When fresh liquid medium is inoculated with a given number of bacteria and incubated for sufficient period of time, it gives a characteristic growth pattern of bacteria.
If the bacterial population is measured periodically and log of number of viable bacteria is plotted in a graph against time, it gives a characteristic growth curve which is known as growth curve or growth cycle.
When fresh liquid medium is inoculated with a given number of bacteria and incubated for sufficient period of time, it gives a characteristic growth pattern of bacteria.
If the bacterial population is measured periodically and log of number of viable bacteria is plotted in a graph against time, it gives a characteristic growth curve which is known as growth curve or growth cycle.
The physical factors affects the growth of microorganism.
1) Temperature
Temperature is the most important factor that influences the rate of enzyme catalysed reactions and rate of growth.
For every organisms there is an optimum temperature for growth and minimum temperature for inhibiting the growth.
Most extreme the microbes need liquid water to grow.(330C).
some algae and fungi grow at 55-60 degreeC.
Prokaryotes are grow at 100 degreeC.
Based on temperature the microorganisms are classified into two 4.
Acid fast staining is differential staining technique which differentiate bacteria into two group- acid fast bacteria and non acid bacteria. It used to identify acid-fast organisms such as members of the genus Mycobacterium .
The physical factors affects the growth of microorganism.
1) Temperature
Temperature is the most important factor that influences the rate of enzyme catalysed reactions and rate of growth.
For every organisms there is an optimum temperature for growth and minimum temperature for inhibiting the growth.
Most extreme the microbes need liquid water to grow.(330C).
some algae and fungi grow at 55-60 degreeC.
Prokaryotes are grow at 100 degreeC.
Based on temperature the microorganisms are classified into two 4.
Acid fast staining is differential staining technique which differentiate bacteria into two group- acid fast bacteria and non acid bacteria. It used to identify acid-fast organisms such as members of the genus Mycobacterium .
The bacterial growth curve represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time. There are four distinct phases of the growth curve: lag, exponential (log), stationary, and death.
MICROBIAL GROWTH, REPRODUCTION AND CONTROLPeterKenneth3
Microbial growth is defined as an increase in the number of cells. A microbial cell has a lifespan and a species is maintained only as a result of continued growth of its population. Growth is the ultimate process in the life of a cell – one cell becoming two and subsequently leading to an increase in the number in a population of microorganisms.
In microbiology, growth is synonymous to reproduction. This unit examines the term growth, binary fission, the mode of cell division in prokaryotic cells, stages in the growth curve and the mathematics of growth.
Definition of Growth
Growth is defined as an increase in the number of cells in a population of microorganisms. It is an increase in cellular constituents leading to arise in cell number when microorganisms reproduce by processes like binary fission or budding.
The Prokaryotic Cell Cycle
A prokaryotic cell cycle is the complete sequence of events from the formation of a new cell through the next division. Most prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission, budding or fragmentation.
Binary Fission
Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction process. In which a single cell divides into two cells after developing a transverse septum(cross wall).Binary fission is a simple type of cell division and the processes involved are: the cell elongates, replicates its
chromosomes and separates the newly formed DNA molecules so that there is a chromosome in each half of the cell. A septum is formed at mid cell; divide the parent cell into two progeny cells and each having its own chromosome and a copy or complement of other cellular constituents.
this power point is useful to understand the theorical concept of a sterilization & disinfection ,autoclave for nursing students......hope it will be useful for you.
all relevant information that will assist the nurses to acquire the depth knowledge regarding morphological features of bacteria and its subject matter...............
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
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R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
QA Paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka 2020Azreen Aj
QA study - To improve the 6th monthly recall rate post-comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia in paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka
2. Bacteria ‘s growth can be take place
by binary fission and during that so many
phases happen during that different events
takes place.
five type of growth curves:
1) Growth cycle
2) Biphasic growth
3) Maintenance of cells in exponencial phase
4) Synchronous growth
5) Bacterial growth in vivo
3. Bacterial growth is regulated by nutritional
environment. When suitable environment is
there that time bacterium is incubated,its
growth leads to increase in number of cells
which allow definite course.
The growth curve has got four phases:
Lag phase
Log phase(logarithmic) or exponential phase
Stationary phase
Decline phase
4.
5. bacteria adapt themselves to growth
conditions. It is the period where the
individual bacteria are maturing and not yet
able to divide. During the lag phase of the
bacterial growth cycle, synthesis of RNA,
enzymes and other molecules occurs.
Length of this phase depend on type of
bacterial spesis, culture medium, and
environmental factors.
6. (sometimes called the log phase or the
logarithmic phase)
it is a period characterized by cell doubling. The
number of new bacteria appearing per unit time
is proportional to the present population. If
growth is not limited, doubling will continue at a
constant rate so both the number of cells and
the rate of population increase doubles with
each consecutive time period. For this type of
exponential growth, plotting the natural
logarithm of cell number against time produces a
straight line.
7. The slope of this line is the specific growth rate
of the organism, which is a measure of the
number of divisions per cell per unit time.The
actual rate of this depends upon the growth
conditions, which affect the frequency of cell
division events and the probability of both
daughter cells surviving. Under controlled
conditions, cyanobacteria can double their
population four times a day.
Exponential growth cannot continue indefinitely,
however, because the medium is soon depleted
of nutrients and enriched with wastes.
8. The "stationary phase" is due to a growth-limiting
factor; this is mostly depletion of a nutrient,
and/or the formation of inhibitory products such
as organic acids. An awkward but unfortunately
widespread explanation is that the stationary
phase results from a situation in which growth
rate and death rate have the same values (newly
formed cells per time = dying cells per time);but
this is not logical, and it is better to forget this.
Such an explanation would not be in accordance
with the observed substrate depletion and also
could never explain the rather “smooth,”
horizontal linear part of the curve during the
stationary phase.
9. Death of cells as a function of time is rather
unpredictable and very difficult to
explain.Another not really logical explanation of
the stationary phase is that there isn’t anymore
enough space for the cells
However, under the microscope you will see that
there is still plenty of water between the cells
Only in an agar colony with densely packed cells
space is obviously limiting.
10. bacteria run out of nutrients and die although
number of cells remain constant.
The decline phase is brought by exhaution of
nutrients, accumalation of toxic products and
autolytic enzymes
Sometimes a small numbers of survivors may
persist for month even after death of majority of
cells these few surviving cells probably grow at
expence of nutrients released
11. Bacteria grow nonsynchronously in ordinary
culture medium, i.e at any moment cells are
present in different stage of growth cycle.
When all bacterial cells in culture medium divide
simultaneously growth thus obtained is known as
synchronous growth.
Such growth is required for studing the sequence
of event occuring in single cell like studies on
DNA synthesis or susceptibility of cell to lethal
agent
12. There exists a significant difference of bacterial
growth in humn body and artificial culture
medium.
They grow much faster in vitro than in vivo.
Various factor in vivo include: nutritional status
of body, generation time, defence mechanism,
redox potential, hydrogen iron concentration ,
localisation of nutrients.