This document provides information about anxiety disorders that school counselors should know. It discusses how anxiety disorders are different from normal anxiety in that they are excessive, unreasonable, and impairing. It outlines common physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms of anxiety disorders. The document emphasizes that anxiety disorders are highly prevalent but often underdiagnosed and undertreated conditions that typically begin in childhood/adolescence. Left untreated, they can negatively impact functioning and lead to other issues.
Anxiety Disorders in Kids...An Overview for Parents and TeachersStephen Grcevich, MD
This presentation is an overview of how anxiety symptoms manifest in children and teens, and an overview of the two primary treatment modalities (Cognitive-Behavioral therapy and medication). This talk was presented with Dr. Sherri McClurg at Lake Ridge Academy in North Ridgeville, OH, October 6, 2011.
Presentation delivered at Women in Transition: a weekly support group offered at Kaiser Permanente Adult Psychiatry. Cupertino, California. Presented by Lucia Merino, LCSW.
Pyschotherapist.
Anxiety Disorders in Kids...An Overview for Parents and TeachersStephen Grcevich, MD
This presentation is an overview of how anxiety symptoms manifest in children and teens, and an overview of the two primary treatment modalities (Cognitive-Behavioral therapy and medication). This talk was presented with Dr. Sherri McClurg at Lake Ridge Academy in North Ridgeville, OH, October 6, 2011.
Presentation delivered at Women in Transition: a weekly support group offered at Kaiser Permanente Adult Psychiatry. Cupertino, California. Presented by Lucia Merino, LCSW.
Pyschotherapist.
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders (DSM-V)Adesh Agrawal
The disorders those characterized by repetitive behavior, are included under this broad chapter in DSM-5. Here we prepared this PPT in which we tried to cover the whole topic in a very comprehensive and concise manner. We hope that this will help you to understand it in an easy way.
your further suggestions will be appreciated.
Learn about adolescent anxiety, including risks, warning signs, how anxiety can affect the body and well-being, and how cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help your child better cope with life's stresses.
Historical background
Definition
Age of onset
Signs and Symptoms
DSM V Criteria
Comorbidity
Prevelance and Epidemiology
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Treatment
Conclusion
Neurocognitive disorders includes : Delirium and Dementia.
This presentation focuses on causes, risk factors, management and how to prevent its complication
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders (DSM-V)Adesh Agrawal
The disorders those characterized by repetitive behavior, are included under this broad chapter in DSM-5. Here we prepared this PPT in which we tried to cover the whole topic in a very comprehensive and concise manner. We hope that this will help you to understand it in an easy way.
your further suggestions will be appreciated.
Learn about adolescent anxiety, including risks, warning signs, how anxiety can affect the body and well-being, and how cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help your child better cope with life's stresses.
Historical background
Definition
Age of onset
Signs and Symptoms
DSM V Criteria
Comorbidity
Prevelance and Epidemiology
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Treatment
Conclusion
Neurocognitive disorders includes : Delirium and Dementia.
This presentation focuses on causes, risk factors, management and how to prevent its complication
Mastering Anxiety - Teaching Strategies for Building Student Confidencetkettner
This presentation to learning support teachers and school principals provided a background understanding of anxiety in students. Strategies to support students experiencing test taking anxiety, school refusal and social avoidance are provided.
Anxiety: mood state characterized by strong, negative emotion and bodily symptoms in which an individual apprehensively anticipates future danger or misfortune
Anxiety in College Students
By Mandi Kerr
A comparison of a student with a diagnosed anxiety disorder and a student who deals with stress on a daily basis.
Between high academic demands, pressure from schools, parents and peers and advances in technology teenagers have a lot going against them these days. Here is some important information to remember when wanting to do what's best for our teens in today's world.
Parenting in itself is a challange, and can be more challangeing if your child suffers from any of the anxiety disorders. This is a part of the fellow lecture series delivered by the author on 3/9/12. This presentation discusses the strategies for parenting an anxious child.
