Asiya begum tlm
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Teaching learning materials (TLMs) are tools used by teachers to help students learn concepts easily and efficiently. TLMs refer to educational materials that support specific learning objectives in lesson plans. TLMs are needed because they help students retain concepts permanently, motivate learning, develop conceptual understanding, create interest, increase vocabulary, allow teachers more time, and provide direct experiences. TLMs also play an important role by creating motivation, clarifying ideas, supporting student learning, adding structure to lessons, differentiating instruction, and facilitating the teaching and learning process.
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teacher made test Vs standardized test
Standardized tests are more rigorous and scientifically developed than teacher-made tests. They require a panel of experts including content specialists, test designers, and teachers to plan the test, write items, test the items, and establish validity and reliability through field testing and statistical analysis. The process ensures the tests accurately measure what they aim to without bias. Teacher-made tests are simpler to create by individual teachers and better tied to local classroom needs, but are not as reliable or valid as standardized tests due to less rigorous development and analysis. Both have advantages for different assessment purposes.
Nrt and crt
The document discusses norm-referenced tests (NRTs) and criterion-referenced tests (CRTs).
- NRTs indicate how a pupil's performance compares to other pupils based on a norm group. CRTs indicate how a pupil's performance compares to an established standard or criterion thought to indicate mastery of a skill.
- The purpose of testing, information desired, and type of test required are related - NRTs are used to rank students compared to a norm, while CRTs are used to assess proficiency against a standard.
- Key differences are that NRTs compare students to a norm group while CRTs assess against a set standard, and CRT results
EFFECTIVE USE OF TEACHING LEARNING MATERIAL IN TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS
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This is the presentation which was presented in PPT CONTEST on TCP PRESENTO 2020 organized by THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.Issues and challenges in inclusive education
Inclusive education aims to educate students with special needs alongside their non-disabled peers. However, implementing inclusive education faces challenges such as a lack of resources, large class sizes, and teachers who are not properly trained. It is also difficult to change social attitudes towards disability, involve parents who resist inclusion, and link research to practical classroom instruction. Overcoming these issues and challenges is necessary to successfully establish inclusive education programs.
models of teaching
Models of teaching provide teachers with research-based strategies and frameworks to guide planning and instruction. They describe effective teaching approaches and the roles of teachers and students. Using models of teaching can help meet the needs of diverse learners, improve the quality of instruction, and accelerate student learning. They benefit both teachers, by facilitating systematic planning and assessment, and students, by increasing engagement and academic self-esteem.
Teachers role in curriculum implementation
A teacher plays an important role in implementing the curriculum by generating varied learning experiences and flexibly interpreting curricular aims. The teacher plans learning experiences by relating objectives to content and modifying objectives as needed. Contextual teaching connects learning to the real world through activities like role plays and case studies. Selecting appropriate learning resources and experiences is important to achieve learning objectives across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains.
Skill of Introduction (set induction)
Thank you for the feedback. I will work on providing more concise multi-sentence summaries in the future.
Social demand approach
The social demand approach to educational planning requires education authorities to provide schools and facilities for all students who demand admission and are qualified. It views education as a social service demanded by people. The key factors that influence social demand for education include the costs of education, both direct and indirect; the benefits of education; government policies around fees and financial aid; distance to schools; quality of schooling; demographic data; and cultural factors. While this approach provides a starting point for planning education to meet social needs, it ignores cost constraints and employment needs. It can also lead to overproduction of some skills and underproduction of others if not balanced with other approaches.
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teacher made test Vs standardized test
Standardized tests are more rigorous and scientifically developed than teacher-made tests. They require a panel of experts including content specialists, test designers, and teachers to plan the test, write items, test the items, and establish validity and reliability through field testing and statistical analysis. The process ensures the tests accurately measure what they aim to without bias. Teacher-made tests are simpler to create by individual teachers and better tied to local classroom needs, but are not as reliable or valid as standardized tests due to less rigorous development and analysis. Both have advantages for different assessment purposes.
Nrt and crt
The document discusses norm-referenced tests (NRTs) and criterion-referenced tests (CRTs).
