Counseling involves a trained counselor helping an individual gain greater self-understanding, improve decision making, and change behaviors to overcome problems. It is not about giving advice, information, or persuading attitudes and beliefs. Successful counseling requires that both the counselor and counselee are willing to build rapport, listen unconditionally, develop trust and confidence, analyze problems, explore possibilities, and remain positive. Basic counseling skills include listening, investigating through open-ended questions, verifying understanding through paraphrasing, enlightening through summarizing, and seeing the whole situation through reflection and empathy.

1. B a s I c E l e m e n t s o f
CounselingCounseling

2. What is Counselling?
Counseling is a process whereby a trained,
competent counselor will help or assist an
individual who is seeking help in gaining greater
understanding of selfunderstanding of self, improved
decision-making and behavior changes,
to overcome his or her problems.

3. Counseling isCounseling is NOTNOT
Giving of advice
Giving of information
Influencing attitudes, behavior or beliefs byInfluencing attitudes, behavior or beliefs by
persuading or convincing.
The selection of and assignments of individuals for
various jobs or activities.
Interviewing, even though sometimes
interviewing may be part of the process.

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5. It’s Only Possible, if
CounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselor
◦ Has the willingness to accept
◦ Builds Rapport
◦ Listens unconditionally
◦ Has Confidence / Trust
CounseleeCounseleeCounseleeCounseleeCounseleeCounseleeCounseleeCounselee
◦ Is Willing to Unwrap / Open
one’s self
◦ Is Confident / Trusts one’s
self◦ Has Confidence / Trust
◦ Gives enough time
◦ Analyzes the problem, &
◦ Explores Possibilities
self
◦ Makes time
◦ Works on the possibilities
◦ Remains Positive &
Optimistic

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CounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselorCounselor

7. Basic Skills of Counselling

8. L for Listen
Understand the verbal and
nonverbal informationnonverbal information
Often Non verbal skills are more indicating
of the person’s internal struggle and real
emotions.

9. I for Investigate
Get the Counselee to Talk
Open-Ended Questions –
“Tell me about your family while you were growing up”, “Why is that important
to you?”to you?”
The purposes of Open-Ended Questions are the following:
Begins an interview
Encourages client to elaborate on their situation
Elicits specific examples
Motivates counselees to communicate

10. V for Verify
The ability to perceive another's experience and then to communicate that
perception back to the individual to clarify and amplify their own
experience and meaning, also called Paraphrasing.
There are four steps in effective paraphrasing:
Listen and recall
Identify the content
Rephrase.
Perception check.

11. E for enlighten
Enlightening the Counselee or Summarizing is
condensing the client’s messages in the session.
Purposes of a SummaryPurposes of a Summary
To tie together multiple elements of client messages
To identify a common theme or pattern
To interrupt excessive rambling
To start a session
To end a session
To pace a session
To review progress
To serve as a transition when changing topic

12. S for SEE the whole
Reflection helps clients to feel understood,
expresses more feelings, manages feelings,
differentiatesdifferentiates among various feelings.
Empathize with the Counselee and the
problem/issue.

13. Knowledge & Sound mind
Acceptance
Listening
Communication
Patience
Good body language and eye
Confidentiality
Flexibility
Empathy
Self control
Observation
LIVES include
Good body language and eye
contact
Humor
Observation
Analyzing skills
Non Judgmental attitude
Self awareness
Cultural Awareness

14. Lmeans to Listen
Imeans to Investigate
Vmeans to Verify
LIVES
Vmeans to Verify
Emeans to Enlighten
S means to See the Whole

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Mark Twain