Potential plants molecule in cancer disease. The document discusses several herbal plants that show anticancer activity, including their mechanisms of action. It summarizes that Camptotheca acuminata contains camptothecin which inhibits topoisomerase I and DNA replication. Podophyllum contains podophyllotoxin and related compounds that inhibit topoisomerase II. Periwinkle contains alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine which prevent microtubule assembly. Taxus brevifolia contains taxol and related compounds that stabilize microtubules. Curcuma longa contains curcumin which has anti-inflammatory and apoptotic effects. Many herbal compounds show promise for cancer treatment but developing safe, economic anticancer drugs remains a

1. POTENTIAL PLANTS MOLECULE IN
CANCER DISEASE
Presented by
Bondre Rameshwar B.
M.Pharm pharmacology
(S.R.T.M.U),INDIA
1

2.  Introduction
 Type of cancer
Pathophysiology
Different herbal plants shows
anticancer activity
References
2
CONTENT
S

3. CANCER:-
Cancer is characterized by rapid and uncontrolled
formation of abnormal cells which may mass
together to form a growth or tumor, or proliferate
throughout the body, initiating abnormal growth at
other sites.
ANTI-CANCER DRUGS:-
The Drugs that are used in inhibiting the abnormal
cell growth or killing the cancer cells.
3
INTRODUCTION:

4. WORLD WIDE DEATH RATE OF
CANCER
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 14.1 million new cancer case.
 8.2 million cancer deaths and 32.6 million people living
with cancer 57% new cancer cases, 65% cancer deaths .
 7 lakh indians died of cancer last year: who
 25% higher in men than in women,
 mortality: 15% higher in more developed in men, and 8%
higher in women.

5. TYPE OF CANCER
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6. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY : Carcinogenesis
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7. 7

8. Plant Species Currently Used in Clinical Cancer Treatment
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 1. Campotheca acuminata L. (Nyssaceae; Chinese Happy ,Tree—Xi
Shu, Cancer Tree)
 Campotheca acuminata is a native tree of Southern China and Tibet.
 MOA : It contains the quinoline alkaloid camptothecin (CPT), which
inhibits topoisomerase I and therefore DNA replication
 USE : Traditionally used in China to treat different kind of cancers,
especially cancers of the stomach and liver, and breast cancer, colon
cancers, malignant melanoma, small-cell lung cancer and leukemia.

9. 2. Podophyllum peltatum L. (Berberidaceae)
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B. Source: Podophyllum hexandrum
Family: Berberidaceae
Part used: dried rhizomes & roots
Chemical constituent:
Podophyllotoxin
 Etoposide
 Teniposide
Uses:
 Used in treatment of small cell
 carcinoma of lung,
 prostrate and testicular carcinomas

10. MOA of Podophyllum
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Acts by inhibiting
topoisomerase II
These drugs are
most active in late S
and early G2 phase

11. Vinca rosea Linn. (Periwinkle)
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B. source: Catharanthus roseus
Family: Apocynaceae
Part used: Dried whole plant
 Active ingredients
 Ajmalicine, vindoline, catharanthine.
 alkaloids: vinblastine (VBL), vincristine (VCR) and
leurosidine
 .

12. MODE OF ACTION OF VINCA
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These drugs block the formation
of mitotic spindle by preventing
the assembly of tubulin dimers
into microtubules.
They act primarily on the M
phase of cancer cell cycle.

13. USES OF VINCA
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 Traditional uses include
 soothing and healing of inflammatory ailments of the skin, as well as
eye irritations and infections. In modern medicine,
 the plant extract has been used for the treatment of diabetes, high
 blood pressure, asthma, constipation, and menstrual problems
Leukemia, skin cancer, lymphoma,
 acute leukemia, breast cancer, lung
 cancer, brain tumors, Wilms tumors,
 multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma.

