This document provides an overview of integrated solutions for asphalt pavement construction and maintenance techniques and equipment from Xi'an Dagang Road Machinery Co. Ltd. It discusses gravel and earth road surfacing using double bituminous surface treatment (DBST) and the equipment needed. It also covers asphalt pavement preventative maintenance techniques like seal coats and microsurfacing. Common pavement distresses like cracking and patching techniques are outlined. Rehabilitation using cold in-place recycling is described along with asphalt materials handling equipment. The company provides asphalt solutions that have been implemented in 46 countries.
A casting yard is where concrete structures like segments, parapets, and beams are cast for bridges and viaducts. It must be easily accessible from project sites and have 25-40 acres of land. Concrete elements are cast using long-line or short-line methods, cured, and then transported to worksites. Quality control includes geometry control during casting and testing of concrete slump, setting time, and compressive strength. Precast concrete has higher quality control compared to cast-in-place concrete.
This Presentation presents the design of Rivet joints which are also called boiler joints. It contains various parameters upon which boiler joints are designed. Pls find and enjoy.
Chapter 6 area & volume measurement, Digital PlanimeterAbhay Abhale
This document discusses the components, uses, and measurement process of a digital planimeter. It describes the main components of a digital planimeter which include a roller, tracing arm, tracing magnifier, tracing point, and function keys. It then explains the various function keys and their purposes. Finally, it outlines the step-by-step process for measuring the area of a shape using a digital planimeter, which involves selecting a scale, marking a starting point, tracing the outline while holding the tracing point, and reading the area measurement from the display.
The document describes the components and operation of an asphalt batch mix plant. The plant uses aggregates that are fed into bins then dried and heated. The heated aggregates are mixed with asphalt in a mixing chamber. Additional components include asphalt tanks, mineral filler units, and load out conveyors. Controls and monitoring are centralized in a control panel. Batch mix plants generally cost between 60-75 lacs depending on capacity. Major manufacturers of batch mix plants in India are listed.
Definition, Use, Types of beariings, Types of Journal bearing, Materials for journal bearing, Failures of journal bearing, Design terms for journal bearing, Types of roller contact bearing, applications of roller contact bearing, Designation of roller contact bearing, Design terms for roller contact bearing, comparison between journal and roller bearings, characteristics of bearings, selection procedure of bearings
The document summarizes the construction of a flyover project in Patna, Bihar, India. It discusses the various stages of the project, including topographic and traffic surveys, geotechnical analysis, planning and design, and construction. The construction involves building the substructure with pile foundations and pile caps, and the superstructure, which consists of piers and precast concrete deck segments connected by post-tensioning. Once completed, the flyover will help reduce traffic congestion in the city.
Visit www.seminarlinks.blogspot.com to Download.
The intersection of railway track and the road at the same level is referred to as a level crossing. In the urban areas the level crossing is generally monitored by qualified railway personnel who monitor the train movement and close the level crossing gate to stop the interfering road traffic but such closing of gates leads to congestion in road traffic and also causes loss of time to road users. Road under bridge and road over the bridge are considered as solutions for avoiding level crossings of roads and railway track.
A casting yard is where concrete structures like segments, parapets, and beams are cast for bridges and viaducts. It must be easily accessible from project sites and have 25-40 acres of land. Concrete elements are cast using long-line or short-line methods, cured, and then transported to worksites. Quality control includes geometry control during casting and testing of concrete slump, setting time, and compressive strength. Precast concrete has higher quality control compared to cast-in-place concrete.
This Presentation presents the design of Rivet joints which are also called boiler joints. It contains various parameters upon which boiler joints are designed. Pls find and enjoy.
Chapter 6 area & volume measurement, Digital PlanimeterAbhay Abhale
This document discusses the components, uses, and measurement process of a digital planimeter. It describes the main components of a digital planimeter which include a roller, tracing arm, tracing magnifier, tracing point, and function keys. It then explains the various function keys and their purposes. Finally, it outlines the step-by-step process for measuring the area of a shape using a digital planimeter, which involves selecting a scale, marking a starting point, tracing the outline while holding the tracing point, and reading the area measurement from the display.
The document describes the components and operation of an asphalt batch mix plant. The plant uses aggregates that are fed into bins then dried and heated. The heated aggregates are mixed with asphalt in a mixing chamber. Additional components include asphalt tanks, mineral filler units, and load out conveyors. Controls and monitoring are centralized in a control panel. Batch mix plants generally cost between 60-75 lacs depending on capacity. Major manufacturers of batch mix plants in India are listed.
Definition, Use, Types of beariings, Types of Journal bearing, Materials for journal bearing, Failures of journal bearing, Design terms for journal bearing, Types of roller contact bearing, applications of roller contact bearing, Designation of roller contact bearing, Design terms for roller contact bearing, comparison between journal and roller bearings, characteristics of bearings, selection procedure of bearings
The document summarizes the construction of a flyover project in Patna, Bihar, India. It discusses the various stages of the project, including topographic and traffic surveys, geotechnical analysis, planning and design, and construction. The construction involves building the substructure with pile foundations and pile caps, and the superstructure, which consists of piers and precast concrete deck segments connected by post-tensioning. Once completed, the flyover will help reduce traffic congestion in the city.
Visit www.seminarlinks.blogspot.com to Download.
The intersection of railway track and the road at the same level is referred to as a level crossing. In the urban areas the level crossing is generally monitored by qualified railway personnel who monitor the train movement and close the level crossing gate to stop the interfering road traffic but such closing of gates leads to congestion in road traffic and also causes loss of time to road users. Road under bridge and road over the bridge are considered as solutions for avoiding level crossings of roads and railway track.
This document contains details from 4 surveying projects carried out by students. The projects include:
1. Preparing contour maps and calculating reservoir capacity of a given area using levelling.
2. Measuring the area of a cricket ground using chain and cross staff survey.
3. Estimating earthwork for a canal by taking levels and calculating cutting and banking volumes.
4. Measuring the height of a structure using a theodolite to measure horizontal distances and vertical angles.
The document provides information on the objectives, surveys used, equipment, approaches, calculations and conclusions for each project.
