Studies that examined the therapeutic potential of plants leaf extracts
Plant Scientific Name Common Name Type of extraction Proposed active material
1. Solanum viarum Tropical Soda Apple Ether Solasodine glycoalkaloid
2. Acanthus illicifolious Harkucha Kanta Methanol Triterpenoids,Flavonoids,
Alkaloids
3. Annona squamosa Custard Apple Ethyl acetate Acetogenins,Alkaloids,
Dofamine
4 Alstonia scholaris. Chatium Methanol Alkaloids,Flavonoids
5. Calotropis gigantea Akanda Ethanol Triterpenoids,Flavonol
Glycosides
As the conventional therapeutic strategies fail to fulfil the major requirements for a successful cancer therapy. The use of naturally developed anticancer agents has evolved as an alternative safe, low-cost and convenient one.
Medicinal plants and cancer A series of PresentationByMr. Allah Dad Khan ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of PresentationByMr. Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension KP Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
As the conventional therapeutic strategies fail to fulfil the major requirements for a successful cancer therapy. The use of naturally developed anticancer agents has evolved as an alternative safe, low-cost and convenient one.
Medicinal plants and cancer A series of PresentationByMr. Allah Dad Khan ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of PresentationByMr. Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension KP Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
The importance of medicinal plants in the treatment of a variety of human ailments man has been dependent on the higher plants as a source of food and medicine.
Vinca Alkaloids as Anticancer Agents (Looking back and peering ahead)Mohammad Abrar Khan
The slides covers following topics-
1. Introduction
2.Structure of Vinca Alkaloids
3.Mechanism of Action
4.Emerging Vinblastine related compounds.
5.Drug Targetting aproaches.
Taxol and Derivatives in Therapy
Introduction
Mechanism of Action
Structure-Activity Relationship of Taxol
Side Effects of Taxol
Paclitaxel/Taxol In Cancer Therapy
Docetaxel
Drug Interactions of Docetaxel
Taxanes: Complicating Factors
References
Fil-Trek Corporation offers bag and cartridge filter housings, as well as industrial filters for many industries. They are located at 70 Fleming Dr Cambridge, ON N1T 2B1 (519) 623-7448.
The importance of medicinal plants in the treatment of a variety of human ailments man has been dependent on the higher plants as a source of food and medicine.
Vinca Alkaloids as Anticancer Agents (Looking back and peering ahead)Mohammad Abrar Khan
The slides covers following topics-
1. Introduction
2.Structure of Vinca Alkaloids
3.Mechanism of Action
4.Emerging Vinblastine related compounds.
5.Drug Targetting aproaches.
Taxol and Derivatives in Therapy
Introduction
Mechanism of Action
Structure-Activity Relationship of Taxol
Side Effects of Taxol
Paclitaxel/Taxol In Cancer Therapy
Docetaxel
Drug Interactions of Docetaxel
Taxanes: Complicating Factors
References
Fil-Trek Corporation offers bag and cartridge filter housings, as well as industrial filters for many industries. They are located at 70 Fleming Dr Cambridge, ON N1T 2B1 (519) 623-7448.
Studies that examined the therapeutic potential of plants leaf extracts
Plant Scientific Name Common Name Type of extraction Proposed active material
1. Solanum viarum Tropical Soda Apple Ether Solasodine glycoalkaloid
2. Acanthus illicifolious Harkucha Kanta Methanol Triterpenoids,Flavonoids,
Alkaloids
3. Annona squamosa Custard Apple Ethyl acetate Acetogenins,Alkaloids,
Dofamine
4 Alstonia scholaris. Chatium Methanol Alkaloids,Flavonoids
5. Calotropis gigantea Akanda Ethanol Triterpenoids,Flavonol
Glycosides
Definition
Anticancer, or antineoplastic, drugs are used to treat malignancies, or cancerous growths. Drug therapy may be used alone, or in combination with other treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy.
Purpose
Anticancer drugs are used to control the growth of cancerous cells. Cancer is commonly defined as the uncontrolled growth of cells, with loss of differentiation and commonly, with metastasis, spread of the cancer to other tissues and organs. Cancers are malignant growths. In contrast, benign growths remain encapsulated and grow within a well-defined area. Although benign tumors may be fatal if untreated, due to pressure on essential organs, as in the case of a benign brain tumor, surgery or radiation are the preferred methods of treating growths which have a well defined location. Drug therapy is used when the tumor has spread, or may spread, to all areas of the body.
