Antioxidants
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In this ppt, we will explane what is the antioxidant and what is the free radical and also, we ex plane the mode of action for the poth. Also we have mentioned the evaluation of antioxidant . And mentioned the drug candidate and other uses like anti aging. I think it is important subject, read it and if there any notes please tell us . thanks, enjoy^_^
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Antioxidants
The document discusses how antioxidants like vitamins C and E, carotenoids, and enzymes like superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase protect the body from free radical damage by neutralizing reactive oxygen species. It explains that oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's antioxidant defenses, leading to cell and tissue damage if left unchecked. Maintaining adequate intake of antioxidants from foods and proper functioning of the body's endogenous antioxidant systems is important for preventing diseases linked to oxidative stress.
Antioxident
This document discusses antioxidants and their role in reducing oxidative stress and free radical damage in the body. It provides information on sources of antioxidants such as fruits and vegetables, and how different cooking methods can affect the antioxidant levels in foods. Some key points include:
- Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which is associated with diseases like cancer and heart disease. Major sources of antioxidants are fruits and vegetables.
- Cooking methods like boiling, baking, and frying can impact the antioxidant levels in foods, with some methods causing greater losses than others. Proper cooking is important to maximize antioxidant retention.
- The document outlines various assays used to measure antioxidant capacity and free radical
study of antioxidants
Antioxidants are naturally occurring chemicals that help counter the damaging effects of free radicals. They are found in many fruits and vegetables. Eating a diet high in antioxidants from plant foods helps protect cells from damage and may reduce the risk of diseases. Some key antioxidants include vitamins A, C, and E, beta-carotene, lutein, and anthocyanins. Both natural and synthetic antioxidants are used as food preservatives.
Antioxidants
This document discusses antioxidants. It begins by defining antioxidants as molecules that inhibit oxidation of other molecules and protect cells from free radicals. It then discusses what free radicals are and types of antioxidants, including vitamins, minerals, enzymes, and phytochemicals. It classifies antioxidants as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and describes their roles in food and the body. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of antioxidants in preventing disease and slowing the aging process.
Free Radical and Antioxidant
The document discusses free radicals and antioxidants. It begins by outlining the topics to be covered, including an introduction to antioxidants, types of antioxidants, and their mechanisms of action. It then explains that free radicals are generated endogenously through metabolic processes or exposure to external factors and can cause oxidative stress if not neutralized by antioxidants. The body has enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses to balance free radicals. When this balance is impaired, free radicals can damage biomolecules and trigger diseases. The document further describes different types of antioxidants, their classification, and mechanisms of scavenging or preventing free radicals.
Antioxidants
Antioxidants protect cells from free radicals, which are byproducts of metabolism that can damage cells. The body produces antioxidants, but also obtains them from foods like green tea, berries, dark chocolate, and fish. Important dietary antioxidants include vitamins A, C, and E, flavonoids, and selenium, which help manufacture glutathione to protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce chronic disease risk. Maintaining adequate antioxidant intake through fruits and vegetables is essential for health.
Phytoestrogen
Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds that are similar in structure to estrogen. They are found in various foods like soy, flaxseed, and sesame seed. Phytoestrogens bind to estrogen receptors in the body and may help reduce menopause symptoms like hot flashes. They have advantages over conventional estrogen therapy as they pose less risk of side effects like cancer since they are naturally broken down and eliminated from the body. Common phytoestrogen products are used to manage menopause symptoms, osteoporosis, and cancer risk.
Role of nutraceuticals and functional foods in healthy ageing
Explanation and Detailed examples and its uses for nutraceuticals and functional foods with research examples. uses and health benefits are also described in detail
Recommended
Antioxidants
The document discusses how antioxidants like vitamins C and E, carotenoids, and enzymes like superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase protect the body from free radical damage by neutralizing reactive oxygen species. It explains that oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's antioxidant defenses, leading to cell and tissue damage if left unchecked. Maintaining adequate intake of antioxidants from foods and proper functioning of the body's endogenous antioxidant systems is important for preventing diseases linked to oxidative stress.
Antioxident
This document discusses antioxidants and their role in reducing oxidative stress and free radical damage in the body. It provides information on sources of antioxidants such as fruits and vegetables, and how different cooking methods can affect the antioxidant levels in foods. Some key points include:
- Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which is associated with diseases like cancer and heart disease. Major sources of antioxidants are fruits and vegetables.
- Cooking methods like boiling, baking, and frying can impact the antioxidant levels in foods, with some methods causing greater losses than others. Proper cooking is important to maximize antioxidant retention.
- The document outlines various assays used to measure antioxidant capacity and free radical
study of antioxidants
Antioxidants are naturally occurring chemicals that help counter the damaging effects of free radicals. They are found in many fruits and vegetables. Eating a diet high in antioxidants from plant foods helps protect cells from damage and may reduce the risk of diseases. Some key antioxidants include vitamins A, C, and E, beta-carotene, lutein, and anthocyanins. Both natural and synthetic antioxidants are used as food preservatives.