There are three main stages of setting out that must be carried out for construction projects:
1. Initial setting out of the site limits and boundaries
2. Setting out the foundations and major site elements in the first stage
3. Setting out precise design points and dimensions in the second stage
Horizontal and vertical control points must be established to accurately position all design aspects according to the drawings and specifications. Proper planning and protection of control points is important to ensure correct construction.
Creep is the gradual longitudinal movement of rails in the direction of dominant traffic over time. It is caused by various factors like wave action from moving loads, percussion from wheel impacts at joints, drag from locomotive wheels, and thermal expansion/contraction. Creep can be measured using creep indicators and causes issues like disturbed track geometry and signaling. Sections prone to high creep include grade transitions, structures, and points/crossings. Preventative methods include pulling rails back periodically, using anchors to fix rails to sleepers, and installing steel sleepers for increased stiffness.
This document discusses various aspects of railway track design and maintenance. It covers topics like alignment surveys, track gauges, stresses in tracks, rail selection, wear testing, corrugation and creep of rails, rail joints, welding of rails, and types of rail sections. Permanent way requirements include uniform gauge, proper rail leveling, strength against lateral forces, well-designed curves and gradients, minimum tractive resistance, and facilities for drainage and repairs. Coning of wheels is described as well as different rail gauges used in India like broad, meter and narrow gauge. Rail functions and requirements for an ideal section are also outlined.
Scrapers are heavy earthmoving machinery used to collect, transport, and dump soil and other materials over short distances. They have a hopper at the rear that is lowered to collect dirt which can then be raised and dumped as needed. Self-propelled scrapers were invented in the 1930s and come in various types like towed, elevating, coal bowl, open bowl, and pull scrapers with capacities ranging from 14 to 44 cubic yards. Scrapers load soil through being pushed by bulldozers and transport it within a mile or two before dumping the collected materials.
This document discusses Benkelman beam deflection studies, which are used to evaluate the structural capacity of existing pavements and estimate overlay designs for strengthening weak pavements. The Benkelman beam test procedure involves measuring the rebound deflection of a pavement under a standard wheel load. Deflection measurements are taken at intervals along the road using the Benkelman beam and loaded truck. The results are used to calculate the true rebound deflection and characterize pavement strength statistically based on mean, standard deviation, and characteristic deflection values. Overlay design is then determined based on the statistical analysis.
1) For a TBM tunnel project, an engineering survey system is essential to ensure the tunnel is constructed according to the design alignment within allowable tolerances.
2) The survey system for the Lok Ma Chau Spur Line TBM tunnel in Hong Kong involved establishing control networks, using a tunnel guidance system to track the TBM in real-time, and conducting post-construction checks.
3) Post-construction wriggle surveys were used to verify the as-built tunnel profile was within tolerances and did not infringe the train's structure gauge.
This document summarizes in-situ methods for determining soil properties, specifically the vane shear test and pressure meter tests.
The vane shear test directly measures the undrained shear strength of soft clays in the field by inserting a rotating vane and measuring the torque. Pressure meter tests measure the soil's stress-strain response by expanding a membrane probe against the soil and recording the resulting pressures and strains. Self-boring pressure meters can test undisturbed soil by drilling into the ground, while displacement pressure meters push into pre-drilled boreholes. Both provide fundamental soil properties with minimal empirical corrections needed.
The document is a construction presentation that includes information about construction services and projects. It contains 20 slides with headings describing sections on construction, renovation, profiles, portfolios, and more. Dummy text is used throughout as placeholders. The presentation provides an overview of a construction company and its services in a brief, high-level format.
This document provides an overview of equipment used for road construction, including: hydraulic excavators for digging and material handling; motor graders for creating smooth, flat surfaces; wheel loaders for loading and material handling; rollers and compactors for compacting soil and materials; and asphalt pavers for laying new asphalt surfaces. The document also defines what a road is and distinguishes between roads and streets. It emphasizes choosing the right equipment for each job in road construction to maximize productivity and efficiency.
Its about drag line introduction , types ,methods and its working with some images and its very helpful in education and engineering students who have projected on construction equipment base topics.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on trenching machines. It describes the main types of trenching machines including wheel trenchers, chain trenchers, micro trenchers, portable trenchers, and tractor mount trenchers. Diagrams of a wheel trencher and chain trencher are shown. Major trenching machine companies and the capacity of one machine are provided. Advantages include minimizing excavation volume and maximizing soil reuse, while disadvantages include needing to replace buckets in hard rock and requiring regular chain adjustment and maintenance.
1. Dumpers and dump trucks are vehicles used to transport bulk materials. Dumpers have the load skip in front of the driver that tips to dump the load, while dump trucks have the cab in front of the load.
2. Modern dumpers can carry payloads of up to 10 tons and usually steer by articulating in the middle. They are powered by diesel engines and use hydraulics for tipping, steering, and body lifting. Larger dump trucks ranging from 10-400 tons are used for construction and mining to transport materials over long distances.
3. There are different types of dump trucks including rear dump, bottom dump, articulated, and tipper trucks which are suited to different haul
The document outlines the 8 key steps in the concreting process: 1) Collection of ingredients, 2) Batching ingredients by volume or weight, 3) Mixing ingredients homogeneously, 4) Transporting concrete via pans, wheelbarrows, trucks or conveyors, 5) Placing concrete in formworks, 6) Compacting concrete using tamping rods or vibrators, 7) Finishing concrete through screeding or troweling, and 8) Curing concrete through water sprinkling, ponding, steaming or covering to improve durability and reduce shrinkage.
Tunnels are underground passages constructed for various purposes like transportation, utilities, and drainage. They are needed when surface excavation is uneconomical or causes too much disturbance. The document discusses the history of tunnel construction and various geological and engineering considerations involved. It describes different tunnel excavation methods based on the type of ground or rock, including drill-and-blast, tunnel boring machines, and new techniques like the New Austrian Tunnelling Method. Support methods are also discussed, ranging from timber supports in soft ground to steel arches and concrete linings in harder strata.
