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Plant kingdom (11th Biology) for complete 11th and 12th notes 1999 and for PP...ASM NAFIS BIOLOGY
This is uploaded with videos on YouTube, linked provided bellow
Introduction and thalophyta- https://youtu.be/OtVqgSXwpAo
Bryophyta-https://youtu.be/QlmhYUNKA98
Pteridophyta- https://youtu.be/WjVXHVCN5Fs
Gymnosperm-https://youtu.be/Yy6pNmDoyz8
Angiosperm-https://youtu.be/ZDmYYklBwh4
Still you can comment us on YouTube to get more explanation and better videos.
Biological Classification
This ppt shows the details of biological classification. it gives a brief idea about the five kingdom classification with a detailed description of kingdoms monera, protista and fungi. a detailed description of viruses, viroids, prions and lichens have also been given....
For more details visit my youtube channel: (VIHIRA ACADEMY)
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxo06Nj-QWo_7SNvMyDnJCQ?view_as=subscriber
Plant kingdom (11th Biology) for complete 11th and 12th notes 1999 and for PP...ASM NAFIS BIOLOGY
This is uploaded with videos on YouTube, linked provided bellow
Introduction and thalophyta- https://youtu.be/OtVqgSXwpAo
Bryophyta-https://youtu.be/QlmhYUNKA98
Pteridophyta- https://youtu.be/WjVXHVCN5Fs
Gymnosperm-https://youtu.be/Yy6pNmDoyz8
Angiosperm-https://youtu.be/ZDmYYklBwh4
Still you can comment us on YouTube to get more explanation and better videos.
Biological Classification
This ppt shows the details of biological classification. it gives a brief idea about the five kingdom classification with a detailed description of kingdoms monera, protista and fungi. a detailed description of viruses, viroids, prions and lichens have also been given....
For more details visit my youtube channel: (VIHIRA ACADEMY)
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxo06Nj-QWo_7SNvMyDnJCQ?view_as=subscriber
if you want to be a champion in the kingdom Animalia, then it is best for you .
this slide show covers all important features , characteristics of organisms under kingdom animalia
This presentation is made in accordance with the NCERT textbook of Biology for Class 11. It deals with the introduction and characteristics of living organisms as well as concepts of nomenclature..
FOR FURTHER DETAILS YOU CAN WATCH THE RELATED VIDEO AT THE GIVEN LINK
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxo06Nj-QWo_7SNvMyDnJCQ?view_as=subscriber
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
if you want to be a champion in the kingdom Animalia, then it is best for you .
this slide show covers all important features , characteristics of organisms under kingdom animalia
This presentation is made in accordance with the NCERT textbook of Biology for Class 11. It deals with the introduction and characteristics of living organisms as well as concepts of nomenclature..
FOR FURTHER DETAILS YOU CAN WATCH THE RELATED VIDEO AT THE GIVEN LINK
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxo06Nj-QWo_7SNvMyDnJCQ?view_as=subscriber
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
Mammals Lesson Biology PowerPoint, Class Mammalia, Taxonomy and Classificationwww.sciencepowerpoint.com
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Animals are multicellular and heterotrophic organisms without cell wall and chlorophyll. The method of arranging organism into groups on the basis of similarities and differences is called classification. Taxonomy is the science of classification which makes the study of wide variety of organisms easier.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
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He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
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Aniaml kingdom class XI
1.
2. Basic Of Classification
Level of organization
Cellular level of organisation :– eg In sponges ,cells are in loose cell
aggregates
Tissue level of organization :–eg- In coelenterates cells doing the same
function form tissues
Organ level of organization –eg – Platyhelminths tissues are organized to
form organ specialized for a particular function
Organ-System level of organization -:eg – in Annelid , Arthropod , etc .
Organ has associated to form functional system with specific physiological
function. Organ System show variations from animal to animal eg :digestive system in platyhelminth has only one opening but others has 2
openings
3.