Antioxidants
This document discusses antioxidants. It begins by defining antioxidants as molecules that inhibit oxidation of other molecules and protect cells from free radicals. It then discusses what free radicals are and types of antioxidants, including vitamins, minerals, enzymes, and phytochemicals. It classifies antioxidants as either fat-soluble or water-soluble and describes their roles in food and the body. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of antioxidants in preventing disease and slowing the aging process.
Free Radical and Antioxidant
The document discusses free radicals and antioxidants. It begins by outlining the topics to be covered, including an introduction to antioxidants, types of antioxidants, and their mechanisms of action. It then explains that free radicals are generated endogenously through metabolic processes or exposure to external factors and can cause oxidative stress if not neutralized by antioxidants. The body has enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses to balance free radicals. When this balance is impaired, free radicals can damage biomolecules and trigger diseases. The document further describes different types of antioxidants, their classification, and mechanisms of scavenging or preventing free radicals.
Antioxidants
Antioxidants protect cells from free radicals, which are byproducts of metabolism that can damage cells. The body produces antioxidants, but also obtains them from foods like green tea, berries, dark chocolate, and fish. Important dietary antioxidants include vitamins A, C, and E, flavonoids, and selenium, which help manufacture glutathione to protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce chronic disease risk. Maintaining adequate antioxidant intake through fruits and vegetables is essential for health.
Phytoestrogen
Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds that are similar in structure to estrogen. They are found in various foods like soy, flaxseed, and sesame seed. Phytoestrogens bind to estrogen receptors in the body and may help reduce menopause symptoms like hot flashes. They have advantages over conventional estrogen therapy as they pose less risk of side effects like cancer since they are naturally broken down and eliminated from the body. Common phytoestrogen products are used to manage menopause symptoms, osteoporosis, and cancer risk.
Role of nutraceuticals and functional foods in healthy ageing
Explanation and Detailed examples and its uses for nutraceuticals and functional foods with research examples. uses and health benefits are also described in detail
Antioxidants
What is free radicals
There are many different types of free radicals, for example:
Where do free radicals come from?
What is Antioxidant ?
TYPES OF ANTIOXIDANTS
Natural Sources of Antioxidants
Mode Of Action
Free Radicals Vs Anti-Oxidants
Evaluating Anti-oxidant Activity
Antioxidants
The document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. ROS such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals are produced through normal cellular processes but can cause tissue damage if levels become too high. Antioxidants help prevent this damage by neutralizing ROS. The document outlines various antioxidants like vitamins C and E, carotenoids, polyphenols, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. It also describes how ROS can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA and discusses the role of antioxidants and ROS in periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Defence mechanism of antioxidant in Human Body
This document summarizes the antioxidant defense mechanism in the human body. It discusses what free radicals are and their main sources, as well as the antioxidant defense system that protects the body from free radical damage. The defense system includes antioxidant compounds and enzymes that act at different levels - prevention, interception, and repair - to neutralize free radicals. Some key antioxidant compounds and their roles are also described.
Antioxidants
This document discusses antioxidants, which are molecules that inhibit oxidation reactions and protect cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. It describes the main types of antioxidants and free radicals in the body, how antioxidants work to eliminate free radicals, and their importance in preventing disease and aging. Foods contain varying amounts of antioxidants, which must be obtained through diet as the body cannot produce them. Measurement methods are used to determine the antioxidant levels and capacities of foods, juices and other substances.
Antioxidants
This document discusses antioxidants, including their definition as molecules that inhibit oxidation reactions and protect cells from damage by free radicals. It describes how free radicals can cause oxidative stress by damaging lipids, proteins, and DNA. Some important natural antioxidants are vitamins E, C, and A, which protect cell membranes and scavenge free radicals. Antioxidants are useful both for maintaining health by reducing oxidative stress and various diseases, and for industrial applications like food preservation and preventing fuel degradation. The conclusion emphasizes that antioxidants play an important role in health by preventing cancer and other diseases.
Antioxidant
This document provides information about antioxidants found in various fruits. It defines antioxidants as chemicals that inhibit oxidation and protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. It discusses the occurrence of antioxidants in foods like vegetables, fruits, grains and nuts. It focuses on antioxidants found specifically in oranges and lemons. For oranges, it provides details on their scientific name, origin, antioxidant properties, and health benefits. Similarly for lemons, it discusses their scientific name, origin as an antioxidant source, and health advantages of lemon juice. The document also briefly covers antioxidants in cucumbers and amla. In under 3 sentences, it summarizes the key antioxidants found in these fruits and their role in reducing free radicals and
Antioxidants
Introduction
Oxidation
What are antioxidants?
Antioxidants
Source of Antioxidants
Antioxidants produced by Plants
Major Antioxidant compounds in Plants
Fruits and Vegetables with highest Antioxidant content
Conclusion
Antioxidants (1)
This document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. It begins by defining ROS as unstable, highly reactive molecules that contain unpaired electrons, like hydrogen peroxide. ROS can damage cells by attacking macromolecules like DNA, proteins and lipids. This oxidative stress contributes to diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease. The document then discusses the antioxidant defense system, including both enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamins C and E. It classifies antioxidants and describes their mechanisms of action in scavenging free radicals and preventing oxidative damage.