This document discusses various aspects of railway track design including gradients, horizontal and vertical curves, super-elevation, and transition curves. It provides formulas for calculating ruling gradient, super-elevation, safe speeds on curves, and other key design elements. Track must be designed to suit the loads and speeds of trains based on safety and economic standards. Proper gradient, curvature, and super-elevation are necessary for smooth train operation.
Railway Engineering - Geometric design of trackMani Vel
This document discusses the importance of proper geometric design of railway tracks. It outlines key considerations for geometric design including gradients, curvature, and track alignment. Proper design is needed to ensure safe train operation at maximum speeds and loads. Specific geometric design elements are described, such as ruling gradients, helper gradients, momentum gradients, and standards for station yard gradients. Grade compensation is also outlined, where steeper gradients are allowed on curved tracks compared to straight tracks.
Rigid pavements are concrete slabs that distribute vehicle loads through beam action. They have high flexural strength and small deflections compared to flexible pavements. The presentation discusses the types of rigid pavements including jointed plain concrete, jointed reinforced concrete, and continuously reinforced concrete pavements. It also covers the design factors for rigid pavements such as traffic loading, subgrade strength, environmental conditions, and material properties. Rigid pavements are designed to last 30 years with minimal maintenance required over the design life.
Friction Considerations : The friction of skid resistance between vehicle tyre and pavement surface is one of the factors determining the operating speed and the minimum distance requires for stopping of vehicles.
Unevenness : The longitudinal profile of the road pavement has to be even' in order to provide a good riding comfort to fast moving vehicles
Light Reflecting Characteristics : Night visibility depends upon the colour and light reflecting characteristics of the pavement surface. The glare caused by the reflection of head lights is considerably high on wet pavement surface than on the dry pavement.
Drainage of Surface Water
This document discusses road failures and the importance of road maintenance. It notes that roads are the primary mode of transportation for passengers and goods in most areas. Inadequate road infrastructure can hinder socioeconomic development. Road maintenance is crucial to ensure a smooth surface for travel and prevent accidents. Over time, roads require maintenance due to various types of failures from minor cracks to major issues. Proper maintenance approaches are needed to minimize these failures and keep roads in good condition for safe transportation.
FDR (full depth rehabilitation) is a process that pulverizes the existing asphalt and base layers, mixes them with cement, and recompacts them to form a stabilized base for a new asphalt surface. It provides benefits like increased strength, sustainability, and cost savings compared to removing and replacing the pavement. The document outlines the FDR process, including pulverizing, grading, adding cement, mixing, compacting, and placing the new asphalt surface. It also discusses design considerations and the benefits of FDR for extending pavement life at lower cost and environmental impact than traditional replacement.
This document contains details from 4 surveying projects carried out by students. The projects include:
1. Preparing contour maps and calculating reservoir capacity of a given area using levelling.
2. Measuring the area of a cricket ground using chain and cross staff survey.
3. Estimating earthwork for a canal by taking levels and calculating cutting and banking volumes.
4. Measuring the height of a structure using a theodolite to measure horizontal distances and vertical angles.
The document provides information on the objectives, surveys used, equipment, approaches, calculations and conclusions for each project.
There are three main stages of setting out that must be carried out for construction projects:
1. Initial setting out of the site limits and boundaries
2. Setting out the foundations and major site elements in the first stage
3. Setting out precise design points and dimensions in the second stage
Horizontal and vertical control points must be established to accurately position all design aspects according to the drawings and specifications. Proper planning and protection of control points is important to ensure correct construction.
Creep is the gradual longitudinal movement of rails in the direction of dominant traffic over time. It is caused by various factors like wave action from moving loads, percussion from wheel impacts at joints, drag from locomotive wheels, and thermal expansion/contraction. Creep can be measured using creep indicators and causes issues like disturbed track geometry and signaling. Sections prone to high creep include grade transitions, structures, and points/crossings. Preventative methods include pulling rails back periodically, using anchors to fix rails to sleepers, and installing steel sleepers for increased stiffness.
This document discusses various aspects of railway track design and maintenance. It covers topics like alignment surveys, track gauges, stresses in tracks, rail selection, wear testing, corrugation and creep of rails, rail joints, welding of rails, and types of rail sections. Permanent way requirements include uniform gauge, proper rail leveling, strength against lateral forces, well-designed curves and gradients, minimum tractive resistance, and facilities for drainage and repairs. Coning of wheels is described as well as different rail gauges used in India like broad, meter and narrow gauge. Rail functions and requirements for an ideal section are also outlined.
Scrapers are heavy earthmoving machinery used to collect, transport, and dump soil and other materials over short distances. They have a hopper at the rear that is lowered to collect dirt which can then be raised and dumped as needed. Self-propelled scrapers were invented in the 1930s and come in various types like towed, elevating, coal bowl, open bowl, and pull scrapers with capacities ranging from 14 to 44 cubic yards. Scrapers load soil through being pushed by bulldozers and transport it within a mile or two before dumping the collected materials.
This document discusses Benkelman beam deflection studies, which are used to evaluate the structural capacity of existing pavements and estimate overlay designs for strengthening weak pavements. The Benkelman beam test procedure involves measuring the rebound deflection of a pavement under a standard wheel load. Deflection measurements are taken at intervals along the road using the Benkelman beam and loaded truck. The results are used to calculate the true rebound deflection and characterize pavement strength statistically based on mean, standard deviation, and characteristic deflection values. Overlay design is then determined based on the statistical analysis.
1) For a TBM tunnel project, an engineering survey system is essential to ensure the tunnel is constructed according to the design alignment within allowable tolerances.
2) The survey system for the Lok Ma Chau Spur Line TBM tunnel in Hong Kong involved establishing control networks, using a tunnel guidance system to track the TBM in real-time, and conducting post-construction checks.
3) Post-construction wriggle surveys were used to verify the as-built tunnel profile was within tolerances and did not infringe the train's structure gauge.