4. Embryonic layer Arrangement
Diploblastic :– Body wall 2 layered –ectoderm &
endoderm eg :- Coelenterates with an
undifferentiated mesoglea layer in between
Triploblastic: – body wall 3 layered – ectoderm &
endoderm & mesoderm : eg – Platyhelminths
5. Coelom- A cavity between body wall & gut
wall by mesoderm
Acoelomates :- NO Coelom -Eg Platyhelminths
Pseudoceolomates :- body cavity not lined by mesoderm but
mesoderm is found in patches between ectoderm & endoderm - Eg
Aschelminths
Coelomate:- eg – Annelid , arthropods etc –having true Coelom
6. Segmentation
some animals, the body is externally and internally
divided into segments with a serial repetition of at
least some organs. For example, in earthworm, the
body shows this pattern called metameric
segmentation and the phenomenon is known as
metamerism.
Notochord – mesodermally derived rod-like structure
formed on the dorsal side during embryonic
development in some animals. Animals with
notochord are called chordates and those animals
which do not form this structure are called nonchordates, e.g., porifera to echinoderms.
7.
8. Phylum-Proifera
Commonly called as Sponges
Marine & asymmetrical
Prinitive multicellular with cellular level organization
Water transport/canal system present .Many small opening called ostia present on
body wall thro which water enters leading into a central body cavity – Spongocoel
that leads out through a single large opening called osculum
Food enters the body along with water the Ostia. Choanocytes /collar cells live the
spongocoal & canal in the body wall that trap the food & digest it within the
intracellular digestion
Body has a skeleton made uo of spicules / sponging fibres.
Hermaprodite
Reproduce internal and development is indirect having larved stage that is
different from adult
9.
10.
11. Phylum – Coelenterata (Cindaria)
Aquatic, mostly marine
Cessile or free – swimming
Radially symmetrical animals
The word ‘cindaria’ derived from the word ‘cnidoblasts’/ cnidocytes present on tentacles for
capturing prey & defense . It has stinging capsules or nematocytes
A central gastro-vascular cavity called coelenterons present that opens to outside through a
single opening – hypostome
Digestion is partly extracellular & partly intracellular
Some of them have skeletons made of CaCo3 eg – Coral
These have tissue-level og organization Polyp & Medusa
Poly is a sessile & cylindrical from like Hydra , Adamsia etc.
Medusa is like an umbrella, free swimming Aurelia ( Jelly fish)
Those having both stages show alternation generation is Metagenesis Polyp produce medusa by
asexually & medusa sexually produce ploy eg : Obelia
Eg (a) Physalia ( Portugese man of war)
(b) Adamsia ( Sea anemone)
(c) Meandrine ( Brain Cord)
14. Phylum – Ctenophora
Commonly called sea walnuts
Exclusively marine
Radially symmetrical
Diploblastic with tissue level organization
Body bear & external rows of ciliated plates that help in locomotion
Digestion – both extra & intracellular
Bioluminescence is seen in them
Sexes are not separate
Reproduction by sexual means
Fertilization is external with indirect development
Eg – Pleurobrachia and Ctenoplana.
15.
16.
17. Phylum – Platyhelminthes
They have dorso-ventrally flattened body, hence are called flatworms
Endoparasites found in animals including human beings
Bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and acoelomate animals with organ
level of organization
Hooks and suckers are present in the parasitic forms
Some of them absorb nutrients from the host directly through their body
surface
Flame cells help in osmoregulation and excretion
Sexes are not separate
Fertilisation is internal and development is through many larval stages
Some members like Planaria possess high regeneration capacity
Examples: Taenia (Tapeworm), Fasciola (Liver fluke).
18.
19.
20. Phylum – Aschelminthes
Body of the aschelminthes is circular in cross-section, hence, the name roundworms.
Free living, aquatic and terrestrial or parasitic in plants and animals
They have organ-system level of body organization
Bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and pseudocoelomate animals.
Alimentary canal is complete with a well developed muscular pharynx
Excretory tube removes body wastes from the body cavity through the excretory
pore.
Sexes are separated (dioecious), i.e., males and females are distinct.