Antioxidants in Food
This document presents information about oxidation, free radicals, and antioxidants. It discusses how oxidation contributes to diseases and food deterioration. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidation. Antioxidants prevent oxidation by donating electrons to free radicals. The document outlines various natural and synthetic antioxidants, how they work, and their health benefits. It also discusses regulations around approved food antioxidants and trends in antioxidant research.
Antioxidant function
This document discusses oxidation, antioxidants, and their roles in health and disease. It defines oxidation as the loss of electrons by atoms or molecules, which can result in free radical formation. Antioxidants are then introduced as substances that can neutralize reactive molecules and reduce oxidative damage. Examples of antioxidant nutrients are provided, along with their functions. Conditions related to oxidation, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, are overviewed in relation to antioxidants and diet.
Antioxidants and their therapeutic implications
Free radicals are produced during normal metabolism but can damage cells. Antioxidants help destroy free radicals and prevent this damage. Sources of antioxidants include vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, selenium, and phytonutrients found in plants. Lipid peroxidation occurs when free radicals damage lipids and can affect food quality, nutrition, and health, causing conditions like heart disease. Antioxidants have therapeutic implications, as they may help treat or prevent cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, brain injuries, strokes, neurodegenerative diseases, and liver damage by reducing oxidative stress.
ANTIOXIDANTS POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
This document discusses antioxidants, which are molecules that inhibit oxidation reactions and prevent free radicals from starting chain reactions that damage cells. It classifies antioxidants as either synthetic like BHA, BHT, and EDTA or natural sources found in plants. Antioxidants are present both intracellularly and extracellularly, and can be enzymatic like superoxide dismutase or non-enzymatic like vitamins C and E. Antioxidants have many health benefits like boosting immunity, reducing heart disease risk, and preventing cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. They are also used as food preservatives and industrial stabilizers in fuels and lubricants.
Phytonutrients
Diet is not all about loosing or gaining weight, its therapeutic benefits are often taken lightly by most of us. Planning of a therapeutic diet implies the ability to adopt the principal of normal nutrition to the various regimens for adequacy, correctness, economy and palatability. It requires recognition of the need for dietary supplements such as vitamin and mineral concentrates when the nature of the diet itself imposes severe restrictions, the patient's appetite is poor or absorption and utilization are impaired so that the diet cannot meet the needs of optimum nutrition.
There are several therapeutic benefits of a well balanced diet such as:
•Fuel to perform daily activities
•Nutrients for the body's cells
•Growth and repair of tissue
•Reinforcing the immune system
•Preventing chronic diseases of lifestyle
•Maintaining good mental health
•Ensuring healthy teeth and bones
Toxicity from naturally occurring toxins in plant foods
Naturally occurring toxins can be present in some edible plants. Phytochemicals produce biological activity and some can cause toxicity in high amounts or long-term use. Toxic compounds include haemagglutinins in legumes like soybeans, goitrogens in cruciferous vegetables, and cyanogens in foods like cassava. Lathyrogens in foods like chickpeas can cause skeletal issues. Cooking methods like soaking and boiling can reduce toxicity from compounds in foods like soybeans and cassava. Consuming a variety of whole plant foods as part of a balanced diet can help prevent risks from naturally occurring toxins in some edible plants.
Omega -3 & Omega -6 Fatty acids and their Health Effects
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids, a class of nutrients needed for our body to function normally.
These are the fats of life which help our cells to function properly.
Omega-3 cannot be produced be our body and should be supplied through the diet
There are 3 very important types of Omega 3 acids
1.Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
2.Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
3.Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
which have amazing health benefits
Omega 3 plays a major role in a number of functions in our body. Here are they:-
Relaxation and contraction of muscles
Blood clotting
Digestion
Fertility
Cell division
Growth
Movement of calcium and other substances in and out of cells.
Role of antioxidants in skin anti aging
Skin is the largest organ of the body. It assumes t a few critical physiological capacities and speaks to likewise a "social interface" between an individual and different individuals from society. This is the principle reason its age-subordinate alterations are in the front line of dermatological research and of the "anti-aging" cosmetic industry. Here we focus on a few perspectives just of skin aging, similarly as the phone and extracellular lattice segments of skin are concerned. Most very much considered instruments of skin maturing can be arranged at the post hereditary level, both epigenetic and post-translational components being included(1).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are little molecules got from oxygen particles including free oxygen radicals, for example, superoxide (O2⋅_), hydroxyl (⋅OH), epoxy (RO2⋅), and alkoxyl (RO_) and additionally hypochlorous corrosive (HOCl), ozone (O3), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are non-radicals. These non-radicals are either oxidizing operators or effectively changed over into radicals. Nitrogen-containing oxidants, for example, nitric oxide (NO.) peroxynitrite (ONOO.), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are called receptive nitrogen species (RNS) (2).
Receptive species or free radicals incorporate responsive oxygen and nitrogen species all in all and are called receptive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS). They are discharged from macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells because of a provocative boost. RONS are profoundly receptive because of the nearness of unpaired valence shell electrons or non-static bonds, and their legitimate control is key for a proficient resistant reaction and for constraining tissue harm (3).Reactive oxygen species, synthetically responsive atoms, containing oxygen, are framed as a characteristic result of the ordinary digestion of oxygen and have huge parts in cell flagging and homeostasis.