This document summarizes in-situ methods for determining soil properties, specifically the vane shear test and pressure meter tests.
The vane shear test directly measures the undrained shear strength of soft clays in the field by inserting a rotating vane and measuring the torque. Pressure meter tests measure the soil's stress-strain response by expanding a membrane probe against the soil and recording the resulting pressures and strains. Self-boring pressure meters can test undisturbed soil by drilling into the ground, while displacement pressure meters push into pre-drilled boreholes. Both provide fundamental soil properties with minimal empirical corrections needed.
The document is a construction presentation that includes information about construction services and projects. It contains 20 slides with headings describing sections on construction, renovation, profiles, portfolios, and more. Dummy text is used throughout as placeholders. The presentation provides an overview of a construction company and its services in a brief, high-level format.
This document provides an overview of equipment used for road construction, including: hydraulic excavators for digging and material handling; motor graders for creating smooth, flat surfaces; wheel loaders for loading and material handling; rollers and compactors for compacting soil and materials; and asphalt pavers for laying new asphalt surfaces. The document also defines what a road is and distinguishes between roads and streets. It emphasizes choosing the right equipment for each job in road construction to maximize productivity and efficiency.
Its about drag line introduction , types ,methods and its working with some images and its very helpful in education and engineering students who have projected on construction equipment base topics.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on trenching machines. It describes the main types of trenching machines including wheel trenchers, chain trenchers, micro trenchers, portable trenchers, and tractor mount trenchers. Diagrams of a wheel trencher and chain trencher are shown. Major trenching machine companies and the capacity of one machine are provided. Advantages include minimizing excavation volume and maximizing soil reuse, while disadvantages include needing to replace buckets in hard rock and requiring regular chain adjustment and maintenance.
1. Dumpers and dump trucks are vehicles used to transport bulk materials. Dumpers have the load skip in front of the driver that tips to dump the load, while dump trucks have the cab in front of the load.
2. Modern dumpers can carry payloads of up to 10 tons and usually steer by articulating in the middle. They are powered by diesel engines and use hydraulics for tipping, steering, and body lifting. Larger dump trucks ranging from 10-400 tons are used for construction and mining to transport materials over long distances.
3. There are different types of dump trucks including rear dump, bottom dump, articulated, and tipper trucks which are suited to different haul
The document outlines the 8 key steps in the concreting process: 1) Collection of ingredients, 2) Batching ingredients by volume or weight, 3) Mixing ingredients homogeneously, 4) Transporting concrete via pans, wheelbarrows, trucks or conveyors, 5) Placing concrete in formworks, 6) Compacting concrete using tamping rods or vibrators, 7) Finishing concrete through screeding or troweling, and 8) Curing concrete through water sprinkling, ponding, steaming or covering to improve durability and reduce shrinkage.
Tunnels are underground passages constructed for various purposes like transportation, utilities, and drainage. They are needed when surface excavation is uneconomical or causes too much disturbance. The document discusses the history of tunnel construction and various geological and engineering considerations involved. It describes different tunnel excavation methods based on the type of ground or rock, including drill-and-blast, tunnel boring machines, and new techniques like the New Austrian Tunnelling Method. Support methods are also discussed, ranging from timber supports in soft ground to steel arches and concrete linings in harder strata.
This document discusses various aspects of railway track design including gradients, horizontal and vertical curves, super-elevation, and transition curves. It provides formulas for calculating ruling gradient, super-elevation, safe speeds on curves, and other key design elements. Track must be designed to suit the loads and speeds of trains based on safety and economic standards. Proper gradient, curvature, and super-elevation are necessary for smooth train operation.
Railway Engineering - Geometric design of trackMani Vel
This document discusses the importance of proper geometric design of railway tracks. It outlines key considerations for geometric design including gradients, curvature, and track alignment. Proper design is needed to ensure safe train operation at maximum speeds and loads. Specific geometric design elements are described, such as ruling gradients, helper gradients, momentum gradients, and standards for station yard gradients. Grade compensation is also outlined, where steeper gradients are allowed on curved tracks compared to straight tracks.
Rigid pavements are concrete slabs that distribute vehicle loads through beam action. They have high flexural strength and small deflections compared to flexible pavements. The presentation discusses the types of rigid pavements including jointed plain concrete, jointed reinforced concrete, and continuously reinforced concrete pavements. It also covers the design factors for rigid pavements such as traffic loading, subgrade strength, environmental conditions, and material properties. Rigid pavements are designed to last 30 years with minimal maintenance required over the design life.
Friction Considerations : The friction of skid resistance between vehicle tyre and pavement surface is one of the factors determining the operating speed and the minimum distance requires for stopping of vehicles.
Unevenness : The longitudinal profile of the road pavement has to be even' in order to provide a good riding comfort to fast moving vehicles
Light Reflecting Characteristics : Night visibility depends upon the colour and light reflecting characteristics of the pavement surface. The glare caused by the reflection of head lights is considerably high on wet pavement surface than on the dry pavement.
Drainage of Surface Water
This document discusses road failures and the importance of road maintenance. It notes that roads are the primary mode of transportation for passengers and goods in most areas. Inadequate road infrastructure can hinder socioeconomic development. Road maintenance is crucial to ensure a smooth surface for travel and prevent accidents. Over time, roads require maintenance due to various types of failures from minor cracks to major issues. Proper maintenance approaches are needed to minimize these failures and keep roads in good condition for safe transportation.
FDR (full depth rehabilitation) is a process that pulverizes the existing asphalt and base layers, mixes them with cement, and recompacts them to form a stabilized base for a new asphalt surface. It provides benefits like increased strength, sustainability, and cost savings compared to removing and replacing the pavement. The document outlines the FDR process, including pulverizing, grading, adding cement, mixing, compacting, and placing the new asphalt surface. It also discusses design considerations and the benefits of FDR for extending pavement life at lower cost and environmental impact than traditional replacement.