Often females are longer than males
Fertilisation is internal and development may be direct (the young ones resemble the
adult) or indirect.
Examples: Ascaris (Round Worm), Wuchereria (Filaria worm), Ancylostoma
(Hookworm
21.
22.
23. Phylum – Annelida
Metamerically segmented animal –segments looking like ring-so called
Annelids
True coelomate present – partitioned segmentary by peritoneal
membranuse septa
Triploblastic
Bilateral symmetry
Organ -system
Body covered with cuticle secreted by ectoderm
They possess longitudinal and circular muscles
Setae – locomotion organ in lower side. In some setae present on lateral
appendages called Parapodia
Alimentary canal has mouth & anus at opposite with muscular pharynx,
oesophagus , stomach & intestine
24.
Excretory wastes called Casting
Closed circulatory system- a heart is seen with one dorsal & one ventral
blood vessel
Respiration – through skin found in moist condition
Nephridia help in osmoregulation and excretion
Nervous system – 2 cerebral ganglia with double ventral nerve coral
Sexes are separate except in leech & Earthworm – hermaphrodite
Larva is ochophore
Example :- (a) Pheretima (Earthworm)
(b) Hirudinaria (Blood sucking leech)
(c) Neries
(d) Aphrodite
25.
26.
27. Phylum- Arthropoda
This is the largest phylum of Animalia which includes insects
The body of arthropods is covered by chitinous exoskeleton
The body consists of head, thorax and abdomen.
Respiratory organs are gills, book gills, book lungs or tracheal system
Sensory organs like antennae, eyes (compound and simple), statocysts or
balance organs are present
Excretion takes place through malpighian tubules
Examples:- Apis (Honey bee)
Bombyx (Silkworm)
Laccifer (Lac insect)
Vectors – Anopheles, Culex and Aedes
28.
29.
30. Phylum – Mollusca
This is the second largest animal phylum
Triploblastic
Coelomate
Bilaterally symmetrical
Terrestrial / aquatic
Body surrounded by calcareous shell (expect slugs & octopus)
Internal shell – sepia
Body – unsegmented – 3 part – head & ventral muscular foot &
a dorsal Viseral hump. Skin over visceral humo form a mantle
that shell
Respiratory & excretory organs – gills present below mantle
31. Condt……..
Head has tentacles
Mouth has a fill like rasping organ called
Oviparous
Larva – trochoplate / vellger
Example :- Pila (Apple snail),
Pinctada (Pearl oyster),
Sepia (Cuttlefish),
Loligo (Squid),
Octopus (Devil fish)
32.
33.
34. Phylum – Echinodermata
Ectoderm bear spines
Marine
Triploblastic
Coelamata
Adults are radially symmetrical – Body part in 5 axes ( pentamerous
radial symmetry)
Larvae- Bilaterally symmetrical
Exoskeleto – calcareous having plate – like structure called ossicles
Mouth on lower side & anus an upper side
35. Condt……..
Water vascular system present – radiating tube like appendages called tube
feet- functions is locomotion , capturing food & respiration
A nerve ring oncircling the mouth from which 5 radical nerves begins supplying
each arm.
Sexes separate with 5 pair of sex organ, one pair in each arm
Fertilizations is usually external
Free -swimming larva.
Example :- Asterias (Star fish),
Echinus (Sea urchin),
Antedon (Sea lily)
Cucumaria (Sea cucumber)
Ophiura (Brittle star).
36.
37.
38. Phylum – Hemichordata
Earlier considered as a sub-phylum under phylum Chordata
Small group of worm-like marine animals
Organ -system level of organization
Body (a) Bilaterally symmetrical
(b) Triploblastic
(c) Coelomate
(d) Cylindrical
(e) Divided into 3- proboscis; collar & drunk
Circulatory system is of open type
Respiration takes place through gills
Excretory organ is proboscis gland
Sexes are separate
Fertilization is external.
Development is indirect.
Example :- Balanoglossus and Saccoglossus
39.
40.