Antioxidants
Antioxidants are substances that prevent or slow cell damage caused by unstable molecules called free radicals produced during environmental and bodily processes as a reaction to stress. Free radicals can damage cells and DNA if not removed efficiently, potentially leading to diseases. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals and are found in many fruits, vegetables, nuts, and spices. Consuming a variety of antioxidant-rich foods may help reduce risks of diseases linked to oxidative stress like heart disease and cancer.
Natural toxic substances in food
This document discusses natural toxic substances found in foods of plant and animal origin. It describes 10 categories of natural plant toxins including glycoalkaloids in potatoes, phenolic substances in citrus fruits, cyanogenic glycosides in seeds and kernels of fruits, and mycotoxins in cereals and nuts. It also discusses 6 types of natural marine toxins produced by algae including phycotoxins, ciguatoxin, and tetrodotoxin poisoning. Cooking does not reduce the risk of toxins that are heat-stable, so prevention focuses on proper handling and storage of seafood and avoiding toxic parts of plants and animals.
Antioxidant medical
This document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidants, and their roles in various disorders. It begins by defining ROS as unstable molecules that can damage cells, and listing their sources. ROS are necessary in small amounts but can cause issues in excess. Antioxidants help neutralize ROS and prevent oxidative damage. The document then examines the roles of ROS and antioxidants in specific disorders like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic fatigue, cancers, pregnancy complications, and male infertility. It provides treatment options like antioxidant supplementation to help control ROS levels and reduce related disease complications.
Phytonutrients
This document discusses several phytonutrients that are associated with improved heart health: allicin from garlic, quercetin from onions, anthocyanins from blueberries, and resveratrol from red grapes. It provides information on their mechanisms for reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, recommended daily/weekly intake amounts, and food sources. The "Cardio Phytonutrient Gap" is introduced, finding that most Americans do not meet recommended intake levels for these heart-healthy phytonutrients. Supplements can be effective in increasing intake, though obtaining nutrients from whole foods is most beneficial to health.
Free radical and antioxidants
This document discusses free radicals and antioxidants. It defines free radicals as unstable atoms or molecules with unpaired electrons that can damage cells. Free radicals are generated through normal cell processes but can also come from external sources like pollution. They can cause oxidative stress by damaging biomolecules, cells, and tissues. Antioxidants help counter the harmful effects of free radicals by donating electrons to stabilize them. Examples of antioxidants include vitamins C and E, minerals, and enzymes. Oxidative stress left unchecked can contribute to many health conditions.
oxidative stress
Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in cells, leading to molecular and cellular damage. Free radicals are highly reactive chemical species with unpaired electrons that form as a natural byproduct of oxygen metabolism and can have beneficial roles but also cause oxidative damage. Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals to prevent oxidative stress and diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease. Measurement of oxidative stress markers and use of antioxidant defenses help counter the effects of free radical damage in cells.
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Antioxidants
What is free radicals
There are many different types of free radicals, for example:
Where do free radicals come from?
What is Antioxidant ?
TYPES OF ANTIOXIDANTS
Natural Sources of Antioxidants
Mode Of Action
Free Radicals Vs Anti-Oxidants
Evaluating Anti-oxidant Activity
Antioxidants
The document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. ROS such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals are produced through normal cellular processes but can cause tissue damage if levels become too high. Antioxidants help prevent this damage by neutralizing ROS. The document outlines various antioxidants like vitamins C and E, carotenoids, polyphenols, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. It also describes how ROS can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA and discusses the role of antioxidants and ROS in periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Defence mechanism of antioxidant in Human Body
This document summarizes the antioxidant defense mechanism in the human body. It discusses what free radicals are and their main sources, as well as the antioxidant defense system that protects the body from free radical damage. The defense system includes antioxidant compounds and enzymes that act at different levels - prevention, interception, and repair - to neutralize free radicals. Some key antioxidant compounds and their roles are also described.
Antioxidants
This document discusses antioxidants, which are molecules that inhibit oxidation reactions and protect cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. It describes the main types of antioxidants and free radicals in the body, how antioxidants work to eliminate free radicals, and their importance in preventing disease and aging. Foods contain varying amounts of antioxidants, which must be obtained through diet as the body cannot produce them. Measurement methods are used to determine the antioxidant levels and capacities of foods, juices and other substances.
Antioxidants
This document discusses antioxidants, including their definition as molecules that inhibit oxidation reactions and protect cells from damage by free radicals. It describes how free radicals can cause oxidative stress by damaging lipids, proteins, and DNA. Some important natural antioxidants are vitamins E, C, and A, which protect cell membranes and scavenge free radicals. Antioxidants are useful both for maintaining health by reducing oxidative stress and various diseases, and for industrial applications like food preservation and preventing fuel degradation. The conclusion emphasizes that antioxidants play an important role in health by preventing cancer and other diseases.