- NRTs indicate how a pupil's performance compares to other pupils based on a norm group. CRTs indicate how a pupil's performance compares to an established standard or criterion thought to indicate mastery of a skill.
- The purpose of testing, information desired, and type of test required are related - NRTs are used to rank students compared to a norm, while CRTs are used to assess proficiency against a standard.
- Key differences are that NRTs compare students to a norm group while CRTs assess against a set standard, and CRT results
EFFECTIVE USE OF TEACHING LEARNING MATERIAL IN TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS
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This is the presentation which was presented in PPT CONTEST on TCP PRESENTO 2020 organized by THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.Issues and challenges in inclusive education
Inclusive education aims to educate students with special needs alongside their non-disabled peers. However, implementing inclusive education faces challenges such as a lack of resources, large class sizes, and teachers who are not properly trained. It is also difficult to change social attitudes towards disability, involve parents who resist inclusion, and link research to practical classroom instruction. Overcoming these issues and challenges is necessary to successfully establish inclusive education programs.
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Models of teaching provide teachers with research-based strategies and frameworks to guide planning and instruction. They describe effective teaching approaches and the roles of teachers and students. Using models of teaching can help meet the needs of diverse learners, improve the quality of instruction, and accelerate student learning. They benefit both teachers, by facilitating systematic planning and assessment, and students, by increasing engagement and academic self-esteem.
Teachers role in curriculum implementation
A teacher plays an important role in implementing the curriculum by generating varied learning experiences and flexibly interpreting curricular aims. The teacher plans learning experiences by relating objectives to content and modifying objectives as needed. Contextual teaching connects learning to the real world through activities like role plays and case studies. Selecting appropriate learning resources and experiences is important to achieve learning objectives across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains.
Skill of Introduction (set induction)
Thank you for the feedback. I will work on providing more concise multi-sentence summaries in the future.
Social demand approach
The social demand approach to educational planning requires education authorities to provide schools and facilities for all students who demand admission and are qualified. It views education as a social service demanded by people. The key factors that influence social demand for education include the costs of education, both direct and indirect; the benefits of education; government policies around fees and financial aid; distance to schools; quality of schooling; demographic data; and cultural factors. While this approach provides a starting point for planning education to meet social needs, it ignores cost constraints and employment needs. It can also lead to overproduction of some skills and underproduction of others if not balanced with other approaches.
Glaser’s Basic Teaching (Classroom Meeting).pdf
Glaser's Basic Teaching Model is a psychological model of teaching developed by Robert Glaser in 1962. It explains the relationship between teaching and learning through four basic components: (1) instructional objectives, (2) entering behaviors of students, (3) instructional procedures used by the teacher, and (4) performance assessments to evaluate student learning. The model assumes students have prior knowledge and the teacher guides students from their entering behaviors to achieving the instructional objectives through various teaching methods and strategies. It can be applied to any subject or grade level to systematically structure the teaching and learning process.
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1) Hardware approach (Educational Technology I) which focuses on machines and equipment like audiovisual aids and computers.
2) Software approach (Educational Technology II) which is based on theories of learning and uses instructional procedures and aids like pictures, maps, and programmed learning packages.
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A teacher must possess both professional and personal qualities to be effective. Professional qualities include solid knowledge of their subject field, understanding of human growth and development, and skill with teaching methods. Personal qualities that are important for teachers include passion for teaching, the ability to use humor, being a good role model of values like open-mindedness and fairness, and having patience. The degree of a teacher's success depends greatly on their attitude towards their job.
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Flander's interaction analysis is a technique for analyzing classroom interactions between teachers and students. It involves encoding verbal exchanges into categories to quantify dimensions like communication, coordination, and integration. Flander developed 10 categories to classify teacher talk, student talk, and silence. The process involves an observer encoding exchanges in real-time, then decoding the data through matrices to analyze proportions of interaction types and identify constructive vs vicious interaction cycles. Advantages include providing teachers feedback to improve instructional quality and measuring the social-emotional climate of the classroom.