This document discusses the key aspects of designing rubberized hot mix asphalt (RHMA). RHMA uses asphalt rubber binder and gap-graded aggregates. The mix design process involves selecting aggregates and an asphalt rubber binder that meet specifications. The binder is produced by adding crumb rubber to heated asphalt cement. Optimum binder content is a minimum of 7.5% by total weight. Performance tests include the Hamburg wheel track test for rutting resistance and tensile strength ratio test for moisture susceptibility. Proper compaction at high temperatures and aggregate gradation are critical to meeting volumetric and performance requirements.
cement concrete road construction procedure jaknap123456
1) A concrete road provides advantages over bituminous and gravel roads in high rainfall areas by having better drainage and not producing dust.
2) The document describes the construction of a thin flexible concrete road 100mm thick that can support up to 50 commercial vehicles per day at a lower cost than a bituminous road.
3) The constructed road had a 5.5m wide formation and 3.75m wide carriageway, with a murrum sub-base and 100mm thick concrete surfacing layer reinforced with plastic cells.
This document discusses the use of infrared heaters in asphalt pavement construction and repair. It provides examples of infrared heater use at airports in Quebec City in 1995 and Fort Drum Air Base in 2013. Research studies from the Universities of Tennessee and Arkansas found that infrared heating improved the density and reduced the permeability of pavement joints compared to other techniques. The document outlines the infrared patching and longitudinal joint repair processes and provides examples of infrastructure projects where infrared heating helped repair pavement issues and extend the life of asphalt surfaces.
Re use of demolished concrete in construction adnankhan44s
This document discusses reusing demolished concrete in new construction. It aims to reduce costs and environmental pollution by breaking, cleaning, and recycling old concrete for use as aggregates in new concrete. The methodology section outlines plans to create concrete samples with varying percentages of recycled aggregates, and test them against a control sample with only natural aggregates. Tests will examine properties like compressive strength, tensile strength, and workability over time. The research intends to demonstrate using recycled concrete can match key properties of normal concrete while providing environmental and economic benefits.
Cold patching english ver(kim-yeongmin)-2 kict 02 eng 03032013 - copyBayar Tsend
The document discusses the development of an emergency pothole repair material using polyurethane for asphalt pavement. Laboratory tests showed that higher air voids in asphalt increases the possibility of pothole occurrence due to water absorption. A new polyurethane-based emergency repair material was developed with improved water resistance, workability, adhesion and faster curing time compared to existing materials. Field tests showed the new material secured stability against water and increased bonding and tensile strengths over time.
The document discusses innovations in concrete pavement construction, including stringless paving. Stringless paving uses electronic guidance systems instead of stringlines to control elevation and steering of paving machines. This reduces errors and improves smoothness. The document describes the components of stringless systems, including total station or GPS control, and how they communicate. It also discusses advancements in pavement construction equipment and the future of integrating technologies. Finally, it covers the economics of pavement selection and how life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) and life-cycle assessment (LCA) are important factors to consider.
Porous pavements allow stormwater to infiltrate through the pavement and into the soil below. They reduce peak runoff rates and volumes and improve water quality. Porous pavement options include asphalt, concrete, pavers, and turf reinforced products. Proper design, construction, and maintenance are required to prevent clogging and ensure the pavement functions as intended.
Analysis on quality of roads using geoinformaticsSourabh Jain
This document discusses using geospatial technologies like GIS and remote sensing to evaluate road quality by detecting pavement defects. It presents two case studies: one using unsupervised methods and image processing to detect potholes with 81% accuracy, and another using 3D line laser scanning from vehicles up to 100kph to automatically measure rut depth on roads with 5mm accuracy. These innovative techniques can effectively identify road deterioration like potholes and rutting to help transportation agencies better plan maintenance and rehabilitation.
The document discusses the pavement management strategies used by the City of Lakeland's Public Works Construction & Maintenance Division. It provides details on the division's budget, staffing, equipment, and software used. It also summarizes the various pavement preservation techniques utilized over the past 30 years, including surface treatments, slurry seal, microsurfacing, cape seal, and full depth reclamation. Case studies are presented on projects where microsurfacing was used as a "band aid" and on resurfacing runways at Joker Marchant Stadium. Ongoing efforts to improve practices and adopt new preservation methods are also outlined.
An event took place on Thursday, 23 June 2011 to share emerging findings and ensure the review is shaped and informed by the views of stakeholders. Here are the slides which set out the background to the review.
“When it pours, it’s porous.”
Porous asphalt pavements offer developers and planners a new tool in their toolbox for managing storm water. These pavements, used mostly for parking lots, allow water to drain through the pavement surface into a stone recharge bed and infiltrate into the soils below the pavement. Such pavements have been proving their worth since the mid-1970s, and recent changes in storm water regulations have prompted many consulting engineers and public works officials to seek information about them
Sustainable road maintenance strategiesDragos Andrei
Dragos Andrei presented on sustainable road maintenance strategies. He discussed his background and experience in pavement engineering. The presentation covered the state of pavement infrastructure in California and the need for sustainable maintenance approaches. Andrei described key aspects of sustainable roads including durability, recyclability, and use of recycled materials. Various asphalt and concrete recycling techniques were outlined, including cold planning, hot in-place recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full depth reclamation. Implementation of sustainable strategies through pavement management systems and green rating programs was also discussed.
This document discusses different types of rigid concrete pavements, including precast prestressed, joint plain, joint reinforced, continuously reinforced, ultra-thin, and roller compacted pavements. It also describes common failure modes such as cracking, joint deficiencies, and rutting. The pavement design method in South Africa uses a computer simulation program to facilitate decision making. Proper construction practices for concrete roads include surface preparation, concrete mixing and placement, and sawing joints.
This document provides information about failures in flexible pavements. It discusses the major types of failures such as fatigue cracking, rutting, and thermal cracking. It then describes different types of failures that can occur in the subgrade, subbase, and base course layers. Finally, it defines and describes common flexible pavement distresses including various types of cracking, deformation, deterioration, and problems associated with seal coats. The distresses and failures are defined in detail.