“It is during the middle grades that students either launch toward achievement and attainment, or slide off track toward a direction of frustration, failure, and ultimately early exit from the only secure path to adult success.” (Balfanz, R. 2007)
Schools that pay attention to transition and have an intentional transition plan see more success in increasing achievement and reducing retentions. Having an effective transition program contributes to developing a positive learning environment. Both sending and receiving schools need to work collaboratively with each other, and with families to provide ongoing support for students as they experience the transition to the middle grades.
Fun-Wey and Associates will present a brief overview of the anxiety-causing disorders experienced in the classroom by many of today’s children. You will learn how anxiety may manifest in your child, to recognize the symptoms, and what to do about it.
Our panel of experts, will review techniques for handling anxiety – based behaviours, ways to get support from your child’s teachers and schools and tools for helping yourchild overcome his or her fears. http://fun-wey.com/2013/05/childhood-anxiety-presentation/
Anxiety disorders, this includes in Abnormal psychology. This will enable you to get full understanding of the Disorder.
For assistance, please refer to the document:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/15aYZb34fHQJogacZ7WSg3KfucZFs7WvJ/view?usp=sharing
anxiety disorder , a common mental health problemArchanaPokharel2
A prevalent mental health concern worldwide is anxiety disorder. These are the signs of anxiety disorder, along with a treatment strategy and helpful hints.
What is Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Definition of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Classification of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Clinical manifestation of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Risk factors and investigations of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Medications and therapies for Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),
This document provides a summary of the 2010 annual year in review presentation conducted by Dr. Stan Kutcher, the Sun Life Financial Chair in Adolescent Mental Health, on February 10, 2011
This program is part of a comprehensive School Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide.
Find out more about the guide by visiting:
teenmentalhealth.org
The school environment is an ideal place to begin the work of addressing mental health needs. Not only does the school offer a simple and cost-effective way of reaching youth, but it is also a convenient place where mental health can be linked with other aspects of health, such as physical health and nutrition, and with learning.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
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micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Are There Any Natural Remedies To Treat Syphilis.pdf
Anxiety Disorders: What School Counsellors Need to Know
1. Anxiety Disorders
What School Counselors Need to know!
Dr. Iliana Garcia – Ortega Psychiatrist
Research Associate
Sun Life Financial in Adolescent Mental Health
Dalhousie University & IWK Health Centre
www.teenmentalhealth.org
2. Most people experience anxiety as…
Feeling tense, edgy, frustrated, irritable or overwhelmed.
Different degrees of physical symptoms such as: neck
tension, headache, sweaty palms, shakiness, flushing, stomach
sickness, restlessness.
Although unpleasant, most people are able to tolerate it and have
become so good at coping that other people often can’t even tell
that they are anxious!
Anxiety can be a good thing!
It helps us focus and get things done and can even enhance our
performance (ie., exam preparation for a student, performance for a
concert pianist)
3. Anxiety associated with anxiety disorders is different…
It is unreasonable, excessive or inappropriate to the situation
It’s intensity exceeds the person’s capacity to endure it
It may be persistent – continues despite the absence of an acute
stressor or situation
It prevents the person from doing what they need to
do, achieving their goals, or being who they want to be – it
causes functional impairment
It leads to unhealthy coping strategies such as avoidance and
withdrawal
4. What is Anxiety?
Initiation
of Physiologic
Cascade
Perceived Heart Rate Anxiety -
danger in an
normal situation Alertness
Behaviour
Perception
Tension
6. Anxiety Disorders
• They are the most common of all the mental disorders and usually
begin in childhood or adolescence - affect 8-10% .
• Anxiety disorders run in families (anxious young people often have
anxious parents)
• Despite their high lifetime prevalence they remain poorly
identified, diagnosed, and treated.
• They lead to high utilization of health services (many un-necessary
investigations)
• Are frequently very amenable to treatment (psychotherapy;
medications)
7. • Different anxiety disorders throughout life
– Separation anxiety disorder = childhood
– Social Anxiety Disorder; Panic Disorder = teen onset
• Anxiety disorder can lead to:
– Poor economic, vocational, interpersonal outcomes
– Significant negative impact on family, social and school functioning
– Increased morbidity:
• comorbid anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder and
alcohol and drug abuse
• Chronic anxiety disorder can lead to:
– Poorer physical health outcomes
– Increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in mid-life
9. Diagnosis of Anxiety Disorders
There are no biological tests that are diagnostic of any
specific anxiety disorder.