14. TAXANE
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 B. source: Taxus brevifolia
 Family: Taxaceae
Part used: Stem bark
Uses:
 Ovarian cancer
 Lung carcinoma
 Gastric & Cervical cancers
 Prostate & colon cancer
Chemical constituent:
 Taxol
 Paclitaxel
 Docetaxal

15. MOA of Taxanes
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16. CURCUMIN
 SYNONIM: Haladi
 BIOLOGICAL SOURSE: Curcuma longa.
 FAMILY : Zingiberaceae
 CHEMICAL CONSTITUENT:
 curcumin
 Demethoxycurcumin
 bisdemethoxycurcumin
 USE: anticancer
 antiinflamatory,
 Woundhealing
so many use.
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17. Anticancer activity
 Mediated partly through inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase and the apoptotic
effect may partly be mediated through inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase,
 Curcumin induces apoptotic cell death by DNA-damage in human cancer cell
 Suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipooxygenase expression,
which blocks production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes
 Suppression of cyclin D1 which is a proto-oncogene overexpressed in many
cancers (e.g., breast, esophagus, lung, liver, head and neck, colon, and prostate
 Suppression of various inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis
factor, angiogenesis, a crucial step in the growth and metastasis of many
cancers
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18.  Curcumin also suppresses tumour growth through Nitric
oxide (NO) and its derivatives play a major role in tumour
promotion.
 Curcumin inhibit COX-2 production by suppression of
NFkB activation.
 Curcumin also increases NO production in Natural Killer
(NR) cells after prolonged treatment, culminating in a
stronger tumouricidal effect.
 curcumin, to suppress the growth of a variety of tumor
cells.
10

19. structures
Curcumin (Ketoform)
Curcumin (Enolform)
1
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20. 20

21. 21

22. 22

23. Conclusion
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 Over the years, a number of approaches have been
developed for clinical use and a number of anticancer
drugs have come out of these as a result, good number
of anticancer agents have been developed from plants
or their derived agents, development of a safe,
economic and site-specific anticancer drug is still a
challenge. Perhaps, scientists will have to look towards
nature for another diverse molecule with a novel mode
of action to Treat this dreadful Disease(cancer).

24. References:
24
 A. D. Kinghorn, N. R. Farnsworth, D. D. Soejarto, G. A. Cordell, S. M.
Swanson, J. M. Pezzuto, M. C. Wani, M. E. Wall, N. H. Oberlies, D. J. Kroll, R.
A. Kramer, W. C. Rose, G. D. Vite, C. R. Fairchild, R. W. Peterson, R. Wild,
Pharm. Biol. 2003,
 Ram Prakash Rastogi and Bhola Nath Dhawan, Anticancer and Antiviral
Activities in Indian Medicinal Plants: A Review . Drug Dev. Res. 19:l-12, 1990
 Vandana Srivastava, Arvind Singh Negi,* J. K. Kumar, Plant-based anticancer
molecules: A chemical and biological profile of some important leads.
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 13 (2005)
 Let´ıcia Veras Costa-Lotufo a,∗, Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khanb,1, Arjumand
Ather c,Diego Veras Wilke a, Studies of the anticancer potential of plants used
in Bangladeshi folk medicine Journal of EthnoSpharmacology 99 (2005) 21–30

25. References:
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 PLANTS THAT FIGHT CANCER, Edited by Spiridon E. Kintzios and Maria G.
Barberaki
 DavidG.I.Kingston,Plants Derived Natural Productsas Anticancer Agents , Springer
Science+Business Media B.V. 2011
 Mary Ann Jordan and Leslie Wilson, Microtubules as a Targets for Anticancer Drugs ,
Nature Reviewe Cancer vol 4 | Apr 2004
 Diwaker A K*1, Jadon Gu,njan Plant-Based Anticancer Molecules: A Chemical and
Biological Profile of Some Important Leads .IJARPB, 2012; Vol.2 (1):16-24
 YasukoKitagishi,MayumiKobayashi,andSatoruMatsuda, Protection against Cancer with
Medicinal Herbs via Activation of Tumor Suppressor. Journal of Oncology Volume 2012
 Spiridon E. Kintzios, Terrestrial Plant-Derived Anticancer Agents and Plant Species Used
in Anticancer Research . Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 25:2, 79-113

26. THANK YOU
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