The document provides an overview of various topics in mechanical engineering presented by K. Prudhvi Rahul. It begins with listing the topics to be covered, including basics of ME, units and measurements, measuring instruments, mechanical equipment, manufacturing processes, codes and standards, measurement techniques, HVAC systems, heat transfer, material handling, material properties, IC engines, hydraulic machines, and strength of materials. It then defines mechanical engineering and the role of mechanical engineers. Key concepts discussed include forces, types of forces, friction, energy, motion, measurements and units. Various measuring instruments are also introduced such as rulers, calipers, micrometers, dial indicators, feeler gauges, and pressure gauges.
1. The document discusses various topics in physics including mechanics, motion, vectors, and kinematics formulas.
2. Mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of motion of material objects. Motion can be rectilinear, circular, rotational, translational, and one, two, or three dimensional.
3. Important concepts in motion include speed, velocity, distance, displacement, scalars, and vectors. Kinematics formulas summarize relationships for one dimensional motion with constant acceleration.
This document provides an overview of key kinematic concepts in mechanics and IB Physics including:
- Scalar and vector quantities as well as the differences between distance, displacement, speed, and velocity.
- Definitions and equations for rest, motion, acceleration, and projectile motion.
- Graphs showing relationships between position, velocity, and acceleration over time and how to calculate changes in position from these graphs.
- Key equations of motion including the SUVAT equations that can be used when acceleration is constant.
This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics. It defines mechanics as the branch of physics dealing with rest and motion. Mechanics can be divided into classical mechanics, relativistic mechanics, and wave mechanics. Engineering mechanics is further divided into solid mechanics and fluid mechanics. Solid mechanics includes rigid body mechanics and deformable body mechanics. Rigid body mechanics contains statics and dynamics. Dynamics contains kinematics and kinetics. The document also outlines Newton's laws of motion, the law of universal gravitation, and other fundamental laws and concepts of mechanics. Finally, it discusses common units used in mechanics like the MKS, CGS, and FPS systems.
Laws of Motion Preparation Tips for IIT JEE | askIITiansaskiitian
This document discusses Newton's laws of motion, which are an important topic for the IIT-JEE exam. It covers various concepts related to Newton's laws, including types of forces, reference frames, rectilinear and circular motion, friction, and applications of the laws. The document provides tips for exam preparation, emphasizing the importance of conceptual understanding, practice problems, and drawing free body diagrams.
The document describes key concepts related to forces and motion, including:
- Acceleration is a change in an object's velocity, which can be a change in speed or direction. Deceleration is negative acceleration as an object slows down.
- Speed is calculated by dividing the distance an object travels by the time it takes, while velocity also includes the object's direction of motion.
- Balanced forces do not cause a change in an object's motion, while unbalanced forces will change its motion or speed.
The document summarizes key concepts in physical science related to motion, forces, energy, and waves. It explains that motion involves an object's position and displacement over time, and defines related terms like speed, velocity, and acceleration. It also summarizes Newton's three laws of motion and friction. Additionally, it defines concepts such as work, power, energy, and heat transfer. Finally, it describes the characteristics of mechanical and electromagnetic waves, including wavelength, frequency, speed, and interactions like reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference.
1. The document discusses various topics in physics including mechanics, motion, vectors, and kinematics formulas.
2. Mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of motion of material objects. Motion can be rectilinear, circular, rotational, translational, and one, two, or three dimensional.
3. Important concepts in motion include speed, velocity, distance, displacement, scalars, and vectors. Kinematics formulas summarize relationships for one dimensional motion with constant acceleration.
This document provides an overview of key kinematic concepts in mechanics and IB Physics including:
- Scalar and vector quantities as well as the differences between distance, displacement, speed, and velocity.
- Definitions and equations for rest, motion, acceleration, and projectile motion.
- Graphs showing relationships between position, velocity, and acceleration over time and how to calculate changes in position from these graphs.
- Key equations of motion including the SUVAT equations that can be used when acceleration is constant.
This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics. It defines mechanics as the branch of physics dealing with rest and motion. Mechanics can be divided into classical mechanics, relativistic mechanics, and wave mechanics. Engineering mechanics is further divided into solid mechanics and fluid mechanics. Solid mechanics includes rigid body mechanics and deformable body mechanics. Rigid body mechanics contains statics and dynamics. Dynamics contains kinematics and kinetics. The document also outlines Newton's laws of motion, the law of universal gravitation, and other fundamental laws and concepts of mechanics. Finally, it discusses common units used in mechanics like the MKS, CGS, and FPS systems.
Laws of Motion Preparation Tips for IIT JEE | askIITiansaskiitian
This document discusses Newton's laws of motion, which are an important topic for the IIT-JEE exam. It covers various concepts related to Newton's laws, including types of forces, reference frames, rectilinear and circular motion, friction, and applications of the laws. The document provides tips for exam preparation, emphasizing the importance of conceptual understanding, practice problems, and drawing free body diagrams.
The document describes key concepts related to forces and motion, including:
- Acceleration is a change in an object's velocity, which can be a change in speed or direction. Deceleration is negative acceleration as an object slows down.
- Speed is calculated by dividing the distance an object travels by the time it takes, while velocity also includes the object's direction of motion.
- Balanced forces do not cause a change in an object's motion, while unbalanced forces will change its motion or speed.
The document summarizes key concepts in physical science related to motion, forces, energy, and waves. It explains that motion involves an object's position and displacement over time, and defines related terms like speed, velocity, and acceleration. It also summarizes Newton's three laws of motion and friction. Additionally, it defines concepts such as work, power, energy, and heat transfer. Finally, it describes the characteristics of mechanical and electromagnetic waves, including wavelength, frequency, speed, and interactions like reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference.