Diagnosis of anxiety disorders is reliant on a careful clinical
assessment of the person’s presenting signs and symptoms
and clinical history taking.
The symptoms of the anxiety disorders cluster into 3 groups:
1. Physical Symptoms
2. Psychological Symptoms – Thinking/Cognition Symptoms
3. Behavioral Symptoms
10. What’s the difference between
Mental distress and Mental disorders?
Distress Disorder
Caused by abnormal brain
Caused by event or trigger of
functioning
brain driven activities
May have environmental trigger
Normal/usual Response
Complex interaction between
Temporary, ADAPTIVE
genetic and environment
No professional treatment
Prolonged
needed
Usually needs professional
Not associated with sustained
treatment
disability
Associated with sustained
Does not meet recognized
disability
diagnostic criteria for a mental
Meets recognized diagnostic
disorder criteria: DSM; ICD
11. Normal emotional response to distress:
The Acute Stress Response
Thinking Emotion
WORRY!! Panic
WORRY!! Irritability
WORRY!!
Physical
Loss of Appetite
Perception Difficulty Sleeping
Headaches
Behavior Signaling
Avoidance Physiologic
Withdrawal Hyper-arousal
12. Thinking / Cognition Symptoms
Excessive worry, obsessive
ruminations, apprehension, difficulties
making decisions, trouble focusing and
concentration, etc.
People with anxiety disorder often have
dysfunctional thinking patterns –
distorted ways of thinking about
situations, themselves, and others.
13. Faulty logic is a dysfunctional pattern of thinking that is biased, based on
personal assumptions.
• All-or-nothing thinking
• Catastrophizing
• Discounting the positive
• Emotion over logic
• Magnification/Minimization
• Mental Filter
• Mind reading
• Overgeneralization
• Jumping to Conclusions
14. What does faulty logic look like?
If you listen closely to a person who is anxious you
will find they tend to do the following:
Expect the worst
Worry about things before they happen
Predict the future
Underestimate their strengths
Underestimate their ability to cope
Unrealistic negative thinking
15. Examples of behavioral symptoms
1. Social Withdrawal
• Dropping out of recreational activities
• Spending time alone
• Avoiding social situations and events
• Not speaking with or going out with friends
2. Avoidance of stressful situations
• School refusal
• Staying home from school, work or from planned social activities
• Refusing to ride in a car
• Refusing to leave the house
• Refusing to sleep alone or with the lights out
16. Behavior symptoms
• People with anxiety disorders will do what they can to
reduce their anxiety and they quickly learn that by avoiding
the things that make then anxious they can prevent
themselves from feeling worse. DO NOT SUPPORT
AVOIDANT BEHAVIORS
• In addition, self-soothing habits and rituals, repetitive
reassuring behaviors and the may be using of substances
such as drugs and alcohol may be used to reduce anxiety.
17. Physical symptoms
• Rapid heart rate or racing • Upset stomach:
heart nausea, vomiting, indiges
• Headache tion, heart-burn.
• Muscle Tension • Diarrhea or loose stools
• Chest pains • Shortness of breath or
• Dizziness or faintness difficulty breathing
• Sweating • Sleep trouble
• Trembling or shakiness
18. Signs of Trouble - Warning signs
• Marked changes in personality
• Declining in school performance or failure to achieve expected levels
of functioning
• School refusal or avoidance of age appropriate social activities or
dating
• Inability to cope with usual problems and daily activities
• Excessive / irrational fears, worries or anxiety
• Abuse of alcohol, cigarette or other drugs
• Significant changes in eating or sleeping patterns
• In younger children: crying, tantrums, freezing, clinging, staying close
to parents
19. …What others might notice
• Consistent late arrivals or frequent absences at school or work
• Low morale, low self-esteem
• Social withdrawal
• Difficulties in completing school work
• Lack of cooperation or frequent altercations with others
• Frequent complaints of unexplained aches and pains
• Withdrawal from usual activities
20. …What teachers might notice
• Problems concentrating, making decisions, or remembering things
• Missed deadlines, delays in completing assignments, poor exam
grades
• Constant excuses for missed deadlines, or poor quality work
• Decreased interest or involvement in class topics or academics in
general
Note: Such behavior could indicate the student is having a bad day or week. A pattern that
continues for a long period of time, or repeats, may indicate an underlying serious mental
health problem or mental illness.
