This document contains definitions and explanations of key chemistry concepts such as the structure of atoms, the periodic table, ionic and covalent bonding, and states of matter. It defines atoms as the basic unit of matter containing protons, neutrons, and electrons. The periodic table arranges the elements based on their atomic structure. Ionic bonds form when opposite charges attract between cations and anions to form crystalline structures. Covalent bonds occur when atoms share pairs of electrons. Materials can exist in solid, liquid, gas, or plasma states depending on temperature and molecular motion.
An ion is an atom or molecule which has lost or gained one or more valence electrons, giving it a positive or negative electrical charge
Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons by single atoms or groups of atoms.
This presentation was put together by Ivan Ukiwah.
Hello everyone, I am Dr. Ujwalkumar Trivedi, Head of Biotechnology Department at Marwadi University Rajkot. I teach Molecular Biology to the students of M.Sc. Microbiology and Biotechnology.
The current presentation is about the historical perspectives of the discovery of atoms and subatomic particles. The later part of the presentation describes various atomic models and the properties of subatomic particles with a description of commonly used terms like molecules, ions and compounds.
An ion is an atom or molecule which has lost or gained one or more valence electrons, giving it a positive or negative electrical charge
Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons by single atoms or groups of atoms.
This presentation was put together by Ivan Ukiwah.
Hello everyone, I am Dr. Ujwalkumar Trivedi, Head of Biotechnology Department at Marwadi University Rajkot. I teach Molecular Biology to the students of M.Sc. Microbiology and Biotechnology.
The current presentation is about the historical perspectives of the discovery of atoms and subatomic particles. The later part of the presentation describes various atomic models and the properties of subatomic particles with a description of commonly used terms like molecules, ions and compounds.
This presentation will help anyone studying C1 in science. For further help, tips and advice please don`t hesitate to email me at cpugh5345@yahoo.co.uk
This presentation will help anyone studying C1 in science. For further help, tips and advice please don`t hesitate to email me at cpugh5345@yahoo.co.uk
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. Key words
Symbol
Mixture
Physical change
chemical change
Proton
Liquid
Thermal energy
Freezing
Compound
chemical reaction
Molecule
electron
Neutron
Gas
vaporization
coalesce
matter
atomic number
atomic mass
periodic table
nucleus
evaporation
boiling
element
conservation of mass
Period
ductile
magnetic
condensation
sublimation
atom
precipitate
malleable
conductor
corrosion
superheated gases
coalesce
deposition=frost
heterogeneous mixture
homogeneous mixture
combustibility
3. Forces & Particles
Gravity Matter
Magnetism Anti-Matter
Strong Nuclear Forces
Weak Nuclear Forces
EVERYTHINGEVERYTHING in the Universe
can be divided up into . . .
4. Forces
Gravity Magnetism
Acts on Acts on
ALL matter charged particles
Always pulls Pulls or pushes
Strong & weak Nuclear Forces
hold the nucleus together
5. Forces
Gravity Magnetism
Acts on Acts on
ALL matter charged particles
Always pulls Pulls or pushes
Magnetism is about 1040
times more
powerful than gravity.
10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,
000,000,000,000,000.
7. The picture below shows three objects
that can be classified in the same
group. Which of the following
statements is true for all three of these
objects?
They are metals.
They rust rapidly.
They weigh the same.
They are the same color.
9. Copper is an element that is used in
electrical wires. What is the smallest
unit of copper that still maintains the
characteristics of copper?
the atom
the electron
the nucleus
the proton
10. In making a pizza, which
process involves a chemical
change?
Mixing spices for the sauce
Slicing pepperoni for the
topping
Spreading cheese on the pizza
Baking the dough to form the
crust
11. What is the smallest
particle of the element
gold (Au) that can still be
classified as gold?
atom
molecule
neutron
proton
12. Which of the following illustrations
represents a pure substance?
13. If 1 kg of the compound
toluene melts at –95°C, then
500 g of toluene will
melt at –47.5°C.
melt at –95°C.
boil at 95°C.
boil at 47.5°C.
14. The drawing below
represents a bit used in a
power drill.
Which of the following
metals is most suitable for
making this drill bit?
aluminum
copper
gold
steel
15. Which statement about the molecules in ice
and the molecules in liquid water is correct?
The molecules in ice have more energy
than the molecules in liquid water.
The molecules in ice contain different
atoms than the molecules in liquid water.
The molecules in ice have more electric
charge than the molecules in liquid water.
The molecules in ice are less free to move
than the molecules in liquid water.
17. Which is an example of
a chemical change?
pepper being ground
onto a salad
a match being lit
sugar being dissolved
in water
wood being chopped
18. Which statement is correct concerning
the mass of a ball of clay?
The mass changes as the altitude of
the ball of clay changes.
The mass changes as the shape of the
ball of clay changes.
The mass of the ball of clay is
unchanged by altitude or shape.
The mass is doubled when the ball of
clay is divided into two equal pieces.