Supply chain issues in Pharma industryJaimeen Rana
Supply Chain Management in pharmaceutical industry plays a very critical part as availability of the product at right time has to be ensured for unpredictable demand patterns. Issues being faced in this industry and solutions for those problems are mentioned in the presentation.
Terminalia Chebula A Traditional Herbal Drug – A Short Reviewinventionjournals
The usage of medicinal plants used from ancient times to treat various diseases due to its potential medicinal applications. Terminalia chebula is one of the common herbal drugs used in traditional systems in worldwide. The review tries to focus the traditional use of Terminalia chebula as herbal drug and the importance and its impact in the medicinal applications.
ABSTRACT- Background: Spinacia oleracea L. commonly known as palak is an edible flowering plant belongs to Amaranthaceae family. The plants exhibit its curative activity against several human diseases because of the presence of biological tannins and phenolic active phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids. It is used in the treatment of difficulty in breathing, inflammation of liver and lungs and leucorrhoea, useful in urinary concretion, inflammation of the lungs, sore throat, and pain in joints. Materials and Methods: Spinacia oleracea L. was collected from local market Jhansi in the month of January 2017. Aqueous and methanolic extraction of Spinacia oleracea L. and phytochemical screening of the extracts was done for Saponins, Reducing sugar, Cardiac glycosides, Protein and Amino acid, Glycosides, Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, and Steroids. Results: Phytochemical analysis of leaves of S. oleracea had most of the important phytochemicals like Alkaloids, Tannins, Glycosides, Terpenoids, and Flavonoids etc. In which, the aqueous extract of S. oleracea showed (in most of the test) positive result for Alkaloids, Phenols, Flavanoids, Saponins, Terpenoids, Reducing sugar, Protein, and Amino acid and showed a negative result for Carbohydrate, Glycosides, and Cardiac glycosides. The methanolic extract of the plant leaves revealed the presence of (in most of the test) Alkaloids, Tannins & Phenolic compounds, Flavanoids, Saponins, Terpenoids and Steroids and negative results for the rest. Conclusions: The phytochemical analysis of S. oleraceae revealed the presence of phytochemicals such as, Tannins, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Saponins, and Terpenoids etc. in the different extracts. By the presence of these phytochemicals, we were suggested that S. oleracea is a good nutrient rich leafy vegetable that can be used as a therapeutic and curative medicine for many oxidative stress- induced diseases. Key-words- Phytochemical analysis, Spinacia oleracea, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Methanolic extract
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES OF FIVE DIFFERENT HERBSArvind Singh Heer
IT IS A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES OF OCIMUM SANCTUM (TULSI), AZADIRACHTAINDICA (NEEM), FICUS RELIGIOSA (PEEPAL), CYNODON DACTYLON (DURVA/BERMUDA GRASS) AND AEGLE MARMELOS (BAEL) PLANTS FOR IT’S FUTURE USE IN FIELD OF AYURVEDA AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT- Medicinal plants have been used from the Vedic era. For thousands of years, they have been used to treat and prevent many types of diseases along with epidemics. Some medicinal plants also utilized as pleasant condiments, to flavor, to dye, for conserve food etc. Almost every portion of the plant has own medicinal properties. Different types of secondary metabolites found in the medicinal plants which play an important role in many kinds of diseases and also used for manufacturing medicines. A large number of the plants are also reported to possess many other activities like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-insecticidal, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, anti-hemolytic properties etc, also used widely by the tribal people all over the world. The traditional medicinal uses of 23 plants species belonging to different families are reported in this review article. Key-words- Traditional medicine, Medicinal plants, Anti-oxidant, Medicinal plants
Medicinal plants are considered as a rich resources of ingredients which can be used in drug development. More than 30% of the entire plant species, at one time or other were used for medicinal purposes. It has been estimated that in developed countries like United States, plant drugs constitute as much as 25% of the total drugs, while in fast developing countries like India and China the contribution is as much as 80%. These countries provide two third of the plants used in modern system of medicine and the health care system of rural population depend on indigenous systems of medicine. Most of the drugs are considered very safe as there is no or minimal side effects.
