anaesthesia.Airway evaluation and management.(dr.ameer)
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The document provides an overview of airway anatomy, evaluation, and management techniques. It discusses the relevant anatomy, components of an airway exam, principles of mask ventilation and intubation. Key areas covered include the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, airway assessment process, common airway devices like oral/nasal airways and laryngeal mask airways, indications for intubation, potential complications, and differences between orotracheal and nasotracheal intubation.
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Airway anatomy its assessment and anaesthetic implication
The document discusses airway anatomy, including definitions of the airway and its subdivisions. It describes the structures of the upper airway from the oral cavity to the larynx in detail. This includes the muscles, cartilages, and functions of the oral cavity, nose, pharynx, larynx. It discusses the implications of airway anatomy for airway management and anesthesia, such as the need for humidification during intubation. Difficulties that can arise from various anatomical structures are also summarized, such as from deviations of the nasal septum or injuries to the turbinates during nasotracheal intubation.
Anatomy of airway
The document discusses the anatomy and functions of the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx and their importance for anesthesia. It describes how these structures warm, humidify and filter inspired air. It also discusses topics like obstructive sleep apnea, airway obstruction, laryngeal spasm and the risks associated with certain procedures. In summary, the nose, nasal cavity and pharynx play a crucial role in respiration by conditioning inhaled air before it reaches the lungs. An understanding of their anatomy is important for safe anesthesia administration and airway management.
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Difficult airway : Made easy
vital role
Pre-oxygenation: vital
Awake intubation: consider
Alternative airway: have ready
Senior help: call early
Cricothyrotomy: know how to do
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Don't panic, think and act
Document: vitally important
Prepare for worst
Train and practice regularly
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Anatomy of airway
The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the airway and tracheobronchial tree. It describes the structures of the upper airway including the nose, oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. It then discusses the lower airway structures including the trachea, main stem bronchi, lobar and segmental bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli. Key details are provided on the cartilage rings within the trachea and bronchi and their branching patterns within the lungs.
Fiberoptic intubation
1) The document discusses the history and techniques of fiberoptic intubation. It began with the first rigid bronchoscopy in 1897 and the development of the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope in 1966.
2) There are different modes of fiberoptic intubation including anesthetized oral, anesthetized nasal, awake oral, and awake nasal. Proper airway anesthesia and sedation techniques are important to prepare for awake fiberoptic intubation.
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Airway anatomy its assessment and anaesthetic implication
The document discusses airway anatomy, including definitions of the airway and its subdivisions. It describes the structures of the upper airway from the oral cavity to the larynx in detail. This includes the muscles, cartilages, and functions of the oral cavity, nose, pharynx, larynx. It discusses the implications of airway anatomy for airway management and anesthesia, such as the need for humidification during intubation. Difficulties that can arise from various anatomical structures are also summarized, such as from deviations of the nasal septum or injuries to the turbinates during nasotracheal intubation.
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The document discusses the anatomy and functions of the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx and their importance for anesthesia. It describes how these structures warm, humidify and filter inspired air. It also discusses topics like obstructive sleep apnea, airway obstruction, laryngeal spasm and the risks associated with certain procedures. In summary, the nose, nasal cavity and pharynx play a crucial role in respiration by conditioning inhaled air before it reaches the lungs. An understanding of their anatomy is important for safe anesthesia administration and airway management.
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The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the upper airway. It describes the components of the upper airway including the nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, and larynx. It then discusses the muscles responsible for airway patency and the consequences of loss of upper airway muscle tone. Finally, it covers causes of upper airway obstruction including functional, mechanical, and those that can occur in the peri-operative period.
Difficult airway : Made easy
vital role
Pre-oxygenation: vital
Awake intubation: consider
Alternative airway: have ready
Senior help: call early
Cricothyrotomy: know how to do
Postpone if not urgent
Don't panic, think and act
Document: vitally important
Prepare for worst
Train and practice regularly
Assessment of airway
This document provides an overview of airway assessment. It defines the airway and divides it into upper and lower sections. It discusses the need for airway intervention and importance of assessment. The four pillars of airway management are outlined. Essential components of assessment include history, physical examination, and specific tests. Individual indices like mouth opening and group indices like Wilson scoring are examined to predict difficult mask ventilation, laryngoscopy, and intubation. Radiological indices and specific anomalies affecting the airway are also reviewed.
Anatomy of airway
The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the airway and tracheobronchial tree. It describes the structures of the upper airway including the nose, oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. It then discusses the lower airway structures including the trachea, main stem bronchi, lobar and segmental bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli. Key details are provided on the cartilage rings within the trachea and bronchi and their branching patterns within the lungs.
Fiberoptic intubation
1) The document discusses the history and techniques of fiberoptic intubation. It began with the first rigid bronchoscopy in 1897 and the development of the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope in 1966.
2) There are different modes of fiberoptic intubation including anesthetized oral, anesthetized nasal, awake oral, and awake nasal. Proper airway anesthesia and sedation techniques are important to prepare for awake fiberoptic intubation.
