Behaviorism is a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning and interaction with the environment. It was formally established in 1913 and became the dominant school of thought in psychology from 1920-1950s due to its objective and measurable approach. There are two main types of behaviorism: methodological behaviorism which studies observable behavior scientifically without mental states, and radical behaviorism which understands behavior through environmental reinforcements. The two major types of conditioning are classical conditioning which pairs stimuli to elicit responses, and operant conditioning where behaviors are reinforced or punished through consequences to make them more or less likely to occur again.

1. Jens
Martensson
B O O
K
R E V I E
W
BEHAVIORI
SM

2. Jens
Martensson
WHAT IS
BEHAVIORISM?
► Behaviorism, also known as
behavioral psychology, is a
theory of learning based on the
idea that all behaviors are
acquired through conditioning,
and conditioning occurs
through interaction with the
environment. Behaviorists
believe that our actions are
shaped by environmental stimuli.

3. Jens
Martensson
HISTORY OF
BEHAVIORISM
► Behaviorism was formally
established with the 1913 publication
of John B. Watson's classic paper,
"Psychology as the BehavioristViews
It.“
► From about 1920 through the mid-
1950s, behaviorism grew to become
the dominant school of thought in
psychology. Some suggest that the
popularity of behavioral psychology
grew out of the desire to establish
psychology as an objective and
measurable science.

4. Jens
Martensson
TYPES OF BEHAVIORISM
► METHODICAL BEHAVIORISM states
that observable behavior should be
studied scientifically and that mental
states and cognitive processes don't add
to the understanding of behavior.
Methodological behaviorism aligns with
Watson's ideologies and approach.
► RADICAL BEHAVIORISM is rooted in the
theory that behavior can be understood
by looking at one's past and present
environment and the reinforcements
within it, thereby influencing behavior
either positively or negatively. This
behavioral approach was created by the
psychologist B.F. Skinner.

5. Jens
Martensson
TWO MAJOR TYPES OF CONDITIONING

6. Jens
Martensson
CLASSICAL
CONDITIONING
► Classical conditioning is a technique used
in behavioral training in which a naturally
occurring stimulus is paired with a
response. Next, a previously neutral
stimulus is paired with the naturally
occurring stimulus. Eventually, the
previously neutral stimulus comes to
evoke the response without the presence
of the naturally occurring stimulus. The
two elements are then known as
the conditioned stimulus and the
conditioned response.

7. Jens
Martensson
OPERANT
CONDITIONING
► is a method of learning that occurs
through reinforcements and
punishments for behavior. Through
operant conditioning, an association
is made between a behavior and a
consequence for that behavior. When
a desirable result follows an action,
the behavior becomes more likely to
occur again in the future. Responses
followed by adverse outcomes, on the
other hand, become less likely to
happen again in the future.

8. Jens
Martensson
Uses for Behaviorism

9. Jens
Martensson
What are the strengths and weaknesses of
behaviorism?

10. Thank
You
DIOSA B. CADA
PTC-A