19. Mary wants to find the density
of a small stone. Which tools
will she need?
a meterstick and a
thermometer
a thermometer and a balance
a balance and a graduated
cylinder
a graduated cylinder and a
meterstick
20. If different kinds of atoms are
represented by different
colored dots, which picture
represents a sample of a
compound?
21. If different kinds of atoms
are represented by
different colored dots,
which picture below
represents a mixture?
22. Which of the following
is a compound?
oxygen
water
nitrogen
air
23. Evidence of a chemical change
would be a
melting popsicle.
spinning top.
spilled bucket of water.
rusting car fender.
35. Can we see atoms?
magnesium
atoms (white)
above boron
atoms (grey)
seen by the
transmission
electron
microscope
36. Photon a particle of light.
Electromagnetic radiation
ALL light. Visible AND invisible
visible light , x-rays, gamma rays, radio
waves, microwaves, ultraviolet rays,
infrared.
55. H
ElementsElements
• Made ofMade of atoms (basic unit of matter)atoms (basic unit of matter)
• specific number of protons.specific number of protons.
• Over 100Over 100
He
Li
Na
Be
Mg
B C N O F Ne
Al Si P S Cl Ar
90. C
12 6
C
13 6
3 2 1
3 2 1
Legend
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Isotopes
91.
92. The rules:
The 1S orbital fills first
1S , 2S , 2P , 3S , 3P
S only holds 2
P only holds 6
93.
94. Noble (inert) GasesNoble (inert) Gases Group #8 atomsGroup #8 atoms
P shell fullP shell full
Very non-reactiveVery non-reactive
VERY happyVERY happy
96. You walk into science class and discover
a pile of shiny, silvery objects on your
desk. Your teacher tells the class they
will need to identify the element in each
sample using the periodic table. Where
on the periodic table, will you likely
need to start looking?
a. on the right hand side
b. on the left hand side
c. near the top
d. near the bottom.
97. Metal an atom with 1-3 extra valence
electrons.
Shiny
Dense
Malleable
Ductile
Electrical conductors
Thermal conductors
114. Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
Made of
Atoms
Holds
its shape
Atoms move
past each
other
115. The solid, liquid, and gaseous states
of water differ from each other in
the mass of the individual atoms.
the size of the individual atoms.
the net electrical charge of the
individual molecules.
the average speed of movement of
the individual molecules.
116. Fireworks contain different elements in
them for displaying different colors.
The different colors occur because:
a.the different elements burn at different
temperatures.
b.atoms of various elements react with
each other differently.
c.atoms of various elements emit light at
different frequencies.
d.atoms of different elements have
different numbers of protons.
124. FeFe+2+2
Iron (II) FerrIron (II) Ferrousous
FeFe+3+3
Iron (III) FerrIron (III) Ferricic
CuCu+1+1
Copper (I) CuprCopper (I) Cuprousous
CuCu+2+2
Copper (II) CuprCopper (II) Cupricic
NHNH44
++
AmmoniumAmmonium
mo’ Cations
150. You get up in the morning and make
toast for breakfast. You notice the
color changes from light to dark.
Later on that day in science class,
your teachers asks for every day
examples of physical and chemical
changes.
Should you volunteer your toast as an
example of a physical or chemical
change?
Why?
151. Lucy noticed that her coin collection had
begun to tarnish. Some of the metal in
the coins had begun to change color.
The formation of tarnish is most similar
to which of the following changes?
shredding a piece of paper into
hundreds of tiny strips
dropping a dinner plate on the floor
melting ice cubes in a glass of juice
burning a piece of paper to ashes in a
fireplace
166. Pure substance vs. Mixture
Only ONE element has 2 or more
or compound. elements/
(distilled water) compounds.
167. A chocolate chip cookie is an
example of a _______, because
______________.
a. compound, the ingredients are
chemically bonded.
b. compound, it is the same
throughout.
c. mixture, you can separate out
the chips.
d. mixture, you cannot distinguish
between the ingredients.
169. Air is a mixture of several gases.
Name Formula amount
Nitrogen N2 78 %
Oxygen O2 21 %
Argon Ar 1 %
Carbon CO2 0.03 %
Dioxide
170. Air is a mixture of several gases
Name Formula amount
Neon Ne 0.002 %
Methane CH4 0.0002 %
Helium He 0.000524 %
Krypton Kr 0.000114 %
Hydrogen H2 0.00005 %
Xenon Xe 0.0000087 %
180. H1.008
1
Avogadro asked . . .
Q: If ONE Hydrogen atom
weighs 1.008 daltons,
how many Hydrogen atoms
would it take to weigh
1.008 grams ?
181. Answer: 6.023 x 1023 that many
602,300,000,000,000,000,000,000
182. Na
22.990
11
Q: If ONE Sodium atom weighs
22.99 daltons,
how many Sodium atoms would it
take to weigh 22.99 grams ?
183. What does one Mole of Lithium
atoms weigh ?
What does one Mole of Carbon
atoms weigh ?
What does one Mole of Water
molecules weigh ?
What does one Mole of O2
molecules weigh ?
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