The document discusses guidelines for integrated pavement design in Delhi, India. It addresses the need to redesign streets to improve mobility, safety, and ecology. It outlines three goals: 1) improve mobility and accessibility for all people, 2) enhance safety and comfort, and 3) reduce environmental impact. The document then discusses defining three pavement zones, and provides guidelines for edge conditions, pavement design, tree planting, street lighting, amenities, signage, and public art to achieve the goals of mobility, safety, and ecology. Key recommendations include providing clear pedestrian zones, fences and bollards for safety, active commercial edges, minimal setbacks, and safe crosswalks.
Recycle material used in road constructionpavan bathani
As the world population grows, so do the amount and type of waste being generated.Many of the waste produced today will remain in environment.The creation of non decaying waste material, combined with a growing consumer population, has resulted in a waste disposal crisis.
One solution to this crisis lies in recycling waste into useful products.
It is try to match society need for safe and economic disposal of waste material with highway industry need for better and more cost effective construction material.
This presentation is from a host of Public Works Directors to inform communities how they can keep their roadways in good working order with reduced budgets available for maintaining them.
Comparative Design of Column for Different Strengthening Techniques (CFRP)IRJET Journal
This document describes different techniques for strengthening reinforced concrete columns, including carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) wrapping. It provides details on the 10-step CFRP strengthening methodology, including: 1) surface preparation through cleaning and grinding, 2) forming rounded corners, 3) marking the wrapping area, 4) drilling holes for anchors, 5) applying a primer coating, 6) using putty to fill uneven areas, 7) cutting the carbon fiber to length, 8) wrapping the fiber around the column with resin, 9) installing anchors and applying a top coat, and 10) providing a protective fireproof coating. The objective of column strengthening is to increase structural capacity and resistance through external fiber reinforcement bonding.
This is an introductory presentation into the world of linings that are used in various industries. We will review what a lining is and what types of linings exist in the market place. We will also discuss how to choose or specify a lining system which includes surface preparation, proper application, repairs to lining defect and how fast a lining will be ready for service.
If you have any questions Contact us at:
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This document discusses different types of interface treatments used in pavement construction. It begins by defining an interface treatment as applying a thin layer of bituminous binder to the surface of an existing pavement layer before constructing a new bituminous layer. It then discusses prime coats, tack coats, and seal coats. For prime coats, it describes the purpose and materials used. It discusses best practices for application and important properties like penetration, curing time, strength and impermeability. For tack coats, it provides guidelines for surface preparation and application rates. Finally, it describes seal coats and the typical materials and process used to lay them down.
This document describes the process for manufacturing printed circuit boards (PCBs) at Genus PCB. The key steps include:
1) Shearing and drilling copper clad laminate as per the design.
2) Plating through holes and depositing copper in desired areas using photo imaging and plating.
3) Stripping, etching, and stripping again to remove unwanted copper.
4) Applying solder mask and hot air leveling solder.
5) Testing and final quality control before separation and packaging of individual PCBs. Quality issues like shorts, breaks, or misalignment can occur if dust or films are not properly removed between steps.
This document discusses special micro-surfacing applications, including definitions of micro-surfacing technology, formulations using gap graded aggregates and synthetics fibers, and applications for crack relief and heavy duty pavement repair. Micro-surfacing is described as a cold-mix material applied in thin layers to seal and provide friction to existing pavement surfaces. Gap graded formulations using fibers allow for rut filling and improved performance. The document provides details on material testing, specifications for application rates, and preparation methods.
IRJET- Systematic Prevention and Repair of Potholes in Flexible PavementIRJET Journal
This document discusses systematic prevention and repair of potholes in flexible pavement. It begins by defining potholes and describing their causes, such as poor drainage, inadequate pavement strength, and traffic loading. It then outlines a methodology to understand factors leading to pothole formation, including environmental, structural, traffic, construction, and maintenance quality issues. Prevention techniques like fog sealing are described to seal surfaces and prevent water infiltration. Repair methods like the throw and roll, semi-permanent, spray injection, and overlay techniques are also summarized. The document concludes by expecting the outcomes of introducing plastic and fly ash in bitumen to be cost reduction, better waste disposal, and reduced need for future maintenance.
This document summarizes T.T Ehsan Sdn Bhd's microtrenching process for fiber optic installation. Key aspects include:
1) A detailed survey is conducted to identify manhole placements, road crossings, and trench positioning.
2) Ground penetrating radar is used to detect existing buried utilities before trenching to minimize disruption.
3) Microtrenches 100mm wide and 250mm deep are cut using specialized wet or dry cutting machines.
4) Ducts are inserted into the trenches and backfilled using cold asphalt pavement that hardens within an hour, allowing quick restoration and traffic use.
Product Development for Future using Rapid Prototyping TechniquesIRJET Journal
This document discusses rapid prototyping techniques for product development. It begins by defining rapid prototyping as a process that helps improve product quality and reduce prototyping costs by quickly building models from 3D computer designs. The two main types of rapid prototyping are additive manufacturing, which adds material to build a geometry, and subtractive manufacturing, which removes material from a solid. The document then examines several specific rapid prototyping techniques like stereolithography, laminated object manufacturing, selective laser sintering, 3D inkjet printing, and fused deposition modeling. It concludes that future developments in rapid prototyping will include making larger parts, improving surface finish and accuracy, and using new materials to further enhance the product
1) The document discusses different methods for repairing potholes in bituminous roads, including throw and roll, spray injection, and edge seal repairs.
2) It analyzes the formation of potholes, effects of potholes, and advantages and disadvantages of various repair techniques.
3) Spray injection and edge seal repairs provide more durable repairs compared to the basic throw and roll method, but require more equipment and time. Proper repair selection and technique can increase longevity and safety of roads.
This method statement provides instructions for repairing honeycombs in concrete structures. It outlines the materials needed, including epoxy, grout and microconcrete. It describes mobilizing the workforce and equipment. The method statement then details the procedures for surface preparation, identifying shallow or deep honeycombs, forming deep repairs, mixing materials, placing grout, and curing. Quality control measures include inspections according to approved test plans and checklists. Safety responsibilities are also assigned. The method statement aims to ensure repairs are completed according to project specifications, standards and health and safety requirements.