The document discusses mechanics and dynamics. It begins by defining mechanics as a branch of physics dealing with the behavior of physical bodies under forces or displacements. Dynamics is identified as the branch of mechanics concerned with the effects of forces on motion, especially external forces. The document goes on to provide information on internal forces, types of fundamental forces, Newton's laws of motion, and concepts such as inertia, mass, and equilibrium. It includes examples of applying dynamics concepts to problems involving forces.
1) Projectile motion involves motion in two dimensions - horizontal and vertical. The horizontal motion is constant while the vertical motion accelerates downward at 9.8 m/s^2.
2) Uniform circular motion requires a centripetal force directed toward the center of rotation to cause centripetal acceleration.
3) Newton's law of universal gravitation describes the gravitational attraction between two objects, proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
This document provides an introduction to kinematics, which is the branch of dynamics that studies motion without considering forces. It defines important concepts including particles, rigid bodies, and scalar and vector quantities. The three main types of rectilinear motion discussed are uniform, uniformly accelerated, and non-uniformly accelerated. Curvilinear motion along curved paths is also introduced. Coordinate systems for describing motion include rectangular, normal-tangential, and polar coordinates. Rigid body motion types include translation, rotation, and general plane motion.
Resolution of Force Notes - Engineering Diploma Ednexa
This document discusses mechanics and applied mechanics. It defines mechanics as dealing with forces and their effects on bodies at rest or in motion. Applied mechanics is divided into statics and dynamics. Statics deals with forces on bodies at rest, while dynamics deals with forces on bodies in motion. Dynamics is further divided into kinetics, which considers mass and forces, and kinematics, which does not consider mass or forces. The document also defines important concepts in mechanics like rigid bodies. It discusses the basic principles of applied mechanics, including laws of motion and forces. Finally, it defines characteristics of a force like magnitude, direction, and sense (pull vs. push).
Centripetal force is a force directed towards the center of curvature of an object's curved path. Centripetal acceleration is proportional to the square of an object's speed and inversely proportional to the radius of its path. Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Introduction of system of coplanar forces (engineering mechanics)mashnil Gaddapawar
This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics. It discusses three main classifications of mechanics: mechanics of deformable bodies, mechanics of fluids, and mechanics of rigid bodies. Mechanics of deformable bodies deals with how forces are distributed inside bodies and cause stresses and deformations. Mechanics of fluids concerns liquids and gases and their applications in engineering. Mechanics of rigid bodies examines bodies that do not deform under forces. The document also outlines fundamental concepts in mechanics like length, time, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. It introduces important mechanical laws developed by Sir Isaac Newton like Newton's three laws of motion and Newton's law of universal gravitation. Other topics covered include units of measurement, force, characteristics and classification of forces, and resolution
Forces can cause objects to deform, speed up, slow down, or change direction. A free-body diagram represents all the forces acting on an object with arrows pointing in the direction of each force. Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force acting on it. Newton's Third Law states that for every force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
This document provides an overview of biomechanics and its key concepts. It discusses how biomechanics studies the forces acting on the human body both internally from muscles and externally. It covers the history and academic backgrounds of biomechanics. The key concepts of kinematics and kinetics are explained, including concepts like displacement, velocity, acceleration, forces, torque, inertia, and momentum. Ground reaction forces and their analysis are also discussed.
Forces can push or pull on objects and change their motion. A force is measured in Newtons. The net force on an object determines its acceleration according to F=ma. Newton's three laws describe how forces interact: 1) objects in motion stay in motion unless a force acts, 2) F=ma, and 3) for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Centripetal force provides the inward force needed for circular motion. Levers, moments, and fulcrums can be used to make work easier by reducing the needed force. The location of an object's center of mass determines its stability.
This document provides information about work, energy, and their related concepts:
- It defines work as being done when a force causes an object to move, and lists the two conditions required for work - a force must act on the body, and the force must produce motion or change the body's shape or size.
- The amount of work done depends on the magnitude of the applied force and the distance moved by the body in the direction of the force.
- Potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or state, like a stretched spring. Kinetic energy is the energy due to an object's motion.
- Examples are provided to illustrate potential and kinetic energy, and how potential
This document provides an overview of basic physics concepts. It begins by defining SI base units such as meters, kilograms, and seconds. It then discusses derived SI units for area, volume, density, velocity, and other concepts. The document outlines the structure of atoms including protons, neutrons, and electrons. It also defines atomic number, mass number, and isotopes. Additional sections cover states of matter, changes between states, and mechanical properties of matter. In the mechanics section, the document defines concepts such as stress, strain, pressure, and buoyancy in fluids.
This document summarizes the Week 1 content of a class on Fundamentals of Engineering Mechanics. The week covers introductions to key concepts like vectors, scalars, particles and systems of units. It also defines principles like the laws of parallelogram and triangle of forces. The class lectures proceed from fundamental definitions to statics topics like forces on rigid bodies.
Newton's laws of motion and concepts related to forces and motion are discussed. Key points include: Newton's 3 laws of motion, that force is a vector quantity with magnitude and direction, and concepts like impulse, momentum, conservation of energy and momentum. Newton's 2nd law, which relates force, mass and acceleration, is identified as particularly relevant for understanding acceleration.
This document provides an overview of a 2-week workshop on engineering mechanics taught by Professors Mandar Inamdar and Sauvik Banerjee from November 26 to December 6, 2013. The workshop will cover fundamentals of mechanics including vectors, scalars, Newton's laws, and principles of statics and dynamics. Key textbooks will be used as references and concepts will be illustrated with examples from areas like structures, robotics, aircraft, bridges, and mechanical vibrations. Problem solving will involve creating free body diagrams, applying fundamental principles, and checking solutions. Modeling of real-life problems will also be discussed.
This document discusses Newton's laws of motion and related concepts in physics. It defines force and describes how force can affect motion by changing an object's speed, direction, or shape. It then explains Newton's three laws: (1) an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, (2) the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, and (3) for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also discusses concepts like inertia, momentum, and conservation of momentum.