Antioxidant
This document provides information about antioxidants found in various fruits. It defines antioxidants as chemicals that inhibit oxidation and protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. It discusses the occurrence of antioxidants in foods like vegetables, fruits, grains and nuts. It focuses on antioxidants found specifically in oranges and lemons. For oranges, it provides details on their scientific name, origin, antioxidant properties, and health benefits. Similarly for lemons, it discusses their scientific name, origin as an antioxidant source, and health advantages of lemon juice. The document also briefly covers antioxidants in cucumbers and amla. In under 3 sentences, it summarizes the key antioxidants found in these fruits and their role in reducing free radicals and
Antioxidants
Introduction
Oxidation
What are antioxidants?
Antioxidants
Source of Antioxidants
Antioxidants produced by Plants
Major Antioxidant compounds in Plants
Fruits and Vegetables with highest Antioxidant content
Conclusion
Antioxidants (1)
This document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. It begins by defining ROS as unstable, highly reactive molecules that contain unpaired electrons, like hydrogen peroxide. ROS can damage cells by attacking macromolecules like DNA, proteins and lipids. This oxidative stress contributes to diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease. The document then discusses the antioxidant defense system, including both enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamins C and E. It classifies antioxidants and describes their mechanisms of action in scavenging free radicals and preventing oxidative damage.
Antioxidants in Food
This document presents information about oxidation, free radicals, and antioxidants. It discusses how oxidation contributes to diseases and food deterioration. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidation. Antioxidants prevent oxidation by donating electrons to free radicals. The document outlines various natural and synthetic antioxidants, how they work, and their health benefits. It also discusses regulations around approved food antioxidants and trends in antioxidant research.
Antioxidant function
This document discusses oxidation, antioxidants, and their roles in health and disease. It defines oxidation as the loss of electrons by atoms or molecules, which can result in free radical formation. Antioxidants are then introduced as substances that can neutralize reactive molecules and reduce oxidative damage. Examples of antioxidant nutrients are provided, along with their functions. Conditions related to oxidation, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, are overviewed in relation to antioxidants and diet.
Antioxidants and their therapeutic implications
Free radicals are produced during normal metabolism but can damage cells. Antioxidants help destroy free radicals and prevent this damage. Sources of antioxidants include vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, selenium, and phytonutrients found in plants. Lipid peroxidation occurs when free radicals damage lipids and can affect food quality, nutrition, and health, causing conditions like heart disease. Antioxidants have therapeutic implications, as they may help treat or prevent cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, brain injuries, strokes, neurodegenerative diseases, and liver damage by reducing oxidative stress.
ANTIOXIDANTS POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
This document discusses antioxidants, which are molecules that inhibit oxidation reactions and prevent free radicals from starting chain reactions that damage cells. It classifies antioxidants as either synthetic like BHA, BHT, and EDTA or natural sources found in plants. Antioxidants are present both intracellularly and extracellularly, and can be enzymatic like superoxide dismutase or non-enzymatic like vitamins C and E. Antioxidants have many health benefits like boosting immunity, reducing heart disease risk, and preventing cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. They are also used as food preservatives and industrial stabilizers in fuels and lubricants.
Phytonutrients
Diet is not all about loosing or gaining weight, its therapeutic benefits are often taken lightly by most of us. Planning of a therapeutic diet implies the ability to adopt the principal of normal nutrition to the various regimens for adequacy, correctness, economy and palatability. It requires recognition of the need for dietary supplements such as vitamin and mineral concentrates when the nature of the diet itself imposes severe restrictions, the patient's appetite is poor or absorption and utilization are impaired so that the diet cannot meet the needs of optimum nutrition.
There are several therapeutic benefits of a well balanced diet such as:
•Fuel to perform daily activities
•Nutrients for the body's cells
•Growth and repair of tissue
•Reinforcing the immune system
•Preventing chronic diseases of lifestyle
•Maintaining good mental health
•Ensuring healthy teeth and bones
Toxicity from naturally occurring toxins in plant foods
Naturally occurring toxins can be present in some edible plants. Phytochemicals produce biological activity and some can cause toxicity in high amounts or long-term use. Toxic compounds include haemagglutinins in legumes like soybeans, goitrogens in cruciferous vegetables, and cyanogens in foods like cassava. Lathyrogens in foods like chickpeas can cause skeletal issues. Cooking methods like soaking and boiling can reduce toxicity from compounds in foods like soybeans and cassava. Consuming a variety of whole plant foods as part of a balanced diet can help prevent risks from naturally occurring toxins in some edible plants.
Omega -3 & Omega -6 Fatty acids and their Health Effects
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids, a class of nutrients needed for our body to function normally.
These are the fats of life which help our cells to function properly.
Omega-3 cannot be produced be our body and should be supplied through the diet
There are 3 very important types of Omega 3 acids
1.Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
2.Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
3.Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
which have amazing health benefits
Omega 3 plays a major role in a number of functions in our body. Here are they:-
Relaxation and contraction of muscles
Blood clotting
Digestion
Fertility
Cell division
Growth
Movement of calcium and other substances in and out of cells.