This document provides information on finishing works for a building project in Puri, Odisha. It discusses various types of finishing including flooring works with different flooring options like vitrified tiles, VDF flooring, and PU flooring. For vitrified tiles, it describes the different types like glazed vitrified tiles, full body vitrified tiles, and double charged vitrified tiles. It also discusses the quality assurance and control processes for vitrified tile works. For VDF flooring, it explains the vacuum dewatering process and quality control measures. PU flooring installation steps are also outlined.
Centrifugal Iso-finishing for Additive Manufactured PartsDDaveDavidson
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing is a high-energy, high-quality, high-speed hands-free mechanical method for deburring, finishing and polishing of 3D printed (additive manufactured) parts as well as coventional subtractive manufactured parts. High Centrifugal force is utilized to accelerated process cycle times and make use of smaller dimensioned media to access intricate and complex part shapes. Useful for hand-deburring minimization and for developing low-micro-inch polished surfaces. Centrifugal Iso-Burnishing can be used for developing compressive stress in part surfaces on the order of that achieved by shot peening making parts much more resistant to fatigue failure or fracture. Plateaud or planarized surfaces improve bearing load capacity of cooperating parts with more wear resistance and improved tribological properties. FREE sample part finishing available, Contact Dave Davidson at ddavidson@deburring-techgroup.com. SEE ALSO https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing for Additive Manufactured PartsDave Davidson
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing Technology is used on 3D Printed and conventional CNC precision machined components for deburring, finishing and polishing. It is a high-speed, high-quality hands-free finishing method that produces highly refined surface finishes in a fraction of the time required by other equipment (10 times faster, in many cases) Free sample finishing of your parts is available, contact Dave Davidson at ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com
Masking a printed circuit board for the conformal coating process can be an easy task. However, many circuits can be damaged beyond repair if you get it wrong.
Understand the fundamentals of conformal coating masking, what different materials are available, the problems associated with these masking products and how to get the best out of your process.
Mprobe system allows measuring on curved surfaces quickly and reliably by using manual probe or microscope option. There are many cases when coating on product with curved/non-flat surface. Some examples are like hardcoat layers on headlights in automotive manufacturing process,polymer or other bicompatible coating on medical implant devices,coating inside tubing.
Similar to Asphalt pavement maintenace techniques and equipments for mongolia 02282012 eng (20)
The document provides details of a training program for the Ulaanbaatar Urban Planning Improvement Project. It outlines 7 sectors covered in the training, including socioeconomic development, land use, transportation, urban design, environment and disaster management, and urban engineering. For each sector, it lists key topics that will be covered in training sessions, workshops, and pilot planning programs between 2014-2016. The training aims to enhance skills in urban planning, strengthen participatory processes, establish a shared urban database, and upgrade planning software for stakeholders in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
This document summarizes a $104.5 million investment program to develop urban services and ger areas in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The program will be implemented over 9 years in 3 tranches and aims to establish a network of well-developed sub-centers in ger areas. Tranche 1 financing of $53.7 million is being provided by the Asian Development Bank, European Investment Bank, and Government of Mongolia. The funds will go towards infrastructure projects like roads, bridges, water, sewerage, and heating in initial sub-center developments in Bayankhoshuu, Selbe, Chingeltei, and Khailaast.
Asphalt Binders Used in Mongolia in the view of Superpave Specification,jul...Bayar Tsend
The document summarizes test results for 5 asphalt binder samples from Mongolia using the Superpave specification. The samples can be divided into 4 groups: Sample 2 should be rejected due to water contamination and added lighter oils. Sample 5 is a very good conventional binder meeting the requirements for standard traffic. Samples 1 and 3 are also good conventional binders meeting the same standard traffic requirements. Sample 4 is suitable for warmer climates only. Sample 2 should not be used for paving.
2. Company Introduction
Founded by the professors and experts from Xi’an Highway University in 1978, specialized in supplying the
integrated solutions of asphalt pavement maintenance techniques and equipments.
Having the largest and most professional asphalt equipments research, design and manufacture base in
China.
Drafting the industrial standard of the asphalt heating and spraying equipments in China.
The only one listed-company in asphalt heating and spraying industry in China (Stock Code: 300103).
Office building The Largest Asphalt Equipments Base in China
3. Integrated Solution of Asphalt Pavement Construction & Maintenance
Techniques and Equipments
I. Gravel Road or Earth Road Fast and Cost-effective Surfacing and Equipments
II. Asphalt Pavement Preventive Maintenance Techniques and Equipments
III. Common Asphalt Pavement Distresses Treatment Techniques and Equipments
IV. Asphalt Pavement Rehabilitation Techniques and Equipments
V. Asphalt Materials Handling Techniques and Equipments
4. Part I.
Gravel Road or Earth Road Fast and Cost-effective
Surfacing and Equipments
5. The gravel road and earth road usually have much dust in sunny day and become
sludgy in rainy day as shown in following pictures.
In order to solve the problems mentioned above and improve all-weather traffic
capacity of the gravel and earth road with low cost and high efficiency, it is
recommend the following surfacing treatment:
Double Bituminous Surface Treatment(DBST) or Double Chip Seal.
6. WHAT IS DBST:
Double Bituminous Surface Treatment (DBST) is a double application of asphalt
binder in the form of an emulsion or hot spray or sometimes cutback followed by a
double application of an aggregate as close to uniform-size as possible.
Intelligent Asphalt Distributor Chip Spreader Tire Roller
DBST is better applicable to a road with medium or low-traffic volume (<4000 ADT-
Average Daily Traffic) .