1) Force is an external agent that can change the motion or position of an object, and has both magnitude and direction. Forces can be balanced or unbalanced. Balanced forces do not change the motion of an object, while unbalanced forces do.
2) Graphs can represent motion, including distance-time graphs for objects with uniform or non-uniform speed, and velocity-time graphs for objects with uniform or non-uniform acceleration. Equations relate displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time for accelerated motion.
3) Newton's Three Laws of Motion describe how forces affect the motion of objects: an object at rest stays
This presentation provides instructions on how to view it as a slideshow and navigate between slides. It contains sections on measuring motion, forces, and friction. Each section defines key terms, describes concepts, and includes examples and practice problems. Viewers can access the slideshow, resources, chapters, and assessments from the menu screens.
This document provides information about basic physics concepts including:
1. Mass and weight are defined, and the differences between them are explained. Density, specific gravity, and units of measurement are also covered.
2. Motion, speed, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, work, power, energy, and equilibrium are defined and illustrated with examples.
3. Newton's laws of motion are summarized along with concepts like circular motion, centripetal force, and projectile motion.
4. Additional topics covered include oscillations, surface tension, viscosity, pressure, heat, temperature, latent heat, and evaporation. Key principles and formulas are highlighted throughout.
This document provides instructions for using a presentation on forces and motion. It can be viewed as a slideshow by selecting "Slide Show" from the menu bar. Users can advance slides by clicking arrows or the space bar. Clicking on resources in the resources slide or lessons in the chapter menu will go to those sections. The presentation can be exited at any time by pressing the Esc key.
This document defines and describes key concepts related to motion, including definitions of distance, displacement, speed, uniform and non-uniform motion. It also summarizes Newton's laws of motion, stating that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, and that acceleration is directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass. Motion can refer to the movement of objects, particles, fields, waves, probabilities and more.
This slide comprises a very rudimentary introduction of Industrial Instrumentation.
These slides may help students understand the aspects the Industrial Instrumentation.
this article covers discussion of variable area flow meter. also it speaks about turbine flow meter, target flow meter, magnetic flow meter, vortex flow meter, ultrasonic flow meter, thermal flow meter.
The document discusses mechanics and dynamics. It begins by defining mechanics as a branch of physics dealing with the behavior of physical bodies under forces or displacements. Dynamics is identified as the branch of mechanics concerned with the effects of forces on motion, especially external forces. The document goes on to provide information on internal forces, types of fundamental forces, Newton's laws of motion, and concepts such as inertia, mass, and equilibrium. It includes examples of applying dynamics concepts to problems involving forces.
1) Projectile motion involves motion in two dimensions - horizontal and vertical. The horizontal motion is constant while the vertical motion accelerates downward at 9.8 m/s^2.
2) Uniform circular motion requires a centripetal force directed toward the center of rotation to cause centripetal acceleration.
3) Newton's law of universal gravitation describes the gravitational attraction between two objects, proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
This document provides an introduction to kinematics, which is the branch of dynamics that studies motion without considering forces. It defines important concepts including particles, rigid bodies, and scalar and vector quantities. The three main types of rectilinear motion discussed are uniform, uniformly accelerated, and non-uniformly accelerated. Curvilinear motion along curved paths is also introduced. Coordinate systems for describing motion include rectangular, normal-tangential, and polar coordinates. Rigid body motion types include translation, rotation, and general plane motion.
Resolution of Force Notes - Engineering Diploma Ednexa
This document discusses mechanics and applied mechanics. It defines mechanics as dealing with forces and their effects on bodies at rest or in motion. Applied mechanics is divided into statics and dynamics. Statics deals with forces on bodies at rest, while dynamics deals with forces on bodies in motion. Dynamics is further divided into kinetics, which considers mass and forces, and kinematics, which does not consider mass or forces. The document also defines important concepts in mechanics like rigid bodies. It discusses the basic principles of applied mechanics, including laws of motion and forces. Finally, it defines characteristics of a force like magnitude, direction, and sense (pull vs. push).
Centripetal force is a force directed towards the center of curvature of an object's curved path. Centripetal acceleration is proportional to the square of an object's speed and inversely proportional to the radius of its path. Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Introduction of system of coplanar forces (engineering mechanics)mashnil Gaddapawar
This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics. It discusses three main classifications of mechanics: mechanics of deformable bodies, mechanics of fluids, and mechanics of rigid bodies. Mechanics of deformable bodies deals with how forces are distributed inside bodies and cause stresses and deformations. Mechanics of fluids concerns liquids and gases and their applications in engineering. Mechanics of rigid bodies examines bodies that do not deform under forces. The document also outlines fundamental concepts in mechanics like length, time, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. It introduces important mechanical laws developed by Sir Isaac Newton like Newton's three laws of motion and Newton's law of universal gravitation. Other topics covered include units of measurement, force, characteristics and classification of forces, and resolution
Forces can cause objects to deform, speed up, slow down, or change direction. A free-body diagram represents all the forces acting on an object with arrows pointing in the direction of each force. Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force acting on it. Newton's Third Law states that for every force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
This document provides an overview of biomechanics and its key concepts. It discusses how biomechanics studies the forces acting on the human body both internally from muscles and externally. It covers the history and academic backgrounds of biomechanics. The key concepts of kinematics and kinetics are explained, including concepts like displacement, velocity, acceleration, forces, torque, inertia, and momentum. Ground reaction forces and their analysis are also discussed.
Forces can push or pull on objects and change their motion. A force is measured in Newtons. The net force on an object determines its acceleration according to F=ma. Newton's three laws describe how forces interact: 1) objects in motion stay in motion unless a force acts, 2) F=ma, and 3) for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Centripetal force provides the inward force needed for circular motion. Levers, moments, and fulcrums can be used to make work easier by reducing the needed force. The location of an object's center of mass determines its stability.
