreases and transactional fraud increases now-a-days, it is very essential to have a highly secure identification and verification system. The main reason behind biometric systems are:
Depending on application it can operate on two modes.