Coenzyme - Introduction, Definition, Examples for coenzyme, reaction catalysed by coenzyme, Types of coenzymes - cosubstrate and prosthetic group coenzymes, second type of classification of coenzyme- hydrogen group transfer , other than hydrogen group transfer.
Enzyme inhibition is explained with its kinetics, animations showing mechanism of inhibitors action, examples of inhibitors are explained in detail with Enzyme inhibited.
by Dr. N. Sivaranjani, MD
Coenzyme - Introduction, Definition, Examples for coenzyme, reaction catalysed by coenzyme, Types of coenzymes - cosubstrate and prosthetic group coenzymes, second type of classification of coenzyme- hydrogen group transfer , other than hydrogen group transfer.
Enzyme inhibition is explained with its kinetics, animations showing mechanism of inhibitors action, examples of inhibitors are explained in detail with Enzyme inhibited.
by Dr. N. Sivaranjani, MD
An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered in the process. The biological processes that occur within all living organisms are chemical reactions, and most are regulated by enzymes
Enzymes properties, nomenclature and classificationJasmineJuliet
Enzymes - Definition, Introduction about biocatalysts, Properties of enzymes, Specificity, capacity for regulation, Example for enzyme at specific pH, Nomenclature of enzymes, Systematic name, common name, enzyme commission number, Classification of enzymes: Oxidoreductase, Transferase, lyases, ligases, isomerases, hydrolases.
Introduction
Definition
Classification of polysaccharides
1- Homopolysaccharides
2-Heteropolysaccharides
What is heteropolysaccarides?
Type of heteropolysaccharides
Function of heteropolysaccharides
Conclusion
References
Nucleotide Biosynthesis involves 2 processes. one is Denovo synthesis and other is Salvage pathway. An outline of both the processes has given in this presentation.
In this ppt competitive inhibition of enzymes is fully explained with its examples. it will be helpful for all the life science students. Non Competitive inhibition , Uncompetitive inhibition & Irreversible inhibition of Enzymes have been well explained in this presentation. it will be helpful for biochemistry, botany, zoology and other life/bio sciences students. I tried to explain Allosteric enzymes, their mechanism of action, Allosteric inhibition, Feedback inhibition in this presentation so that it can be easy to understand the concept for viewers.
An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered in the process. The biological processes that occur within all living organisms are chemical reactions, and most are regulated by enzymes
Enzymes properties, nomenclature and classificationJasmineJuliet
Enzymes - Definition, Introduction about biocatalysts, Properties of enzymes, Specificity, capacity for regulation, Example for enzyme at specific pH, Nomenclature of enzymes, Systematic name, common name, enzyme commission number, Classification of enzymes: Oxidoreductase, Transferase, lyases, ligases, isomerases, hydrolases.
Introduction
Definition
Classification of polysaccharides
1- Homopolysaccharides
2-Heteropolysaccharides
What is heteropolysaccarides?
Type of heteropolysaccharides
Function of heteropolysaccharides
Conclusion
References
Nucleotide Biosynthesis involves 2 processes. one is Denovo synthesis and other is Salvage pathway. An outline of both the processes has given in this presentation.
In this ppt competitive inhibition of enzymes is fully explained with its examples. it will be helpful for all the life science students. Non Competitive inhibition , Uncompetitive inhibition & Irreversible inhibition of Enzymes have been well explained in this presentation. it will be helpful for biochemistry, botany, zoology and other life/bio sciences students. I tried to explain Allosteric enzymes, their mechanism of action, Allosteric inhibition, Feedback inhibition in this presentation so that it can be easy to understand the concept for viewers.
Isomerism - Structural Isomerisms in Organic compoundsDr Venkatesh P
Structural Isomerism in Organic compounds - Chain Isomerism, Positional Isomerism, Functional Isomerism, Metamerism and Tautomerism explained with suitable examples. In Introduction, Definition of Isomerism and Stereoisomerism given simply to understand the difference between Structural and Stereo isomerism.
https://youtu.be/a0snq_oz50A
Isomerism
History
In the year 1827, chemistry scholar Friedrich Woehler prepared cyanic acid and got surprised that the chemical composition of the formed substance was identical to the fulminic acid but the properties of this acid are very much different. This finding created shockwaves in the science scholar community as at that time it was considered that chemical compounds can only have different properties if they have different elemental
One of the most essential features of organic molecules is their propensity compositions. After some discoveries of some sort, this was considered a scientific phenomenon and Jacob Berzelius named this phenomenon Isomerism.
What is isomerism?
to show isomerism. Two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but different physical and chemical properties are known as isomers, and this property of a compound is known as Isomerism.