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This document discusses teaching aids and their importance in education. It begins by introducing the presenter and providing objectives for the presentation. It then defines teaching aids as materials that help students understand concepts and notes their purpose is to reinforce ideas, engage students, and accommodate different learning styles. The document outlines different types of teaching aids, including visual, audio, and audiovisual aids. It emphasizes that teaching aids motivate students, clarify lessons, encourage understanding over cramming, make classrooms more lively, and provide direct experience. Examples of common teaching aids are given such as whiteboards, flipcharts, projectors, and audio/visual recordings.
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1. The document discusses action research, which aims to help teachers and administrators improve their work by researching problems in their local setting.
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Teaching learning materials (TLM) refer to educational resources like games, videos and flashcards that teachers use to support learning objectives. TLMs make lessons more interesting, help students learn and remember concepts for longer, and allow teachers to effectively deliver lessons. Some uses of TLMs include increasing student motivation, making learning easier, promoting critical thinking, and creating opportunities for student-teacher and student-student interaction. When used properly, TLMs can improve the teaching and learning process.
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This document discusses instructional aids in social science education. It defines instructional aids as tools that help improve learning by reinforcing concepts, differentiating instruction, and engaging multiple senses. The document outlines the importance of aids in making learning engaging, supplementing teaching, and motivating students. It then classifies aids as projected, non-projected, or activity aids. In conclusion, it states that instructional aids are essential for effective instruction by stimulating interest and promoting understanding when used to supplement a lesson.
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Glaser’s Basic Teaching (Classroom Meeting).pdf
Glaser's Basic Teaching Model is a psychological model of teaching developed by Robert Glaser in 1962. It explains the relationship between teaching and learning through four basic components: (1) instructional objectives, (2) entering behaviors of students, (3) instructional procedures used by the teacher, and (4) performance assessments to evaluate student learning. The model assumes students have prior knowledge and the teacher guides students from their entering behaviors to achieving the instructional objectives through various teaching methods and strategies. It can be applied to any subject or grade level to systematically structure the teaching and learning process.
Issues and challenges of inclusive education
The document discusses barriers to inclusive education for students with disabilities in Australia. It notes there is a lack of uniformity in how students are identified across the country. The Queensland government recognizes six main disability categories but students face many barriers to inclusion including a lack of teacher training, resources and support. Three interventions are proposed: modifying curriculum and teacher training to enhance knowledge of special needs, ensuring teachers are trained in inclusive practices, and having special educators involved in teacher education to help general teachers support students with disabilities.
Learning resources
Learning resources are devices and procedures that make teaching and learning more engaging. There are several principles for selecting and utilizing learning resources effectively. Resources should be appropriate for students' ages, interests, and educational objectives. They must be simple, accurate, and available within the school's budget. While resources can enhance learning when used properly, there are also limitations like teacher apathy, financial constraints, and dependency on stable electricity. Proper training is needed to ensure teachers optimize learning resources.
flanders’ system of interaction analysis
This document describes Flanders' system of interaction analysis, a method developed by Ned Flanders in 1959 to categorize and analyze classroom interactions between teachers and students. There are 10 categories divided into teacher talk, student talk, and silence/confusion. To use the system, a classroom is observed and interactions are recorded and assigned codes. The coded interactions are then tabulated in a matrix to analyze quantitatively using behavior ratios like teacher talk ratio, indirect teacher talk ratio, direct teacher talk ratio, student talk ratio, and silence/confusion ratio. This provides insight into the teacher's encouragement of student participation versus restriction of participation.
Types of educational technology
This document discusses three approaches to educational technology:
1) Hardware approach (Educational Technology I) which focuses on machines and equipment like audiovisual aids and computers.
2) Software approach (Educational Technology II) which is based on theories of learning and uses instructional procedures and aids like pictures, maps, and programmed learning packages.
3) System approach (Educational Technology III) which takes a systematic view of the entire educational process and the roles of people, machines, and media within an educational system.
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The document discusses several key schemes and programmes in India related to education for children with disabilities. The Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC) scheme launched in 1974 aims to integrate disabled children into normal school systems. The National Handicapped Finance and Development Corporation provides loans for self-employment, entrepreneurship, education, and assistive devices. The Inclusive Education for Disabled at Secondary Stage (IEDSS) scheme launched in 2009 provides support for children with disabilities to complete secondary education in inclusive environments.