41. Phylum – Chordata
Animals possessing notochord either thought life or during early embryonic life.
The notochord is stiff & flexible rod lying ventral to nerve
Triploblastic
Coelomate
Bilaterally symmetrical
Post anal tail
Closed circulatory system
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
Paired pharyngeal gill slite
3 sub phylum: - 1. Urochordata or Tunicata,
2. Cephalochordata and
3. Vertebrata.
42.
43. Vertebrata
Protochordata
All have notochord but it does not
from vertebrate column
All marine
Urochordata / Acrania
Notochord present in tail of larva
Example: - Ascidia , Salpa , Doleolum
Cephalochordata /Acrania
Notochord present from head to tail
region & throughout life
Example :- Branchiostoma –
Amphioxes
Notochord present during embryonic period &
replaced by vertebral column in adults
Vertebral column have many vertebrate around
notochord along with dorsal nerve cord
Ventral muscular heart with 2/3/4 chamber
Kidneys – excretion & osmoregulation
2 pairs of lateral appendages-fins / limbs divided in
2 divisions – based on presence of jaw
Agnatha – No jaws . eg class : cydostomatalamprey
Gnathostomata - Bear jaws – 2 super classes
Chendrichythes and Osteichthyes
45. Class – Cyctostomata
Eg – Lamprey [ petromyzen ] & hagfish [ myxine]
Parasite on fishes
Elongated body have 6-14 pair of gill slits for respiration
Sucking & circular mouth
No functional pineal eye
Single sex organ discharges gametes in coelomate
Cranium & vertebral column – cartilaginous
Persistent notochord
Heart surrounded by a cartilaginous capsule
Marine
Migrate into river for spawning
Ammocoete larva hatches out from eggs through metamorphosis that migrate into oceans
46. Class –
Chondrichthyes
Class – Osteichthyes
Marine fishes
Fresh / marine
Cartilaginous Endoskeleton
5 pairs of gills slits without gill
cover
Bony endoskeleton 7 pairs
of gill slits with gill cover –
operculum
No swim bladder
Swim bladder present
Mouth ventral
Mouth terminal
Viviparous fertilization internal
Some like ray fish have electric
organ, sting in sting ray
Oviparous fertilization
external
No such electric organ
present
48. Class – Amphibian
2 phases in life cycle – adult & larvae
Larva is aquatic & adult is terrestrial
Require water for breeding & fertilization is external
2 pairs of limbs
Body divided into head & trunk ; no neck present
Moist skin without scales
A tympanum replace the ear
Alimentary canal, urinary and reproductive tracts open into a common
chamber called cloaca which opens to the exterior
49. Condt……
Heart – 3 chambered , 2 auricles & 1ventecial
Cool blooded
Double occipital cardyle & 10 pair of cronical nerve
Respiration in taportes- gills ,adult – lungs & skin some breath thro gills in
adult stage too
Sexes separate
Eg :- toad
Frog
Salamander
Limbless amphibian
50.
51.
52. Class – Reptilian
Crawling animals
Body covered by dry , cornfied skin that contain epidermal scales/ scuter
Post and tail present
No external ear openings
2 pair of limbs with 5 digits in each
Cold blooded
They are 3 – chambered
Carnivorous
Snakes & lizard shed their scales as shin cast
Internal fertilization
Eg :- turtle ( chelna)
Lizard ( Hemidadyles )
53.
54. Class- Aves
Stream – lined body
Body has head , trunk , a pair of limbs
Body covered with feather
Forelimbs convert into feather
Bones – hollow
Warm blooded
4 – chambered heart
No teeth in beak
Alimentary canal has crop & gizzard
Sharp eyesight
Oil gland at the base of tail
Oviparous
Eg :- Crow
Parrot
Owl
55. Class – Mammalia
Found in a variety of habitats
Milk producing mammary glands
Skin has hair
External ear
Teeth are present
4 – chambered heart
Diaphragm divided body cavity in upper – chest and lower –chest
Eg :- Whale ( bulaenoptero) , Monkey ( macau) , Eques ( horse)