Role of antioxidants in skin anti aging
Skin is the largest organ of the body. It assumes t a few critical physiological capacities and speaks to likewise a "social interface" between an individual and different individuals from society. This is the principle reason its age-subordinate alterations are in the front line of dermatological research and of the "anti-aging" cosmetic industry. Here we focus on a few perspectives just of skin aging, similarly as the phone and extracellular lattice segments of skin are concerned. Most very much considered instruments of skin maturing can be arranged at the post hereditary level, both epigenetic and post-translational components being included(1).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are little molecules got from oxygen particles including free oxygen radicals, for example, superoxide (O2⋅_), hydroxyl (⋅OH), epoxy (RO2⋅), and alkoxyl (RO_) and additionally hypochlorous corrosive (HOCl), ozone (O3), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are non-radicals. These non-radicals are either oxidizing operators or effectively changed over into radicals. Nitrogen-containing oxidants, for example, nitric oxide (NO.) peroxynitrite (ONOO.), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are called receptive nitrogen species (RNS) (2).
Receptive species or free radicals incorporate responsive oxygen and nitrogen species all in all and are called receptive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS). They are discharged from macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells because of a provocative boost. RONS are profoundly receptive because of the nearness of unpaired valence shell electrons or non-static bonds, and their legitimate control is key for a proficient resistant reaction and for constraining tissue harm (3).Reactive oxygen species, synthetically responsive atoms, containing oxygen, are framed as a characteristic result of the ordinary digestion of oxygen and have huge parts in cell flagging and homeostasis.
Antioxidants
Antioxidants are substances that prevent or slow cell damage caused by unstable molecules called free radicals produced during environmental and bodily processes as a reaction to stress. Free radicals can damage cells and DNA if not removed efficiently, potentially leading to diseases. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals and are found in many fruits, vegetables, nuts, and spices. Consuming a variety of antioxidant-rich foods may help reduce risks of diseases linked to oxidative stress like heart disease and cancer.
Natural toxic substances in food
This document discusses natural toxic substances found in foods of plant and animal origin. It describes 10 categories of natural plant toxins including glycoalkaloids in potatoes, phenolic substances in citrus fruits, cyanogenic glycosides in seeds and kernels of fruits, and mycotoxins in cereals and nuts. It also discusses 6 types of natural marine toxins produced by algae including phycotoxins, ciguatoxin, and tetrodotoxin poisoning. Cooking does not reduce the risk of toxins that are heat-stable, so prevention focuses on proper handling and storage of seafood and avoiding toxic parts of plants and animals.
Antioxidant medical
This document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidants, and their roles in various disorders. It begins by defining ROS as unstable molecules that can damage cells, and listing their sources. ROS are necessary in small amounts but can cause issues in excess. Antioxidants help neutralize ROS and prevent oxidative damage. The document then examines the roles of ROS and antioxidants in specific disorders like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic fatigue, cancers, pregnancy complications, and male infertility. It provides treatment options like antioxidant supplementation to help control ROS levels and reduce related disease complications.
Phytonutrients
This document discusses several phytonutrients that are associated with improved heart health: allicin from garlic, quercetin from onions, anthocyanins from blueberries, and resveratrol from red grapes. It provides information on their mechanisms for reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, recommended daily/weekly intake amounts, and food sources. The "Cardio Phytonutrient Gap" is introduced, finding that most Americans do not meet recommended intake levels for these heart-healthy phytonutrients. Supplements can be effective in increasing intake, though obtaining nutrients from whole foods is most beneficial to health.
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Similar to Antioxidants
Free radical and antioxidants
This document discusses free radicals and antioxidants. It defines free radicals as unstable atoms or molecules with unpaired electrons that can damage cells. Free radicals are generated through normal cell processes but can also come from external sources like pollution. They can cause oxidative stress by damaging biomolecules, cells, and tissues. Antioxidants help counter the harmful effects of free radicals by donating electrons to stabilize them. Examples of antioxidants include vitamins C and E, minerals, and enzymes. Oxidative stress left unchecked can contribute to many health conditions.
oxidative stress
Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in cells, leading to molecular and cellular damage. Free radicals are highly reactive chemical species with unpaired electrons that form as a natural byproduct of oxygen metabolism and can have beneficial roles but also cause oxidative damage. Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals to prevent oxidative stress and diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease. Measurement of oxidative stress markers and use of antioxidant defenses help counter the effects of free radical damage in cells.
Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants by Maliha Rashid.pptx
Beginner Guide to Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants
CONTENTS (Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress):
Free Radicals
Types of free radicals
Sources of free radicals
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Reactions by which Free Radicals are produced
Role of Free Radicals in biological systems
Oxidative Stress
Molecular Effect of Oxidative Stress
Measurement of Oxidative Stress
Protection against ROS Damage
Diseases caused by Free Radicals
CONTENTS (Natural Antioxidants):
Antioxidants
Natural Antioxidants
Mechanism of Action
Classification of natural antioxidants
Biological Activities of natural antioxidants
References
Role of metal based anti oxidants in our body
This document discusses the role of metal-based antioxidants, especially superoxide dismutase (SOD), in the human body. It begins by introducing reactive oxidative species (ROS) like superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals that are generated endogenously and can cause oxidative stress. The body has an antioxidant defense system including SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase that help neutralize ROS. SOD is an important metalloenzyme that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. There are three main types of SOD depending on their metal cofactor, and they help protect cells from ROS-induced damage.