21. Differential Diagnosis
A variety of physical conditions can present with or be
accompanied by anxiety symptoms. The most common of these
are the endocrine/hormone disorders.
Think of physical disorder as the cause of anxiety if:
Physical findings on clinical examination
No family history of anxiety or depression
No avoidance behaviors or social withdrawal
22. Anxiety and other common mental disorders
Depression vs. Anxiety ADHD vs. Anxiety
–poor attention
– Low mood, sadness –easily distracted
– sleep disruption –forgetful
– poor concentration –difficulty organizing
–fidgety
– fatigue/energy loss
–restlessness
– diminished interest
–Impulsiveness
–doesn’t wait turn
23. Medication that can Substances that can
produce produce Anxiety symptoms
Anxiety symptoms
• Caffeine
• Ephedrine
• Cocaine
• Pseudo-ephedrine
• Abstinence from alcohol
• Albuterol, Theophylline • Abstinence from
• Thyroid medicines narcotics
• Abstinence from
sedatives
24. School Counselors Collaborate with
Other
Health Providers
Students
Student
Teachers School with Parents
Counselor Mental Disorder
Administrators Community
25. Anxiety Disorders are treated in two primary ways…
and often used concurrently
Two Pathways
Biological Psychosocial
Treatments Treatments
MEDICATIONS/OTHERS COUNSELING/THERAPY
26. Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in
Children and youth
• 1st Line: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
• 2nd Line: Medication plus CBT
SSRI medication has strongest evidence:
fluoxetine – prozac
sertraline – zoloft
citalopram – celexa
27. SSRIs and School Counselors
• If GP choose to use one of the SSRIs. Predict side effects
onset soon after treatment has started.
• Patients with anxiety tend to be very sensitive to the side
effects to medications , they may experience an initial
increase in their anxiety symptoms on initiation of the SSRI.
• Educate that clinical response may not be fully present for 4
– 12 weeks
• Educate that maintenance treatment will be for 12 months
or longer
28. What are the expectations of school counselors ?
– Academic support – Individual student planning
– Goal setting and decision-making – Individual and small-group
– Career awareness counseling
– Education on understanding self and – Individual/family/school crisis
others intervention
– Peer relationships, coping strategies and – Conflict resolution
effective social skills – Consultation/collaboration
– Communication, problem-solving and – Referrals
conflict resolution
– Substance abuse education
– Multicultural/diversity awareness
29. How can you help?
∙ Provide information about what you think the problem – Mental health
education.
∙ Provide supportive psychological assistance, give reassurance and help
the person challenge the worrying thoughts
∙ Help the family (others) understand what the problem is
∙ Help the person find activities that can “get their mind off their worries”
∙ Teach the person how use thinking skills to counter the symptoms and
calm themselves
∙ Teach the person how to focus on positive thoughts and feelings
∙ Teach the patient how to deep breath
∙ Monitor and refer if problems worsen or if other problems arise
30. What else?
Help people learn more balanced ways of thinking!
Learning more realistic ways of thinking about events, situations,
themselves, and others is really hard to do! Remember that
using faulty logic is a habit that people have practiced for MANY YEARS!
Promote self-esteem by offering praise for small accomplishments and
rewarding participation even if the student gives a wrong answer.
If avoidance of social situations persists go with the patient to these
locations and help them face their worries there
In your interactions with the student, speak softly and calmly.
Help the student confront feared situations with gentle encouragement.