Moringa is a plantfood of high nutritional value, ecologically and economically beneficial and readily available in the countries hardest hit by the food crisis. http://miracletrees.org/ http://moringatrees.org/
Resource assessment, Uses, domistication and commercialization of timber and non-timber forest products. Table of some important agroforestry medicinal plants with their uses given. Some figure, image and data were collected from internet.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Anti microbial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of roots and leaves...SriramNagarajan19
Murraya koenigii, family Rutaceae, commonly known as Curry leaf plant is a highly valued plant for its medicinal value and characteristic aroma.The plant shows varied pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antifungal,hypoglycemic,antiobese,antipyretic,hepatoprotective etc., The plant is a rich source of carbazole alkaloids containing mahanimbine as a major alkaloidal constituent in its major proportion which was proved by mayer’s alkaloidal test. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of roots and leaves of the plant were screened for antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.The antimicrobial activity was tested by diffusion assay method in which cup plate method was chosen. The study shows that aqueous and ethanolic root and leaf extracts possess remarkable antimicrobial activity when compared with standard cephalosporin. Thus,Murraya Koenigii shows tremendous antimicrobial activity with root and leaf extracts.
Qualitative Analysis of Legume Pericarp (Pod Wall) and Seeds of Acacia Farnes...IOSR Journals
Present study deals with the qualitative analysis of ethanolic extract of Legume pericarp (pod wall)
and seeds of Acacia farnesiana (L). In which we analyze 22 Phytochemical, which are use full for controlling
the diseases in Human beings. In India, Acacia farnesiana L. is known as Mulla tumma, Kampu tumma in local
area and it is commonly known as Aroma and sweet acacia also. The aim of the present study is to investigate
the presence or absence of phytochemicals such as Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Steroids, Proteins, Carbohydrates,
Tannin, Amides, Terpenoides, Amines, Phenol, Test for Unsaturation, Carboxylic acid, Test for NH2, Nitrogen,
Sulphur, Halogen, Starch, Saponin, Ascorbic acid, Glycosides, Reducing Sugar and Triterpenoids contents of
the selected medicinal plants. The ethanolic extract of legume pericarp indicates the presence of major
bioactive compound compare to seeds.
ABSTRACT- Bael (Aegle marmelos) fruit is one of the blessings from nature for the mankind which is packed with enormous medicinal advantag-es. Its medicinal properties have been described in the ancient medical treatise in Sanskrit, Charaka Samhita. All parts of this tree from stem, bark, root; leaves and fruit at all stages of maturity have medicinal value and have been used as medicine for a long time. Many antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, flavones, isoflavones, coumarin, anthocyanin, lignans, catechins and isocatechins are found in the fruit pulp (Maity and Hansda, 2009). This plant has tremendous uses listed in Ayurvedic and Unani and Siddha Systems of medicine. This plant is having great potential to cure the disease like diabetes, cholesterol, peptic ulcer, inflammation, diarrhoea, and dysentery, anticancer, cardio protective, anti bacterial, anti fungal, radio protective, anti pyretic, analgesic, constipation, respiratory infection, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, wound healing and many more. The present re-view summarizes the scientific information of various aspects of Aegle marmelos plant used in traditional system of medicine for variety of purpose and its commercial importance. Key Words: Bael, Medicine, Antioxidants, Flavonoids, Lignans, Catechins
Similar to Anti cancer activity of medicinal plant (20)
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
1. Anti Cancer activity of
Medicinal Plants
Thesis-Part-1
• Presentation
• Prepared by Sk Abu Raihan Abdullah
• MBT,3rd Sem,NITMAS
2. What is Medicinal plant ?
Medicinal plants are plants that have a
recognized medical use.
Medicinal plants refer to using a plant’s
seeds, berries, roots, leaves, bark or
flowers for medicinal purposes.
3. Their use ranges the production of
mainstream pharmaceutical products to
herbal medicine preparations.
Herbal medicine is one of the oldest
forms of medical treatment in human
history and could be considered one of
the forerunners of the modern
pharmaceutical trade.
4. Medicinal plants contain active chemical
constituents in any of their parts like root,
stem, leaves, bark, fruit and seeds which
produce a definite curing physiological
response in the treatment of various
ailments in human and other animals.
Medicinal plants are primary source of
health care throughout the world for
thousand of years.