Pharmaceutical Antioxidants
Antioxidants are used to prevent oxidation of drugs and excipients in formulations. They work by either sacrificing themselves through redox reactions or inhibiting the chemical chain reaction of oxidation. There are three main types of antioxidants - water soluble antioxidants that act as reducing agents, lipid soluble antioxidants that directly prevent oxidation, and antioxidant synergists called chelating agents that increase the effectiveness of other antioxidants by binding to heavy metals.
Free Radicals and Vitamin E
Free radicals are molecules with unpaired electrons that can damage cells. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from free radical damage. The document defines free radicals and describes how they are normally produced and how they can damage lipids, proteins, and DNA. It then explains the systems cells use to prevent and intercept free radicals, including enzymes like superoxide dismutase and antioxidants like vitamin E. Vitamin E acts as a chain-breaking antioxidant that stops the chain reactions of lipid peroxidation caused by free radicals. A deficiency of vitamin E can occur if one cannot absorb dietary fat or in premature infants, but it is generally uncommon as it is found in many foods.
Reactive oxygen species
1. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated through normal metabolic processes and can cause cell damage. Antioxidants help prevent this damage by neutralizing free radicals.
2. The document discusses various sources of ROS like mitochondria and inflammation, examples of ROS like superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, and the cell damage they can cause.
3. It also outlines the body's natural antioxidant protection systems including enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as dietary and plant-derived antioxidants. When antioxidant levels are insufficient to deal with ROS, oxidative stress can lead to diseases.
Oxidative stress
in this presentation, the light is focused on discussing the Reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, how it forms, how it affects the body and what are the diseases that correlate with oxidative stress.
nevertheless, how it can be balanced by the antioxidants and what is their role in oxidative stress.
Generation and removal of reactive oxygen species
in this slide share we will be discussing about the reactive oxygen species how they are generated and how they are removed.
Antioxidants
Free radicals are unstable molecules with unpaired electrons that can cause oxidative damage. They are produced during normal metabolism but also due to environmental toxins and radiation. Antioxidants help stabilize free radicals and prevent cellular damage. The body has endogenous antioxidants like glutathione, vitamin C and E, and antioxidant enzymes. Exogenous antioxidants from foods and supplements can further support the antioxidant defense system. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants leading to diseases. Maintaining adequate antioxidant levels through diet and lifestyle can help reduce oxidative damage and disease risk.
ROS and redox regulation
The document discusses oxidative stress and redox regulation. It defines oxidative stress as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in cells. Reactive oxygen species are formed through normal metabolism but also during environmental stress. They can damage biomolecules and lead to diseases. Antioxidants help neutralize reactive oxygen species and may help prevent certain diseases. Redox regulation involves electron transfer processes like oxidation, which is the loss of electrons, and reduction, which is the gain of electrons. An example of redox regulation is the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, which is involved in cell survival signaling and can be activated under oxidative stress conditions through redox modification.
Free radicals and antioxidants
definition, properties, types of free radical, neurodegenerative disorder, cardiovascular disease, and cancer due to free radicals, importance of antioxidants and their role.
antioxidants.ppt
This document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS), also known as free radicals, which are highly reactive molecules that can damage cells. ROS are produced naturally in the body during energy production but also by environmental and lifestyle factors. They are implicated in many diseases. The body protects itself from ROS damage through antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and by obtaining antioxidants from foods, which help neutralize free radicals. Aging leads to declines in these protective antioxidant defenses.
Free radicals and antioxidants
A detailed and descriptive powerpoint presentation of Free radicals and Antioxidants in Health and Disease.
Oxidative stress and antioxidants
Oxidative stress occurs due to an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body. Free radicals like reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can be generated endogenously through normal metabolism or exogenously through environmental exposures. They damage cells and tissues through lipid peroxidation and reactions with DNA, proteins, and other molecules. Antioxidants help reduce oxidative stress by scavenging or preventing the formation of free radicals. Common antioxidants include enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase as well as vitamins C and E. However, antioxidants can also act as pro-oxidants in high amounts or conditions of high oxygen pressure.
Oxidative stress
The document discusses oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS). It defines ROS and lists some examples like superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide. It describes how ROS are produced endogenously through processes like mitochondrial electron transport, and exogenously through factors like pollution, radiation, and xenobiotics. The effects of ROS include DNA damage and modulation of signal transduction pathways. It also discusses antioxidants, dividing them into antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase and catalase, chain breaking antioxidants like vitamins C and E, and transition metal binding proteins.
D. H. Nagore Antioxidant Ppt
The document discusses antioxidants and various screening models used to assess antioxidant potential. It describes how free radicals can cause oxidative stress and damage to cells, leading to diseases. Various in vitro screening models are described to test scavenging of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, including hydroxyl, superoxide, nitric oxide, and peroxyl radicals. Natural antioxidants from plants are also discussed, highlighting their importance as dietary sources of antioxidants.