This document provides information about work, energy, and their related concepts:
- It defines work as being done when a force causes an object to move, and lists the two conditions required for work - a force must act on the body, and the force must produce motion or change the body's shape or size.
- The amount of work done depends on the magnitude of the applied force and the distance moved by the body in the direction of the force.
- Potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or state, like a stretched spring. Kinetic energy is the energy due to an object's motion.
- Examples are provided to illustrate potential and kinetic energy, and how potential
This document provides an overview of basic physics concepts. It begins by defining SI base units such as meters, kilograms, and seconds. It then discusses derived SI units for area, volume, density, velocity, and other concepts. The document outlines the structure of atoms including protons, neutrons, and electrons. It also defines atomic number, mass number, and isotopes. Additional sections cover states of matter, changes between states, and mechanical properties of matter. In the mechanics section, the document defines concepts such as stress, strain, pressure, and buoyancy in fluids.
This document summarizes the Week 1 content of a class on Fundamentals of Engineering Mechanics. The week covers introductions to key concepts like vectors, scalars, particles and systems of units. It also defines principles like the laws of parallelogram and triangle of forces. The class lectures proceed from fundamental definitions to statics topics like forces on rigid bodies.
Newton's laws of motion and concepts related to forces and motion are discussed. Key points include: Newton's 3 laws of motion, that force is a vector quantity with magnitude and direction, and concepts like impulse, momentum, conservation of energy and momentum. Newton's 2nd law, which relates force, mass and acceleration, is identified as particularly relevant for understanding acceleration.
This document provides an overview of a 2-week workshop on engineering mechanics taught by Professors Mandar Inamdar and Sauvik Banerjee from November 26 to December 6, 2013. The workshop will cover fundamentals of mechanics including vectors, scalars, Newton's laws, and principles of statics and dynamics. Key textbooks will be used as references and concepts will be illustrated with examples from areas like structures, robotics, aircraft, bridges, and mechanical vibrations. Problem solving will involve creating free body diagrams, applying fundamental principles, and checking solutions. Modeling of real-life problems will also be discussed.
This document discusses Newton's laws of motion and related concepts in physics. It defines force and describes how force can affect motion by changing an object's speed, direction, or shape. It then explains Newton's three laws: (1) an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, (2) the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, and (3) for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It also discusses concepts like inertia, momentum, and conservation of momentum.
1) Force is an external agent that can change the motion or position of an object, and has both magnitude and direction. Forces can be balanced or unbalanced. Balanced forces do not change the motion of an object, while unbalanced forces do.
2) Graphs can represent motion, including distance-time graphs for objects with uniform or non-uniform speed, and velocity-time graphs for objects with uniform or non-uniform acceleration. Equations relate displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time for accelerated motion.
3) Newton's Three Laws of Motion describe how forces affect the motion of objects: an object at rest stays
This presentation provides instructions on how to view it as a slideshow and navigate between slides. It contains sections on measuring motion, forces, and friction. Each section defines key terms, describes concepts, and includes examples and practice problems. Viewers can access the slideshow, resources, chapters, and assessments from the menu screens.
This document provides information about basic physics concepts including:
1. Mass and weight are defined, and the differences between them are explained. Density, specific gravity, and units of measurement are also covered.
2. Motion, speed, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, work, power, energy, and equilibrium are defined and illustrated with examples.
3. Newton's laws of motion are summarized along with concepts like circular motion, centripetal force, and projectile motion.
4. Additional topics covered include oscillations, surface tension, viscosity, pressure, heat, temperature, latent heat, and evaporation. Key principles and formulas are highlighted throughout.
This document provides instructions for using a presentation on forces and motion. It can be viewed as a slideshow by selecting "Slide Show" from the menu bar. Users can advance slides by clicking arrows or the space bar. Clicking on resources in the resources slide or lessons in the chapter menu will go to those sections. The presentation can be exited at any time by pressing the Esc key.
This document defines and describes key concepts related to motion, including definitions of distance, displacement, speed, uniform and non-uniform motion. It also summarizes Newton's laws of motion, stating that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, and that acceleration is directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass. Motion can refer to the movement of objects, particles, fields, waves, probabilities and more.
This slide comprises a very rudimentary introduction of Industrial Instrumentation.
These slides may help students understand the aspects the Industrial Instrumentation.
this article covers discussion of variable area flow meter. also it speaks about turbine flow meter, target flow meter, magnetic flow meter, vortex flow meter, ultrasonic flow meter, thermal flow meter.
BOOM Pitch Pictures is a production company that focuses on developing and producing feature films and television shows. Founded in 2018 by CEO Dan Friedkin, the company aims to create high-quality entertainment by partnering with established and up-and-coming talent in the film and television industry. BOOM Pitch Pictures is based in Venice, California and leverages the experience and relationships of its founders and executives to shepherd creative projects from initial concept through production and distribution.
Este documento resume un libro sobre el contrato de concesión de obras públicas en Colombia. Explica que el libro analiza la participación del capital privado en proyectos de infraestructura a través de la concesión de obras públicas. También cubre temas como los antecedentes históricos, la naturaleza jurídica, elementos clave y etapas del contrato de concesión. El libro está dirigido principalmente a jueces, asesores legales y estudiantes interesados en este tipo de contratos entre el sector público y privado
This document summarizes the key components of instrumentation cable and their purposes. It discusses the conductor, insulation, cabling elements, individual screen, assembling of cable elements, overall screen, shielding, inner sheath, armour, and outer sheath. The conductor is typically copper and can be solid or multistranded. Insulation protects individual conductors and varies based on voltage rating. Screens and sheaths protect signals and the cable internally and externally. Requirements for the outer sheath include oxygen index, acid generation, smoke density, and flammability standards.
This document proposes a CAD system for analyzing mammogram images to detect breast cancer. It discusses:
1) The need for mammogram analysis and microcalcification/mass detection due to the prevalence of breast cancer.