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This document outlines the historical development of teacher education in India. It discusses teacher education from ancient times through the British period. In ancient India, teaching was limited to Brahmin communities and certain families, and there was no formal teacher training. During the Buddhist period, teaching became open to all enlightened people, and a more formal teacher training system emerged. Under Muslim rule, there was no standardized teacher training, and educated people called Molvies taught at madrassas. The document provides an overview of teacher education in different historical periods in India and concludes that as education became more professionalized over time, so did approaches to teacher training.
Purpose of assessment
This document discusses the purpose and importance of assessment in education. It states that assessment is an integral part of the educational process that is used by teachers to collect information on student learning. When done systematically and effectively, assessment can help students grow as learners. The document outlines that assessment provides useful information for improving teaching and learning, evaluating if students can apply knowledge, and facilitating instructional, administrative, and parental functions. It concludes that assessment serves to establish students' knowledge and skills, identify instructional needs, maintain quality education, and foster parent-teacher relationships.
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This document discusses different approaches to evaluation in education. It describes RCEM approach, which was developed by the Regional College of Education in Mysore, India. RCEM approach classifies educational objectives into categories based on cognitive domains and mental abilities. It emphasizes linking objectives, learning experiences, and expected changes in student behavior. The document also discusses types of evaluation like formative, summative, and impact evaluations. It provides the format of a lesson plan according to the evaluation approach, including objectives, teaching methods, and assessment of student learning.
Qualities of a good teacher
A teacher must possess both professional and personal qualities to be effective. Professional qualities include solid knowledge of their subject field, understanding of human growth and development, and skill with teaching methods. Personal qualities that are important for teachers include passion for teaching, the ability to use humor, being a good role model of values like open-mindedness and fairness, and having patience. The degree of a teacher's success depends greatly on their attitude towards their job.
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Ishfaq Majid. “ICT in Assessment: A Backbone for Teaching and Learning Process” United International Journal for Research & Technology (UIJRT) 1.3 (2019): 38-40.Flander’s interaction analysis
Flander's interaction analysis is a technique for analyzing classroom interactions between teachers and students. It involves encoding verbal exchanges into categories to quantify dimensions like communication, coordination, and integration. Flander developed 10 categories to classify teacher talk, student talk, and silence. The process involves an observer encoding exchanges in real-time, then decoding the data through matrices to analyze proportions of interaction types and identify constructive vs vicious interaction cycles. Advantages include providing teachers feedback to improve instructional quality and measuring the social-emotional climate of the classroom.
Models of teaching ppt
This document defines models of teaching as instructional designs that specify environmental situations to cause student interaction and behavioral change. A model of teaching consists of guidelines for designing educational activities and environments to achieve instructional goals. The document discusses the assumptions, functions, elements, features, and families of models of teaching, noting they help teachers plan activities and curriculum according to learning outcomes, environment, and performance criteria. Models are classified into information processing, social, personal, and behavioral systems families based on psychological learning theories and instructional goals.
Agencies of education
AGENCIES OF EDUCATION,FORMAL AGENCIES OF EDUCATION, INFORMAL AGENCIES OF EDUCATION,INFORMAL AGENCIES OF EDUCATION , FAMILY, AND EDUCATIONAL FUNCTIONS OF FAMILY,PEER GROUP , AND ROLE OF PEER GROUPS, EDUCATIONAL ROLE OF COMMUNITY, THE MASS MEDIA ,E, AND EDUCATIONAL FUNCTIONS OF MASS MEDIA.
Effective Use of Teaching Aids
The document discusses effective use of teaching aids. It provides tips on choosing the appropriate visual aid based on context, and how to effectively use common teaching aids like whiteboards, overhead projectors, PowerPoint, and various media. The advantages and disadvantages of different teaching aids are outlined to help instructors select options that best support their learning objectives and engage students. Key considerations for using teaching aids effectively include preparation, presentation skills, readability, and relevance to the topic.
Educational technology, concept, objectives and scope
1) The document discusses the concept, objectives, and scope of educational technology. It defines educational technology as a system involving machines, materials, media, methods, and men working together to achieve educational goals.
2) Educational technology applies scientific principles to instruction and aims to optimize the teaching-learning process. It incorporates technological innovations in education and technologizing education.