3) The document reviews techniques for fiberoptic intubation including how to open the airway, use various airway devices, handle the bronchoscope, advance the scope, and pass the endotracheal tube. It emphasizes the importance of proper setup
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This document discusses difficult airways and methods for assessing airway difficulty. It begins by defining difficult airway and difficult mask ventilation. It then discusses factors that can predispose patients to difficult airways, such as obesity, beard, missing teeth, snoring, and certain medical conditions.
The document outlines several tests and scoring systems that can be used to assess airway difficulty, including the Mallampatti test, thyromental distance, neck mobility, and inter-incisor distance. It provides details on how to perform and interpret these assessment tests. Finally, it discusses several scoring systems like LEMON, Wilson's criteria, and Benumof's 11 parameters that can help predict difficult laryngoscopy.
Airway anatomy
1. Perform a thorough airway assessment to evaluate any anatomical variations or difficulties that may be encountered. This includes evaluating mouth opening, neck mobility, Mallampati score, and other tests.
2. Prepare all necessary airway equipment like laryngoscopes, endotracheal tubes, stylets, laryngeal mask airways etc and have them checked and ready to use.
3. Pre-oxygenate the patient with 100% oxygen for 3-5 minutes to denitrogenate the lungs.
4. Induce anesthesia and provide muscle relaxation while maintaining oxygenation with a facemask or other device.
5
Recent advances in airway management.
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Difficult airway
The document discusses the management of difficult airways. It defines difficult mask ventilation and difficult laryngoscopy/intubation. It describes various tests that can be used to assess a difficult airway, such as the Mallampati test, thyromental distance, sternomental distance, and neck mobility tests. Radiographic predictors of a difficult airway are also discussed, along with causes of difficult intubation related to patient anatomy and various medical conditions.
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This document discusses the anatomy and anesthetic implications of the upper airway, including the nose, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Key points include the vascular and sensitive nature of the nasal mucosa which can lead to bleeding, the importance of tongue position and mandible placement in maintaining an open airway, and how the collapsible soft tissues of the oropharynx make it particularly prone to obstruction. Proper understanding of upper airway anatomy is essential for airway management during anesthesia.
airway management
The document provides an overview of airway anatomy and management techniques. It describes the anatomy starting from the nose down to the trachea. It then discusses factors that can make the airway difficult and techniques for assessing the airway. It explains various airway management techniques including mask ventilation, use of airways, laryngoscopy, intubation, and alternative techniques like LMA and needle cricothyrotomy.
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Airway assessment is important for identifying patients at risk of a difficult airway. Several tests can be used including Mallampati scoring, mouth opening, neck mobility, and thyromental distance. A difficult airway is when facemask ventilation or intubation is not possible using conventional methods. It is important to prepare for difficult airway scenarios by having proper equipment and involving senior help. Identifying difficult airway risks pre-operatively allows time for planning alternative strategies to ensure patient safety.
Jet vent 2 8.2021.
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- Techniques called THRIVE and STRIVE-Hi that use HFNC to provide apneic oxygenation and tubeless anesthesia, extending the time available to secure an airway without risk of hypoxemia.
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This document discusses strategies for optimizing preoxygenation prior to endotracheal intubation. It notes that conventional preoxygenation techniques provide safe intubation for most ED patients but that a subset may still desaturate. To safely intubate this higher risk group, the document recommends optimizing preoxygenation through techniques like non-invasive ventilation, apneic oxygenation through nasal cannula, positioning patients in a head-up position, and breaking the sequence of rapid sequence intubation administration. The goal is to prevent deoxygenation and extend the safe apneic period for patients undergoing endotracheal intubation.
Airway assessment & Recognition of difficult airway
This document discusses airway assessment and recognition of compromised airways. It defines a difficult airway as one where ventilation cannot be maintained or intubation requires multiple attempts. A thorough history and physical exam including tests like Mallampati score help predict difficult airways to prepare appropriate management. Clinical signs of airway compromise include respiratory distress, cyanosis, or loss of protective reflexes. Active interventions may be needed for obstruction, aspiration risk, or respiratory failure. Proper airway assessment and management are important for patient safety during anesthesia.
Laryngeal mask-airway
The document discusses the history and use of laryngeal mask airways (LMA). It describes how Dr. Brain developed the first LMA prototype in 1981 as a supraglottic device that sits outside the trachea but provides an airway. Over time, different types of LMAs were developed including the classic LMA, ProSeal LMA, reinforced LMA, LMA-Unique, and Supreme LMA. The document outlines the features and proper insertion technique for each LMA and discusses their advantages, such as being less invasive than endotracheal tubes, as well as potential complications if not properly placed.
ASA Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway
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An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Management of the Difficult Airway
Anesthesiology 2013; 118(2):251-270
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This document discusses the history, techniques, and physiology of controlled hypotensive anesthesia. It began in 1917 to provide a bloodless surgical field for neurosurgery. Various techniques were developed over time using drugs like nitroprusside and anesthetics to safely lower blood pressure. Key aspects include carefully monitoring vital organ perfusion and using positioning, ventilation, and fluids to potentiate the effects while avoiding dangerous drops in blood flow to the brain, heart, kidneys and other organs.