2) The CAD system which uses preprocessing, feature extraction including GLSDM, Gabor and wavelet transforms, and classifiers like ELM, SVM and Bayes for microcalcification detection, achieving up to 98% accuracy.
3) A comprehensive GUI tool is developed for abnormality detection, cancer characterization, risk analysis and tissue density classification achieving up to 100% accuracy for some classifiers and features. The tool also performs speckle noise denoising.
Aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation aha american heart association new 2014Abdelrahman Al-daqqa
This document discusses aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR). It provides information on the prevalence and risk factors for each condition. For AS, it notes the increased prevalence with age. For AR, it discusses the varying prevalence with age and severity. The document also outlines the typical symptoms, physical exam findings, and treatment guidelines for AS and AR.
This document discusses different types of sensors and transducers. It begins with an introduction to sensors, defining them as devices that convert non-electrical quantities into electrical signals. It then covers various classifications of sensors including primary/secondary, active/passive, and analog/digital. Specific types of sensors are described in more detail, including resistive sensors such as potentiometers, temperature dependent resistors, and strain gauges. Capacitive and inductive sensors are also briefly mentioned. The document provides examples and equations to explain the functioning and properties of different sensors.
Este documento presenta el syllabus de un curso de Gerencia Pública Integral. El curso busca que los estudiantes aprendan e implementen herramientas gerenciales para promover el desarrollo local de manera sostenible. El syllabus describe los objetivos de aprendizaje, temas a cubrir, metodología, criterios de evaluación y bibliografía. El curso se enfocará en modelos de gerencia aplicables al sector público y el rol del alcalde como líder de la administración local.
This document outlines the key requirements for sanitary pipe works in buildings. It discusses maintaining water seals in traps, proper sizing of soil and waste pipes based on appliance outlets and building regulations, using suitable durable materials and joints for pipes that allow for thermal movement and access for maintenance, fitting traps close to appliances with adequate seals, and testing completed systems by smoke or air tests to ensure traps maintain water seals under pressure for 3 minutes.
Optical Instrumentation - Part I Optometry Introduction - ABurdwan University
This document provides an introduction to optometry, including:
1. Optics is the scientific study of light, categorized into geometrical, physical, and quantum optics.
2. Radiometry measures electromagnetic radiation including light. Photometry measures perceived brightness.
3. Theories of light include the corpuscular, wave, electromagnetic, quantum, and dual theories. Light exhibits both wave and particle properties.
Micro/Nano-Robotics in Biomedical Applications and Its ProgressesSachin john
The document discusses micro/nano robotics in biomedical applications and its progress. It provides an introduction to micro/nano-robotics and its research background. It then discusses the research status of micro/nano-robotics at home and abroad over time. Various methods for controlling nano-robots are also presented, including magnetic field control, chemical gradient control, and bio-energy control. Potential biomedical applications of nano-robotics discussed include micro-invasive surgery, chromosome transplantation, artificial insemination, and cell manipulation. However, limitations such as controlling single structures accurately and possible allergic reactions are also noted. In conclusion, nano-robotics is seen as having huge potential for development in molecular medicine and
The document discusses pH measurement and the components used. It describes that pH is a measurement of hydrogen ion concentration on a logarithmic scale from 0-14. It also discusses Nernst's equation, which relates electrode potential to ion concentration. The key components used for pH measurement are glass electrodes, reference electrodes like calomel or silver-silver chloride, and buffer solutions. The document provides details on the construction and functioning of these different electrode types.
The document provides an introduction to biomedical instrumentation. It discusses the importance of biomedical instrumentation in understanding human physiology and developing diagnostic and therapeutic devices. It describes the major physiological systems of the human body and how biomedical instruments are classified and used to take clinical and research measurements. Common medical measurements include blood pressure, ECG, EEG, pH, and blood gases which are detected using techniques like electrodes, cuffs, and electromagnetic sensors.
These slides provide an elementary description of Power Electronics and its application domains. It also shows the different power devices and converters.
this section speaks about the quantity flow meter and its different types i.e. positive displacement flow meter and metering pump, it comprises discussion on mass flow meter, coriolis flow meter, variable reluctance tacho generator and linear resistance element flow meter.
Introduction to kinesiology (Biomechanics- Physiotherapy) vandana7381
Chapter 1: Introduction to Kinesiology ( Biomechanics) for physical therapy students.
Reference: JOINT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION - by Pamela K. Levangie.
Easy to understand and with lot of examples.
This chapter discusses clinical biomechanics, which applies biomechanics concepts to treat patients. It examines statics and dynamics and how forces affect living organisms. Key topics covered include kinesiology, the forces of gravity, contact, inertia, muscle contraction types, elasticity, force composition and resolution, lever systems, stresses and strains from different load types, and how loading affects biological tissue according to Wolff's law.
1) The document discusses fundamental physics concepts including fundamental and derived quantities, scalar and vector quantities, frames of reference, average and instantaneous speed, acceleration, forces and equilibrium, weight, mass and weight, satellite motion, Newton's laws of motion, work, and conservative and dissipative forces.
2) Key concepts covered include the seven base SI units, vector addition, types of equilibrium, centripetal and centrifugal forces, inertia, Newton's three laws of motion, and the definition of work as the product of force and displacement.
3) Formulas are provided for average and instantaneous speed, acceleration, weight, work of a constant and variable force, and work of interaction forces.
ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS PART-1sachinHR3
This document discusses various topics in civil engineering and engineering mechanics. It begins by listing nine fields of civil engineering including surveying, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, and environmental engineering. It then provides brief descriptions and examples for each of these fields. The document also discusses key concepts in engineering mechanics such as forces, moments, force resolution and composition, Newton's laws of motion, and resultants of coplanar concurrent force systems. Throughout, examples are given to illustrate engineering mechanics principles.
SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION.pptxGiridhar D
This document provides an overview of systems of particles, rigid bodies, rotational motion, and related concepts in physics. It begins by defining a system of particles and discussing the centre of mass. It then covers rotational motion, including the moment of inertia, torque, angular momentum, and conservation of angular momentum. Specific topics like rigid bodies, rolling motion, and the kinetics and dynamics of rotational systems are examined. Equations for calculating properties like moment of inertia for regular shapes are also provided. The document aims to comprehensively cover fundamental concepts relating to rotational mechanics.
class-11, ch-6 ( system of particles and rotational motion).pptxbablivashisht
This document provides an overview of systems of particles, rotational motion, and related concepts in physics. It begins by defining a system of particles and discussing the centre of mass. It then covers rotational motion of rigid bodies, including the moment of inertia, parallel and perpendicular axis theorems, and kinetics of rotational motion like work, power, and kinetic energy. Finally, it discusses angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum, and comparisons between linear and rotational motion. Key concepts covered include torque, rotational inertia, rolling motion, and relationships between angular momentum, angular velocity, and kinetic energy.
Chapter 12 kinematics of a particle part-iSajid Yasin
This document provides information about a dynamics course, including:
- The instructor is Engr. Sajid Yasin from the Department of Mechanical Technology at MNS UET Multan.
- Lecture times are Tuesday from 7:30-9:30 PM in Room F5 and Wednesday lab from 6:30-9:30 PM in D2.
- Required textbooks and the method of assessment including exams, quizzes, assignments, and attendance are listed.
This document discusses concepts related to force and motion in physics. It defines key terms like motion, speed, velocity, acceleration, and types of forces. It explains the differences between velocity and acceleration, and provides the three equations of motion. It also covers Newton's laws of motion, including inertia, Newton's first law stating an object at rest or in motion stays that way unless acted on by an external force, Newton's second law relating force, mass and acceleration, and Newton's third law of equal and opposite reactions. Finally, it discusses the law of conservation of momentum.
This document provides an overview of basic physics concepts including:
1) SI units for common physical quantities like length, mass, time, area, volume, density, velocity, force, pressure, energy, work, and power.
2) The structure and components of atoms including electrons, protons, neutrons, and the nucleus. Isotopes and relative atomic mass are also discussed.
3) Chemical compounds are defined as substances made of different elements that are chemically bonded. The three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - are introduced along with changes between these states.
4) Newton's three laws of motion are summarized. Concepts of force, vectors, and adding forces are
1. The document outlines the structure and content of an introductory mechanics course, including topics, textbook, evaluation criteria, and course schedule.
2. It introduces fundamental concepts in mechanics like vectors, units, forces, and Newton's laws of motion.
3. Five sample problems are presented at the end to help students practice concepts covered in the course.
This document provides an introduction to engineering mechanics from Baba Farid College of Engineering and Technology. It includes:
1) Biographical information about the instructor Parvinkal Singh Mann, who has worked in engineering education for many years and published over 20 research papers.
2) An overview of engineering mechanics, which involves the study of forces and their effects on bodies at rest (statics) and in motion (dynamics), and how it relates to other fields like kinematics and kinetics.
3) Definitions of key terms in mechanics like force, pressure, mass, weight, density, and others, and explanations of the differences between concepts like mass and weight.
Have you gone above the speed limit or driven without a license and gotten away? Well, you can’t get away with breaking the laws of physics! This session will highlight:
• Why loads rotate, shift and swing
• Load Stability and how to understand and control mobility
• Predicting outcomes of load moving based on physical laws
• Internal and external forces and restraint
• Choosing the most economical and practical equipment for a job
Speaker: Don Mahnke, President, Hydra-Slide, Ltd.
Chapter 1-Basic concept in physics-2022-2023- final.pptxHalaHaladaqqa
This document provides an overview of the key concepts that will be covered in a course on basic biomechanics and physics. It includes:
1. An introduction to SI units and physics quantities.
2. Sections on translation and rotational motion of objects, forces and Newton's laws of motion, work, energy, power, pressure, and hydrostatic pressure.
3. A brief outline of the chapters, including mechanics concepts like kinematics, dynamics, statics, and fluids as well as electricity and magnetism fundamentals.
This course introduces fundamental concepts of mechanics and enhances problem-solving skills. Students will understand applied force systems and properties of rigid bodies at rest or in motion. The course aims to enable students to apply mechanics principles like equilibrium, friction, and kinematics to solve problems involving forces on rigid bodies and structures. Assessment methods include assignments, tests, and an end-semester examination covering various modules taught during the course.
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This document discusses concepts of moment, friction, and their applications in engineering mechanics. It defines moment as the perpendicular distance from a point to a line or surface, and explains that a moment of force is the product of the distance of a force from an axis times the magnitude of the force. It also discusses Varignon's theorem, the principle of moments, parallel forces, torque, and conditions for equilibrium under forces. The document then defines friction and the laws of friction, limiting friction, and sliding friction. It provides examples of how these concepts are applied in areas like transportation and measurement.
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তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
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ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
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Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
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In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
2. Topics To Be Covered
• Basics of mechanical engineering
• Units and measurements
• Measuring instruments
• Mechanical equipment
• Manufacturing process
• Codes and standards
• Measuring equipment & techniques
• Hvac System
• Heat transfer
• Material Handling
• Mechanical properties of materials
• IC engines
• Hydraulic machines
• Strength of materials
3. What is mechanical engineering?
• Mechanical engineering is the
discipline that applies the
principles of engineering,
physics, and materials
science for the design,
analysis, manufacturing, and
maintenance of mechanical
systems. It is the branch of
engineering that involves the
design, production, and
operation of machinery
4. Mechanical Engineer?
• Mechanical engineers create
and develop mechanical
systems for all of humankind.
Concerned with the principles
of
• Force
• Energy
• Motion
• Mechanical engineers use their
knowledge of design,
manufacture, and operational
processes to advance the world
around us — enhancing safety,
economic vitality and
enjoyment throughout the
world.