3) The scope of educational technology ranges from concrete educational processes to abstract ones, and includes using hardware, software, and systems analysis in educational operations like curriculum development, teacher training, and evaluation.
Teaching aids
This document discusses teaching aids and their importance in education. It begins by introducing the presenter and providing objectives for the presentation. It then defines teaching aids as materials that help students understand concepts and notes their purpose is to reinforce ideas, engage students, and accommodate different learning styles. The document outlines different types of teaching aids, including visual, audio, and audiovisual aids. It emphasizes that teaching aids motivate students, clarify lessons, encourage understanding over cramming, make classrooms more lively, and provide direct experience. Examples of common teaching aids are given such as whiteboards, flipcharts, projectors, and audio/visual recordings.
Action research
1. The document discusses action research, which aims to help teachers and administrators improve their work by researching problems in their local setting.
2. Action research focuses on immediate, practical problems and solutions rather than developing broad theories. It involves practitioners researching their own practices.
3. The key aspects of action research covered include its objectives, characteristics, steps, advantages, and limitations. The overall importance of action research is that it can help improve the teaching and learning process.
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This presentation explores the idea of using Total Quality management principles for the functioning of teacher education institutes,
LIBERALIZATION IN INDIA
Liberalization in India's education system could have positive impacts but also risks. It may increase funding for research and expand supply to meet shortage, while competition improves quality. However, it could also increase unemployment and monopolies. Possible solutions include limiting the government's role to regulation, establishing an effective regulator, and conditions on foreign institutions like requiring Indian leadership and oversight of tuition increases. Overall the document discusses the concept of liberalization, status in India, and impacts as well as potential regulatory solutions.
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ICT in Assessment: A Backbone for Teaching and Learning Process
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This document discusses instructional aids in social science education. It defines instructional aids as tools that help improve learning by reinforcing concepts, differentiating instruction, and engaging multiple senses. The document outlines the importance of aids in making learning engaging, supplementing teaching, and motivating students. It then classifies aids as projected, non-projected, or activity aids. In conclusion, it states that instructional aids are essential for effective instruction by stimulating interest and promoting understanding when used to supplement a lesson.
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Meghan Roberts Magruder presented on key components to successfully teaching English language learners (ELLs). Some important factors include being understanding, patient, and positive with ELL students. When lesson planning, teachers should define key vocabulary, scaffold lessons in small portions with review, and incorporate a variety of instructional strategies. Engaging students with technology, sharing time, and helpful resources like Brainpop Jr and Word Their Way can also support ELL learning.
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This is uploaded by Indoss Institute-----
INDOSS is the premier teacher training institute in delhi offering, nursery/primary teacher training (NPTT), nursery teacher training (NTT),B.Ed for aspiring teachers and Montessori school administrators. The courseware has been developed by senior montessorians and the Montessori course has proven to be comprehensive for the pre-school level, to anyone who wants to become teacher. We offer full-time, part-time and distance learning courses with contact programs and practical workshops.
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Asiya begum tlm
- 2. INTRODUCTION Teaching learning materials are the tools which are used by teacher to help learners to learn concept with ease and effeciency. In the field of education TLM is a commonly used acronym that stands for “teaching learning materials “ broadly the term refers to a spectrum of educational materials that teacher use in the class room to support specific learning objectives , as set out in lesson plans.
- 3. NEED OF TLMs every individual has the tendency to forget proper use of TLMs helps to retain more concepts permanently. students can learn better when they are motivated properly through different TLMs. teaching aids develop the proper image when the students see hear taste and smell properly. TLMs provide complete example of conceptual thinking.
- 4. the teaching aids create the environment of interest for the students. teaching aids helps to increase the vocabulary of the students. teaching aids helps the teacher to get some time and make learning permanent. teaching aids provide direct experience to the students.
- 5. Importance of TLMs TLMs play a very important role in teaching learning process importance of TLMs are as follows ; Creates motivation clarification supports students learning add important structure to lesson planning Differentiation of instruction TLMs can be easily acquired
- 6. facilitates teaching learning process TLMs increase the internal motivation for learning there are varieties of TLMs