Dheeraj Antioxidant Seminar
The document discusses various aspects of antioxidants and screening models used to evaluate antioxidant potential. It introduces free radicals and their sources, types including superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals. Various diseases associated with oxidative stress are mentioned. Different in vitro screening models to test antioxidant capacity against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are described, including DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, ORAC assays. Natural sources of antioxidants from plants used in Ayurveda and their potential is highlighted.
Free radicals in human diseases and the role
Free radicals reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are generated by our body by various endogenous systems, exposure to different physiochemical conditions or pathological states. A balance between free radicals and antioxidants is necessary for proper physiological function. If free radicals overwhelm the body's ability to regulate them, a condition known as oxidative stress ensues. Free radicals thus adversely alter lipids, proteins, and DNA and trigger a number of human diseases. Free radicals are a main cause of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, aging and immune defense disorders. Foods like berries and carrot protect us against free radicals.
ros [].pptx
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules formed from oxygen that can damage cells. They are produced endogenously through cellular processes like mitochondrial electron transport or immune cell activity, and exogenously through environmental exposures. At moderate levels ROS act as signaling molecules, but excess can cause oxidative stress. Antioxidants like enzymes and vitamins neutralize ROS and prevent cellular harm. The seminar discussed sources and functions of ROS as well as the protective role of antioxidants in maintaining redox balance in the body.
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快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
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Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
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Calcium gluconate
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Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
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Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
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The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
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https://ashpc.eu/
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Antioxidants
- 1. Antioxidants By Aya Mohammed and Youssor Ridha MSc students at Alnahrain University
- 2. What is free radicals atoms with an unpaired number of electrons formed when oxygen interacts with certain molecules, once formed these highly reactive radicals can start a chain reaction
- 3. There are many different types of free radicals, for example: • superoxide anion (O2-) • hydroxyl radical (OH ) • hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) • singlet oxygen (1O2 )
- 4. Where do free radicals come from? • normal metabolism • Environmental pollutants ( radiation, herbicides, pesticides ) • smoking
- 6. What is Antioxidant ? • A molecule that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules • i.e. remove free radicals
- 7. TYPES OF ANTIOXIDANTS Based on chemical nature • Enzymatic : peroxidase , Catalase • Non enzymatic : Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Uric acid, α- Lipoic acid Based on Defense Mechanism • Preventive Antioxidants : Peroxidase, Catalase • Radical scavenging Antioxidants : Vitamin C and Carotenoids.
- 8. Natural Sources of Antioxidants Terpenes tetraterpenoid carotenoids Lycopene Terpenes tetraterpenoid carotenoids B-carotene (Vitamin A) polyphenols flavonoids Rubin Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) Flavonoids Catechin + Epicatechin Tomato Carrot Cocoa Beans Orange, Strawberry, Pepper, Broccoli
- 9. Mode Of Action Free Radicals Vs Anti-Oxidants Free radicals damage cell membrane • Initiation :lipid peroxidation process by stealing electron from cholesterol that attached to phosphate head of phospholipid in cell membrane lead to change head properties and initiate destabilization of the Membrane • Chain reaction of free radicals : chain propagation • Termination : Erosion of membrane Anti-oxidants prevent phospholipids peroxidation + avoid cell membrane damage • Scavenging initiating radicals • Chain breaking reaction : prevent chain propagation • Able to repair oxidizing radicals directly 1- Cell Membrane
- 11. Free Radicals • Steal electron from the sugar part of nucleotide (oh) in 3 end of each nucleotide • Break in DNA chain causing mutation aging and cancer 2- DNA Anti-oxidants • Reducing the free radicals • Scavenge free radicals Mode Of Action Free Radicals Vs Anti-Oxidants
- 14. Free radical production 𝑜2 − , 𝐻2 𝑂2 OH Tissue damage Antioxidants Scavenging initiating radicals ( enzymatic anti-oxidants) Chelating transition metals ( non enzymatic anti-oxidants) Repair mechanism (prevent chain propagation) Transition metals F𝑒2+ , C𝑢2+
- 15. Evaluating Anti-oxidant Activity Assay Principle DPPH Antioxidant reaction with an organic radical ORAC Antioxidant reaction with peroxyl radicals
- 16. DPPH Assay free radical in nature with purple color DPPH + Anti-oxidant DPPHH Hydrogen donor Reduced form with yellow color rapid, simple and inexpensive in comparison to other methods With a UV spectrometer DPPH shows a strong absorption maximum at 517 nm (purple) Therefore, the antioxidant effect can be easily evaluated by the decrease of UV absorption from 517 nm ( yellow color). Anti-oxidant activity = OD (control ) – OD ( sample ) OD (control ) x 100
- 17. ORAC Assay “Antioxidant Power” Peroxyl O𝐻−2 + Fluorescein fluorescence Peroxyl O𝐻−2 + Fluorescein + Anti-oxidant fluorescence By preventing the oxidation of fluorescein oxidation of fluorescein Free radical Probe
- 18. At the end we use antioxidant in : • Anti-aging cream • Sunblock • Supplement Drug candidate • Tirilazad is an antioxidant steroid derivative that inhibits the lipid peroxidation that is believed to play a key role in neuronal death in stroke. It demonstrated activity in animal models of stroke, but human trials demonstrated no effect
- 19. Thank You