5. Why Medicinal Plants use
for Cancer Treatment
All over the world cancer is one of the
most serious health problems that affect
the duration and quality of the individuals’
life.
As the conventional therapeutic strategies
fail to full fill the major requirements for a
successful cancer therapy. The use of
naturally developed anticancer agents has
evolved as an alternative safe, low-cost and
convenient one.
6. Therefore, the use of plant extracts
with potential anticancer therapeutic
effects might be particularly
significant.
A lot of medicinal plants, traditionally
used for thousands of years, are present
in a group of herbal preparations of the
Indian traditional health care system
(Ayurveda) named Rasayana proposed
for their interesting antioxidant and anti
cancer activities.
7. The therapeutic potential of plants leaf extract
Plant Scientific Name Type of extraction Proposed active material
1. Solanum viarum Ether Solasodine glycoalkaloid
(Tropical Soda Apple)
2. Acanthus illicifolious Methanol Triterpenoids,Flavonoids,
(Harkucha Kanta) Alkaloids
3. Annona squamosa Ethyl acetate Acetogenins,Alkaloids,
(Custard Apple) Dofamine
4 Alstonia scholaris Methanol Alkaloids,Flavonoids
(Chatium)
5. Calotropis gigantea Ethanol Triterpenoids,Flavonol
(Akanda) Glycosides
8. Solanum viarum Dunal, belongs to
the family Solanaceae, commonly
called Tropical Soda Apple (TSA) is
a shallow rooted, profusely
branched, perennial shrub. It is
native plant of Argentina and
central Brazil and has been
naturalized in many parts of the
world including India.
Solanum viarum
9. Solasodine is a major glycoalkaloid constituent
of this plant. Solasodine extracted from this
plant is used treat cancer (Trouillas et al.,
2005), leukemia (Blood cancer), as a steroid
precursor to produce contraceptive pills
(Everist, 1981), Addison's disease, rheumatic
arthritis, chronic asthma, obesity, palsy, skin
diseases (Pingle and Dhyansagar, 1980), and
anti-inflammatory steroidal drugs.
10. Acanthus ilicifolius Linn. (Family Acanthaceae)
a gregarious shrub, commonly found with
mangroves along the coastal regions of India.
The common names of Acanthus ilicifolius are
Beng. Harkucha kanta, Eng. Holy leaved
acanthus.
It is found commonly in the east and west
coasts, also found in Meghalaya and the
Andamans. Leaves are simple, oblong to
elliptic, varying in size, smaller in flowering
season.
Acanthus ilicifolius
11. Acanthus ilicifolius (Acanthaceae) has received
considerable attention due to its wide range of
secondary metabolites and its traditional usage
in Indian and Chinese system of medicine.
This plant is reported to be a mangrove.
Mangrove survives in the most hostile
environment with fluctuating tidal and saline
regime. Hence, these plants are considered
to be rich sources of steroids, triterpenoids,
saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins.
12. The plant have demonstrated significant
pharmacological activities like antioxidant,
anticarcinogenic, anti-osteporotic and
hepatoprotective.
Traditionally, the plant has been used for
dyspepsia, paralysis, asthsma, headache,
rheumatism, and skin diseases.
13. Annona squamosa
Annona squamosa Linn.
(Family Annonaceae), popular
with common name of
“custurd apple or sugar apple”.
Its origin from West Indies and Central
America. The plant is also cultivated
throughout the South Asia especially in
tropical regions for edible purpose. It is a
small (about 5-6 m in height) deciduous tree
with irregular branches.
14. Ethyl acetate extracts leaf of Annona squamosa L.
were found acetogenins,alkaloids,dofamine,salsolinol
and Coclaurine. Its have significant anticancer activity.
It is effective remedy for various types of
inflammatory diseases as well as tumorous growths.
The plant has been used in traditional medicine of
several tropical countries to treat epilepsy, dysentry,
cardiac problems, worm infection, constipation,
hemorhage, antibacterial, dysurea, fever and ulcer. It
also has anti-fertility and abortifacient properties
(Soni et al., 2012).
15. Alstonia scholaris Linn (Family
Apocynaceae) which is popularly
known as the “Saptaparni” or
“Devil’s tree”. Common name of
Bengali are Chatium.
Alstonia scholaris Linn is a medium to large tree.
The uperside of the leaves are glossy, while the
underside is Greyish, its mature bark is grayish.