5. What Is a Force?
• A force is a push or pull upon
an object resulting from the
object's interaction with
another object.
• Mainly there are two types of
forces:
• Contact Forces
• Non Contact Forces
• Force is Measured in Newtons
7. Frictional Forces & Applied Forces
• Whenever an object moves
against another object, it feels
frictional forces.
• These forces act in the
opposite direction to the
movement.
• Friction makes it harder for
things to move.
• The pushing or pulling force
we were applying on an object
is called as Applied Forces.
9. Helpful Frictional Forces &
Unhelpful Frictional Forces
• Friction can be useful:
• Friction between tires and the road stop cars from skidding.
• Friction between the brakes and wheel help bikes and cars slow
down.
• Friction can also be unhelpful:
• If you don't lubricate your bike regularly with oil, the friction in
the chain and axles increases. Your bike will be noisy and
difficult to pedal.
• When there is a lot of friction between moving parts, energy is
lost to the surroundings as heat.
10. Air Resistance
• Air resistance is caused by
the frictional forces of the
air against the vehicle.
• The faster the vehicle
moves, the bigger the air
resistance becomes.
11. Normal Force
• When a body exerts a force
on another, the second
provides a reaction which
acts perpendicular to the
surface of 2nd body.
12. Tension Force
• The Tension force is the force that is
transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire
when it is pulled tight by forces acting from
opposite ends.
• The tension force is directed along the length of
the wire and pulls equally on the objects on the
opposite ends of the wire.
13. Spring Force
• The spring force is the force exerted by a compressed
or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to
it. An object that compresses or stretches a spring is
always acted upon by a force that restores the object
to its rest or equilibrium position.
14. Hooks Law
• Hooke's law states that the force F
needed to extend or compress a
spring by some distance X is
proportional to that distance.
• F = KX where K is a constant of the
spring: its stiffness, and X is the
deformation of the spring.
• F= -KX When the direction of the
restoring force is opposite to that of
the displacement.
15. Non Contacting Forces
• Gravitational Forces: Newton's law of universal
gravitation states that any two bodies in the universe
attract each other with a force that is directly
proportional to the product of their masses and
inversely proportional to the square of the distance
between them.
• F is the force between the masses;
• G is the gravitational constant
(6.674×10−11 N · (m/kg)2);
• m1 is the first mass;
• m2 is the second mass;
• r is the distance between the centers of the masses.
16. Lorenz Force
• Lorentz force: It is the
combination of electric and
magnetic force on a point
charge due to
electromagnetic fields. If a
particle of charge q moves
with velocity v in the
presence of an electric field
E and a magnetic field B,
then it will experience a force
• F = q E + q v × B
17. What Is Energy?
• The ability of a system to
perform work.
• Energy is a property of objects
which can be transferred to
other objects or converted into
different forms.
• Law Of Conservation Of
Energy: energy can be neither
created nor be destroyed.
• Energy is measured in Joules.
18. Work
• Work is said to be done on an object when the
force causes displacement of the object.
• Work is the product of the force applied on an
object and the displacement of the object.
• W= Force x Displacement
Displacement: is an
object's change in
position considering its
starting position and
final position.
Work is measured in
Joules
21. Mechanical Energy
• Mechanical energy is
the sum of kinetic and
potential energy in an
object that is used to do
work.
• In other words, it is
energy in an object due
to its motion or position,
or both.
22. Kinetic Energy
• kinetic energy is the
energy that the body
possesses due to its
motion.
• KE= 1/2MV2
• Where M is the
mass and V is the
speed (or the
velocity) of the body.
23. Potential Energy
• The energy stored in an
object by the virtue of its
motion.
• The amount of gravitational
potential energy an object
has depends on its height
above the ground and its
mass.
• PE= mgh
• Where m is Mass, g is
gravitational force, And h is
height of the object.
24. Motion
• Motion is a change in
position of an object with
respect to time.
• Motion is typically described
in terms of displacement,
distance, velocity,
acceleration, time and
speed.
• It is measured in relationship
to point of reference.
26. Random Motion
• Random motion, also
known as Brownian
motion, is the
movement of atoms and
molecules.
• Gas is having random
motion, because of the
molecules move in
different directions.
Randon Motion Of Gas
Particles
27. Translational Motion
• Translational motion is the movement of an
object from one point to another through space.
• Three types of translational motions:
• Rectilinear
• Curvilinear
• Circular
28. Rotational And Oscillatory
• Rotational motion is
an object moves
around an axis
passing through its
body.
• Oscillatory motion is
something that
moves back and
forth repeatedly.
29. DOF(Degrees of freedom)
• DOF is number of
independent motions that
are allowed to the body.
• In case of a mechanism
number of possible
independent relative
motions between the
pieces of the mechanism.
• Mostly used in robotics.
30. How many degrees of freedoms ?
• There are six degrees of a freedom
for an object in space.
31. DOF of a ship
• The motion of a ship at sea has the six degrees of
freedom of a rigid body, and is described as:
• Translation and rotation:
• Moving up and down (elevating/heaving);
• Moving left and right (strafing/swaying);
• Moving forward and backward (walking/surging);
• Swivels left and right (yawing) ;
• Tilts forward and backward (pitching);
• Pivots side to side (rolling).
32. DOF of Plane
• A plane is also having six degrees of
freedom.
34. Measurement
• Measurement is the standard which
is used for comparison must be
defined accurately, And it should be
universally accepted.
• Measurement is the process of
comparing unknown magnitude of
certain parameter with the known
predefined standard of that
parameter.
37. How large is a centimeter?
The width
of the top
of your
finger
38. How large is a meter?
About the
width
of one &
1/2 doors
1 meter
39. How large is a milliliter?
About a
drop of
liquid
40. • Units of Length
• 10 millimeters = 1 centimeter
• 10 centimeters = 1 decimeter
• 10 decimeters = 1 meter
• 1000 meters = 1 kilometer
• Units of Weight
• 10 milligrams = 1 centigram
• 10 centigrams = 1 decigram
• 10 decigrams = 1 gram
• 1000 grams = 1 kilogram
• 1000 kilograms = 1 metric ton
Measurements Of Length And Weight
41. Units
• Units are standards for measurement
of physical quantities that need clear
definitions to be useful.