7. Main Materials:
(Modified) Asphalt Emulsion or Asphalt Rubber (recommended)
Aggregate (Chips)
Correct Asphalt Emulsion Binder Clean and Single-size Aggregate
8. Main Equipments:
Computer-control Asphalt Distributor (spraying prime coat and binding coat)
Computer-control Chip Spreader (spreading chips/aggregate)
The high-performance Computer-control Asphalt Distributor and Chip Spreader is absolutely
essential for a successful DBST, which can accurately control the spraying/spreading amount
and uniformity of asphalt binder and aggregate.
9. Synchronous Chip Sealer (synchronously spraying asphalt binder and spreading aggregate on
one machine. It is a combination of Asphalt Distributor and Chip Spreader ).
Advantages of Synchronous Chip Sealing:
Simultaneous spraying ensuring a perfect cohesion between the binder/chips
The time between the spraying on the binder and the chips is constant
This two in one machine makes it possible to use one less truck
The reduction of the number of trucks on a work site makes it possible to divide the consumed energy by
two and thus reduce emissions of green-house gases.
11. Correct equipments selected + Correct Materials + Strictly construction procedure control
= Successful Chip Seal and Great Benefits
DBST Asphalt Pavement
12. DBST Vs. Asphalt Concrete
Equipment Cost Construction Cost Service Life Construction Period
Asphalt Concrete 100% 100% 5 to 8 years Approx. 1.5 km/day
(4cm)
DBST (around 1.5 Approx. 50% Approx. 50% 5 to 8 years Approx. 10km/day
cm)
13. Construction Case:
Double Chip Seal Project
Double Chip Seal Project
(Best combination for big chip seal
project)
16. II-1: WHAT IS PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE:
It is performed to improve or extend the functional life of a pavement. It is a strategy of surface
treatments and operations intended to retard progressive failures and reduce the need for routine
maintenance and service activities.
Trough researches to the maintenance costs and efficiency, it was indicated that doing 3-4 time of
preventive maintenance works during the service life of a pavement will prolong its service life
for 10-15 years, and 45%-50% maintenance cost will be saved.
Road Service Road Service
Performance Performance
Road Service Life Road Service Life
17. II-2: LOW-TRAFFICE-VOLUME ASPHALT PAVEMENT PREVENTIVE
MAINTENANCE
For the low-traffic-volume asphalt pavement(as shown on pictures below), it is recommended to
use the quick and low-cost seal coat for preventive maintenance.
Seal coat has the same construction procedures, materials and equipments with the double chip seal
besides the seal coat is single-layer structure and the double chip seal is a double-layer structure.
19. II-3: HEAVY-TRAFFIC-VOLUME ASPHALT PAVEMENT PREVENTIVE
MAINTENANCE
For the heavy-traffic-volume road (as shown on pictures below), it is recommended to use the quick
and cost-effective Micro Surfacing for preventive maintenance.
20. What is Micro-Surfacing:
Micro surfacing is a polymer-modified cold-mix paving system and begins as a mixture of dense-graded
aggregate, polymer-modified asphalt emulsion, water, mineral fillers and additives.
Micro surfacing is made and applied to existing pavements by a specialist machine-Micro Surfacing
Paver, which carries all components, mixes them on site, and spreads the mixture onto the road surface.
33. The equipment can patch the following
distresses:
Cracking
Shoving and Corrugation
Raveling
Potholes
Patch Deterioration
Asphalt Pavement Distresses Patching Equipments
37. Rehabilitation is mainly applied to the pavement which has a majority of area to
occur structurally damages and it needs milling or recycling in certain depth and re-
overlay. Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) is a perfect pavement rehabilitation
techniques for asphalt pavement that does not require heat while recycling the in-
place material. CIR can reduce the road life cycle cost by reusing the old
aggregates and asphalt materials, as well as improving road strength and grade.
42. V-2. Hot Asphalt Transporting and Heat-preserving Techniques and Equipments
Equipped with automatic heating system and
loading/unloading system.
43. V-3. Asphalt Emulsion Technique and Equipment
An Asphalt Emulsion consists of asphalt particles dispersed in water and chemically
stabilized. Nowadays, (modified) asphalt emulsion is widely applied to the prime coat, tack
coat, chip sealing, slurry seal, micro surfacing, cold recycling, etc.
Asphalt emulsion has some obvious advantages:
Can be applied/sprayed at normal temperature.
No extra heating required.
Safety for workers
Pollution control.
44. V-4. Polymer Modified Asphalt Technique and Equipment
Increasing traffic volumes, vehicle loads , tire pressures, high and low temperature are causing
accelerated road damage. Polymer Modified Asphalt is better combating these effects and
generally considered to provide prolonged life or enhanced road performance.
45. V-5. Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt (Asphalt Rubber) Techniques and Equipments
Asphalt-rubber is a binder used in various types of
flexible pavement construction including surface
treatments and hot mixes. According to the
ASTM definition, asphalt-rubber is “ a blend of
asphalt cement, reclaimed tire rubber, and certain
additives in which the rubber component is at
least 15 percent by weight of the total blend and
has reacted in the hot asphalt cement sufficiently
to cause swelling of the rubber particles”.
46. Main Benefits of Asphalt Rubber Paving Materials:
Extended pavement service life for 5-10 years and
lower pavement maintenance costs.
Reduced traffic noise, ranging from 3 to 8 db.
Reduced splash, spray, and hydroplaning during and
immediately after rains and thus improves safety.
Improved resistance to rutting (permanent
deformation) due to higher viscosity, softening points
and resilience.
Improved resistance to fatigue/reflection cracking due
Asphalt Rubber Mixing Unit
to higher binder contents and elasticity.
Improved resistance to aging and oxidation due to
higher binder contents, thicker binder films, and anti-
oxidants in the tire rubber.
Better chip retention in chip seals due to thick binder
films.
Savings in energy and natural resources by using
waste products.
Asphalt Rubber
Reaction Tank
47. Asphalt Rubber Chip Seal Overlay (after 8 years
use )
Asphalt Rubber Chip Seal Overlay (after 6 years
use )
48. The Asphalt Rubber concrete friction course not appeared
reflection cracks after 8 years use
The conventional asphalt concrete friction course
appeared reflection cracks after 8 years use