It is widely distributed in dried forests of India,
Western Himalayas, Western Ghats and in the
Southern region.
Alstonia scholaris
16. The plant Alstonia scholaris has been used in
different system of traditional medication for the
treatment of diseases and ailments of human
beings. It is reported to contain various alkaloids,
flavonoids and phenolic acids.
It has been reported as anti-cancer, antioxidant,
analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer,
bronchodilatory, antimicrobial, antiamoebic,
antidiarrhoeal, antiplasmodial, hepatoprotective,
immunomodulatory, antiasthmatic, free radical
scavenging, anti-fertility and wound
healing activities.
17. Calotropis gigantea
Calotropis gigantea (Crown flower
or Akanda) is a species of
Calotropis native to Cambodia,
Indonesia,Malaysia,Philippines,
Thailand,Sri Lanka,India,China,
Pakistan,Nepal, and tropical Africa.
It is a large shrub growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall.
It has clusters of waxy flowers that are either
white or lavender in colour. The plant has
oval, light green leaves and milky stem.
18. Traditionally extracts and preparations from
leaves and roots of Calotropis gigantea are
used against abdominal tumours, boils,
syphilis, tuberculous, leprosy, skin diseases,
piles, wounds, rheumatism and insect-bites.
Several phytochemicals have been isolated
from Calotropis gigantea and they include
cytotoxic cardenolides, anti feedant
non protein amino acid, naphthalene and
terpene derivatives, flavonol glycosides,
pregnanes, ursane-type triterpenoids and
steroids.
19. Root bark of this plant is used in
dysentery and as a purgative, alterative,
diaphoretic and emetic. Antipyretic,
analgesic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic,
sedative, hepatoprotective, wound healing,
antidiabetic, larvicidal, anti-inflammatory
and anti-diarrhoeal activities of Calotropis
gigantea have been scientifically proven.
20. Conclusion
With the growing interest in health and
wellness, alternative medicines are becoming
increasingly popular worldwide.
In addition, a growing body of scientific
research shows that herbal medicines can be
highly effective for cancer diseases and
conditions. Moreover, as research in this area
increases, the optimum doses for herbal
medicines are known to ever greater accuracy.
21. References
1. Pingle, A.R. and Dhyansagar, V.R. 1980 Solanum viarum as a source of
solasodine. Indian Drugs,
2. Khajure, P. V. & Rathod, J. L. (2011). Potential anticancer activity of
Acanthus ilicifolius extracted from the mangroves forest of Karwar, west
coast of India. World Journal of Science and Technology, 1(1), 1-6.
3.Shirwaikar A, Rajendran K, Kumar CD. In vitro antioxidant studies of
Annona squamosa Linn leaves. Indian J
Exp Biol. 2004;42:803–7.
4.Ramachandra YL, Ashajyothi C, Padmalatha RS. Antioxidant activity of
Alstonia scholaris extracts containing flavonoids and phenolic
compounds. Int J Pharm Pharma Sci. 2012;4(3):424–6.
5. Adak M, Gupta JK: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity
of Calotropis gigantea (AKANDA) in various biological
systems. Nepal Med Coll J, 2006, 8, 156–161.
22. 6. Nee, M. 1991. Synopsis of Solanum section Acanthophora: A group
of interest for glyco-alkaloides, pp. 258-266 In: J. G. Hawkes, R. N.
Lester, M. Nee and N. Estrada eds. Solanaceae III: Taxonomy,
chemistry, evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey,
UK.
7. Wostmann, R. & Liebezeit, G. (2008). Chemical composition of the
mangrove holly Acanthus ilicifolius (Acanthaceae). Senckenbergiana
maritime, 38(1), 31-37
8. Neha Pandey and Dushyant Barve (2011). Phytochemical and
Pharmacological review on Annona squamosa Linn. International
Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(4):
1404- 1412.
9. Arulmozhi S, Papiya Mitra Mazumder, Sathiya Narayanan L, Prasad
A Thakurdesai. In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging
activity of fractions from Alstonia Scholaris linn. R.Br. International
Journal of PharmTech Research. 2010; 2(1):18-25.
10. Sen S, Sahu NP, Mahato SB. Flavonol glycosides from Calotropis
gigantea. Phytochemistry 1992; 31: 2919-2921.