• There are mainly two types of units
• Basic Units
• Derived Units
42. Basic Units
• The International System of Units (SI) defines
seven units of measure as a basic set from
which all other SI units are derived. The SI
base units and their physical quantities are:
45. Features of Measured Quantities
• When we measure a number, there are
physical constraints to the measurement.
• Instruments and scientists are not perfect,
so the measurement is not perfect (i. e., it
has error).
• The error in the measurement is related to
the accuracy and the precision of the
measurement
46. Accuracy and Precision
Accuracy – how close the measurement
is to the “true” value (of course we
have to know what the “true” value is)
Precision – is a measure of how closely
individual measurements agree with
one another.
48. Equations for Precision and Accuracy
1. Precision
2. Accuracy
Absolute Error
% AE = (True value-Avg Value) X
100
True Value
49. Measuring Instruments
• A measuring instrument is
a device for measuring a
physical quantity.
• In the physical sciences,
quality assurance, and
engineering, measurement
is the activity of obtaining
and comparing physical
quantities of real-world
objects and events.
50. Rulers
• Rulers
– Simple tools to measure straight-line
distances where tolerances are not a major
factor
– Can be made of metal, plastic, or wood
– Typical rulers are 6 inches or 12 inches
– Tolerance: is the permissible limit or limits
of variation.
– In mechanical engineering the space
between a bolt and a nut or a hole Is the
Tolerance
53. Calipers
• Calipers: Engineers and machinists
frequently use calipers to secure
accurate measurements of inside and
outside diameters.
• A caliper can be as simple as a
compass with inward or outward-
facing points
55. Feeler Gauges
• Feeler Gauges
– to measure the clearance between two
parts
– Used for measuring “gaps” or the space
between two objects
– Proper usage requires practice
57. Feeler Gauges used for
• Valve lash
• Measure spark plug gap
• Head flatness
• Thrust distance in Crankshaft
• Ignition point gap (Old Vehicles)
58. Feeler gages are principally used in determining
clearances between various parts of machinery.
Probably the most common use is determining valve
clearance. Various blades are inserted between the
tappet and the push rod until a blade of the feeler gage
is found that will just slide between the two surfaces
without too much friction or sticking. The thickness of the
blade then determines the clearance. Or, a particular
feeler of proper thickness may be selected and the
tappet adjusted until the feeler will just slide between the
tappet and push rod with out catching.
60. Feeler Gauges with strip
Such a gage consists of thin blades of
metal of various thicknesses. There is
generally a blade or strip for each of
the most commonly used thicknesses
such as 0.002 inch, 0.010 inch, and
.015 inch. The thickness of each
blade is generally etched on the
blade
63. Micrometers
• Micrometer is a caliper to obtain
measurements accurate to 1/1000 of an inch.
• This instrument is particularly useful for
measuring relatively short lengths and the
diameter of bolts or cylinders.
• The common commercial micrometer
consists of a frame, an anvil or fixed
measuring point, a spindle, a sleeve or barrel,
a thimble and a rachet.
65. Types of micrometers
• Outside micrometer typically used to
measure wires, spheres, shafts and blocks.
• Inside micrometer used to measure the
diameter of holes.
• Depth micrometer measures depths of
slots and steps.
69. Telescopic Gauges
Used with outside micrometers to
measure inside diameters.
Various lengths and T-shaped.
Extensions are spring-loaded.
These wont contain individual
markings for measurement
73. Small Hole Gauges
• To measure small holes
• Gauge is straight with a screw handle
on one end and a split ball on other.
• Handle is turned to expand ball.
• These wont contain individual
markings for measurement
– Removed and measured with a
micrometer
76. Go/No Go gauge
• Go/No Go gauge refers to an inspection tool used
to check a work piece against its allowed
tolerances.
• Its name is derived from two tests: the check
involves the work piece having to pass one test
(Go) and fail the other (No Go).
• It does not return a size or actual measurement in
the conventional sense, but instead returns a state,
which is either acceptable (the part is within
tolerance and may be used) or unacceptable (the
part must be rejected).
77. Types Of Go Gauges
circular
Treaded
nut
Treaded
Hexagonal
80. Dial Indicators
• Dial Calipers
– For inside, outside, and
depth measurements
– Manual scales or digital
– can measure in 0.001
inch increments
– Metric can measure in 2-
millimeter increments
81. Dial Indicator
• A plunger moves in and out from
the body of the indicator and
rotates the measuring needle on
a dial face.
• Dial indicators usually have
either a 1" or 2" range and are
calibrated in increments of
.001". A smaller dial reads each
revolution of the larger dial in
increments of 0.100".
82. Dial Gauges Uses
• Centering cylindrical stock in a 4-jaw chuck
• Determining accuracy of lathe or mill
alignment
• Determining runout of lathe spindle and
chucks
• Monitoring depth of drilled holes
• Monitoring vertical movement of milling
head
• Determining if edges of a rectangular
workpiece are parallel
83.
84. Pressure and Vacuum
Measurements
• Pressure Gauges
– Measures amount of pressure applied to a
closed, sealed system
– Fitted into pressure line with appropriate
fittings
– A manometer is an instrument that uses a
column of liquid to measure pressure,
although the term is currently often used to
mean any pressure measuring instrument.
86. Pressure and Vacuum
Measurements
• Vacuum Gauges
– Mechanical gauge measures difference
between atmospheric pressure and current
state of system
– A vacuum gauge is used to measure the
pressure in a vacuum.
– it is possible to measure system pressure
continuously from 10 mbar down to
10−11 mbar.