Types of Isomerism
Isomerism can be classified into two categories as follows:
• Structural or constitutional isomerism
• Stereoisomerism
Structural Isomerism
The constitution of a molecule refers to the quantity, kind, and connection of its atoms. The structural isomers or constitutional isomers differ in the connection of their atoms, and this phenomenon is known as structural isomerism. It is also known as constitutional isomerism.
Because they have the same molecular formula, ethanol, and dimethyl ether are isomers. C2H6O. Because the atoms in each chemical are bonded differently, they are structural isomers. The following are some examples of structural isomerism in various forms:
• Chain isomerism
• Position isomerism
• Functional isomerism
• Metamerism
• Tautomerism
• Ring chain isomerism
Chain Isomerism
Chain isomers are isomeric substances that differ solely in the arrangement of carbon atoms in the base chain, and chain isomerism is isomerism between them. The carbon atom chain or skeleton differs amongst isomers of this type.
Carbon atoms can be arranged in a straight or branched chain. Chain isomerism does not exist in molecules comprising up to three carbon atoms since they are a continuous chain with no chance of branching. It is demonstrated for compounds with four or more carbon atoms.
• Chain isomerism in alkanes: Alkanes containing four or more carbon atoms. For example, Two chain isomers are represented by the chemical formula C4H10.
• Chain isomerism in alkenes: When writing chain isomers for alkenes, the position of the double bond should not be modified. For example, Two chain isomers are represented by the chemical formula C4H8.
Position Isomerism
Position isomerization is a phenomenon that occurs when two or more compounds differ in the position of a component atom or functional group on the carbon skeleton.
C3H8O, for example, is made up of two alcohols:
Functional Isomerism
Two or more molecules with the same chemical formula but distinct functional groups are called functional isomers. Functional isomerism is the term for this occurrence.
Detailed Amino acid structure, Zwitter ions, acid base properties of Amino acids, Chirality, L and D forms of amino acids,standard and non standard amino acids, Essential and non essential amino acids,Learn all amino acids, their properties in detail,methods to quantify amino acids
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Anomers and epimers
1. What are Anomers
Anomers are stereoisomers that occur due to the difference in the configuration at their
anomeric carbon. Anomeric carbon is the carbon atom that has an aldehyde and
ketone group in the acyclic form of a sugar molecule. Sugar molecules are composed of
an aldehyde or ketone group at one end and an alcohol group at the other end of the
acyclic form of the sugar molecule. In order to become more stable, these groups of the
two ends can react with each other forming a cyclic sugar 3molecule. In this cyclic form,
the anomeric carbon has a –OH group attached to it. The position of this –OH group in
one anomeric molecule is in the opposite direction to that of the other molecule
The conversion of one anomeric form to the other anomeric form is called anomerization. This
is a reversible process. However, both anomers are stable molecules with a cyclic structure.
The two anomers are named alpha (α) anomer or beta (β) anomer. As shown in the above
image, the –OH group attached to the anomeric carbon of alpha anomer is in the opposite
direction to that of the beta anomer of glucose. The anomeric carbon is given in a green color.
What are Epimers
Epimers are a type of stereoisomers that are different from each other only at one chiral
carbon. Epimers are a type of diastereomers Although there are more than one chiral
carbons, epimers differ from each other only at one carbon center. Epimers are not
mirror images of each other.
2. As shown in the above image, D-glucose and D-mannose are epimers of each other. The blue
colored part indicates the location where isomerism has occurred. Here, the –OH group is
directed to the left side in D-mannose where it is in the right side for D-glucose. Other carbon
atoms are also chiral carbons in those molecules, but are identical to each other. Therefore,
the carbon atom where the isomerism has occurred is called the epimeric carbon.
Similarities Between Anomers and Epimers
• Anomers and epimers types are stereoisomers.
• Both types are formed due to the difference at one carbon atom.
• Both types are commonly found in sugar molecules.
• Isomerism occurs due to the differences in the position of one –OH group
attached to a carbon.
Difference Between Anomers and Epimers
Definition
3. Anomers: Anomers are stereoisomers that occur due to the difference in the
configuration at their anomeric carbon.
Epimers: Epimers are a type of stereoisomers that are different from each other only
at one chiral carbon.
Carbon where Isomerism occurs
Anomers: Isomerism occurs at anomeric carbon of the anomers.
Epimers: Isomerism occurs at the epimeric carbon of the epimers.
Structure of Sugar Molecule
Anomers: Anomers are cyclic molecules.
Epimers: Epimers can be either acyclic or cyclic molecules.
Prepared by : Afaq Miraj ( Dept Of Chemistry , University Of Wah)