This document provides information about antioxidants found in various fruits. It defines antioxidants as chemicals that inhibit oxidation and protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. It discusses the occurrence of antioxidants in foods like vegetables, fruits, grains and nuts. It focuses on antioxidants found specifically in oranges and lemons. For oranges, it provides details on their scientific name, origin, antioxidant properties, and health benefits. Similarly for lemons, it discusses their scientific name, origin as an antioxidant source, and health advantages of lemon juice. The document also briefly covers antioxidants in cucumbers and amla. In under 3 sentences, it summarizes the key antioxidants found in these fruits and their role in reducing free radicals and

2. Prepared By
DR ABDUL SAMI
MPHIL EASTERN MEDICINE
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Pakistan

4. Contents:-
 Definition
 Occurrence
 Types of Antioxidants
 Orange
 Lemon
 Benefits of Antioxidants

5. Definition:-
 A chemical compound or substance that inhibits oxidation.
Certain vitamins, such as vitamin E, are antioxidants and may
protect bodycells from damage due to oxidation. OR
 Antioxidants are phytochemicals, vitamins and other nutrients
that help to protect our cells from free radicals.
 Oxidation is a natural process, which takes place all the time in
nature. On the one hand, without oxygen life would not be
possible,On the other hand the very same oxygen causes wear and
tear, destruction and as a result the aging and death of cells occur.

6. Occurrence:-
 Antioxidants are found in varying amounts in foods such as
vegetables, fruits, grain cereals, eggs, meat, legumes and nuts.
[and The food naturally rich in antioxidants are often called
superfoods or superfruits.
 And also found in deeply pigmented fruits and vegetables like
berries , green leafy veg. and citrus fruits.
 Some antioxidants such as ascorbic acid can be destroyed by long-
term storage.
 While other antioxidants such as whole wheat cereals are more
stable.

7. Types Of antioxidants:-
Following fruits can be used as antioxidants
 Cucumber
 Amla
 Orange
 Lemon
 Cherries
 Carrots etc.
And we will discuss here only two…….orange and lemon

8. Orange:-
Contents
 Scientific Name
 Family
 Origin
 Orange as an Anti-oxidant
 Benefits of Orange juice

9. Scientific Name:-
Citrous sinesis (sweet orange)
Citrous aurantium (bitter orange)
Family:-
Rutaceae

10. Origin:-
 Bitter oranges are originated from Italy in 11th century and then
widely grown in Southern Europe. It’s tree can grow up to a
maximum of 25 feet in height.
 Sweet oranges are originated from India in 15th century. It’s
tree has evergreen leaves and can reach up to about 40 feet.
 Brazil produces more oranges than any other country.
 Orange is the world’s third favorite flavor after chocolate and
vanilla.

11. Orange as an Antioxidant:-
 Orange juice is considered healthy due to its high content of
antioxidants, which help to reduce harmful free radicals in our
body.
 Vitamin C cannot be synthesized by the human body so we must
ingest it in our food and drink. vitamin C is essential to protect the
body cells from free radicals.
 Fresh orange juice is a great source of beneficial nutrients such as
minerals, vitamins, flavonoids and phyto nutrients. These all
nutrients play a significant role in maintaining healthy body.
 The calories in orange juice are zero.

12. Benefits Of Orange Juice:-
 Maintains the blood pressure level
 Promote the Immune system
 Contains Healing properties
 Assist in weight loss
 Reduces risks of Heart attacks
 Makes the Skin beautiful & Young Looking
 Fights Against Viral Infections
 Helps Create Good Vision
 Relieves Constipation

13. Lemon:-
Contents
 Scientific Name
 Family
 Origin
 Lemon as an Anti-oxidant
 Benefits of Lemon juice

14. Scientific Name:-
Citrous limon
Family:-
Rutaceae

15. Origin:-
 The origin of the lemon is unknown, though lemons are thought to
have first grown in northeast India, and China. It is a woody plant
that typically have a strong smell. It is a small evergreen tree native
to Asia.
 The lemon forms a spreading bush or a small tree 10-20feet in
height.

16. Lemon as an Antioxidant:-
 Lemons contain flavonoid compounds that have antioxidant and
anti-cancer properties.
(The flavonoids are a group of yellow colored plant pigments which
exert antioxidant activity)
 Lemons are an excellent source of vitamin C, one of the most
important antioxidants in nature.
 Vitamin C can be helpful for preventing the atherosclerosis and
diabetic heart disease.

17. Benefits Of Lemon Juice:-
Support immune function
Helps in digestion
Clear skin
Promote healing
It helps cure the common cold
It prevents the formation of wrinkles and acne
It balances maintain the pH levels in the body
Helps in the production of digestive juices

18. Benefits Of Antioxidants
 Fight Oxidative Stress and Free Radicals
 Anti-inflammation
 Heart diseases
 Prevents Hair loss
 Prevents occurrence of Heart diseases
 It reduces the signs of aging like wrinkles
 Protect the skin damage caused by the sun

19. Cucumber:
Contents:
 Scientific Name
 Origin
 Scientific Classification
 Varieties of Cucumber
 Cucumber as Anti-oxidant

20. Scientific Name:
The scientific name of Cucumber is cucumis sativus.
Origin:
• Cucumber is originally cultivated from Southern Asia but
not grows on most continents.It is widly cultivated plant
gourd family(Cucumbitaceae).It is creeping vine that
bear cylindrical fruit that are used as culinary vegetable.

21. Scientific Classification:
Kingdom : Plantae
Order : Cucurbitales
 Family : Cucurbtaceae
Genus : Cucumis
Species : Cucumis Sativus

22. Varieties of Cucumber:
There are three varieties of Cucumber.Which are as
follow;
Slicing
Pickling
Burpless
1. Slicing
Cucumber grows to eat fresh are called Slicing.They
are mainly eaten in unripe green form since the ripe
yellow form normally become bitter and sour.

23. Slicing of cucumber

24. 2. Pickling:
Cucumber can be pickled for flavor and longer shelf life.
Cucumber in pickling process removes or degrades much of nutrients
content especially that of vitamin compared to slicers.Picklers tent to
shorter ,thicker,less regularly shaped and have bumpy skin and with
tiny white or black dotted spines.
3. Burp less
Burp less cucumber are sweeter and have a thiner skin than other
varieties of cucumber and are reputed to be easly digest and to have a
pleasant taste ,they can grow as long as 2 feet,they are nearly
seedless and have a delicate skin.they are commonly grow in green
houses.

25. Pickling of cucumber

26. Burp less of Cucumber

27. Cucumber as anti-oxidant:
Cucumber contain numerous anti-oxidants including the
well known vitamin C and beta carotene.They also contain
anti-oxidant flavonoids,such as quercetin,apigenin which
provide additional benefits.E.g:
Quencetin it is anti-oxidant that may be prevents hitamine
release.It may help fight cancer and lower your risk of
chronic disease including heart disease.

28. Amla
 The Indian gooseberry, is considered as scared tree in India since the fruit is a
well known potent antioxidant and is very nourishing.
Source:-
Amla is richest source of vitamin C in natural form. It contains rich minerals,
amino acids and pectin.
Amla as an Antioxidant:-
Amla contains richest vitamin C that does not get oxidized because its tannins
retard the oxidation.Amla’s pectin decrease serum cholesterol in human beings. It
inhibits platelets agrigation and lowers cholesterol level. Amla reduce LDL by
16% while increase HDL by 25%.It regulates blood sugar and prevent lipids
peroxidation.

29. Amla

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