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Extubation protocol in the OR and ICU
In critical care medicine the invasive life saving techniques are often employed and when all goes well such interventions will be withdrawn to all for normal physiology to resume. Identifying this point for safe withdrawal for the resumption of normal respiratory function is of utmost importance.
Low flow Anesthesia system
Low flow anaesthesia systems aim to reuse exhaled gases and minimize fresh gas flow. John Snow recognized in 1850 that most inhaled anaesthetics are exhaled unchanged, and rebreathing exhaled gases could prolong their effects. Developments over the 20th century led to widespread use of circle absorption systems. Factors like cost and pollution concerns have renewed interest in low flow anaesthesia. It requires a well-functioning circle system, gas monitoring, and attention to factors like circuit volume and gas solubility when initiating and maintaining the desired anaesthetic concentrations with minimal fresh gas flows.
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This document discusses the assessment and management of difficult airways. It defines a difficult airway as one where adequate ventilation cannot be achieved with a mask or oxygen saturation cannot be maintained above 90%. It notes the prevalence of difficult airways is about 1 in 10,000 cases in general surgery and 1 in 300 in obstetrics. Basic airway evaluation involves examining the patient's history, neck, face, jaw movement, and oropharynx. The document outlines causes of difficult intubation related to both the anesthesiologist and patient factors. It emphasizes the importance of advance planning, having backup equipment and senior support available when anticipating a difficult airway. Various airway devices and techniques are presented for managing both anticipated and
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Airway assessment
This document discusses difficult airways and methods for assessing airway difficulty. It begins by defining difficult airway and difficult mask ventilation. It then discusses factors that can predispose patients to difficult airways, such as obesity, beard, missing teeth, snoring, and certain medical conditions.
The document outlines several tests and scoring systems that can be used to assess airway difficulty, including the Mallampatti test, thyromental distance, neck mobility, and inter-incisor distance. It provides details on how to perform and interpret these assessment tests. Finally, it discusses several scoring systems like LEMON, Wilson's criteria, and Benumof's 11 parameters that can help predict difficult laryngoscopy.
Airway anatomy
1. Perform a thorough airway assessment to evaluate any anatomical variations or difficulties that may be encountered. This includes evaluating mouth opening, neck mobility, Mallampati score, and other tests.
2. Prepare all necessary airway equipment like laryngoscopes, endotracheal tubes, stylets, laryngeal mask airways etc and have them checked and ready to use.
3. Pre-oxygenate the patient with 100% oxygen for 3-5 minutes to denitrogenate the lungs.
4. Induce anesthesia and provide muscle relaxation while maintaining oxygenation with a facemask or other device.
5
Recent advances in airway management.
This document discusses recent advances in airway management. It covers new devices like videolaryngoscopes, supraglottic airway devices like LMAs, fiberoptic intubation, and mucosal atomization techniques. It emphasizes the importance of preoxygenation to buy time during difficult airways. New concepts like THRIVE and paroxygenation allow oxygenation without ventilation. While no single solution exists for difficult airways, appropriate assessment, new devices, guidelines, and skills maintenance have increased safety and reduced morbidity and mortality.
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The document discusses the management of difficult airways. It defines difficult mask ventilation and difficult laryngoscopy/intubation. It describes various tests that can be used to assess a difficult airway, such as the Mallampati test, thyromental distance, sternomental distance, and neck mobility tests. Radiographic predictors of a difficult airway are also discussed, along with causes of difficult intubation related to patient anatomy and various medical conditions.
Airway anatomy
This document discusses the anatomy and anesthetic implications of the upper airway, including the nose, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Key points include the vascular and sensitive nature of the nasal mucosa which can lead to bleeding, the importance of tongue position and mandible placement in maintaining an open airway, and how the collapsible soft tissues of the oropharynx make it particularly prone to obstruction. Proper understanding of upper airway anatomy is essential for airway management during anesthesia.
airway management
The document provides an overview of airway anatomy and management techniques. It describes the anatomy starting from the nose down to the trachea. It then discusses factors that can make the airway difficult and techniques for assessing the airway. It explains various airway management techniques including mask ventilation, use of airways, laryngoscopy, intubation, and alternative techniques like LMA and needle cricothyrotomy.
Airway assessment in anaesthesia
Airway assessment is important for identifying patients at risk of a difficult airway. Several tests can be used including Mallampati scoring, mouth opening, neck mobility, and thyromental distance. A difficult airway is when facemask ventilation or intubation is not possible using conventional methods. It is important to prepare for difficult airway scenarios by having proper equipment and involving senior help. Identifying difficult airway risks pre-operatively allows time for planning alternative strategies to ensure patient safety.
Jet vent 2 8.2021.
Jet ventilation is a form of mechanical ventilation that uses very high respiratory rates and small tidal volumes delivered via a jet of gas. It can be used supraglottically or subglottically for procedures involving the airway. Key indications are subglottic and tracheal stenosis. The jet ventilator provides active insufflation of gas while exhalation is passive. Gas exchange occurs via mechanisms like laminar flow and Taylor dispersion. Precautions must be taken to ensure adequate ventilation and monitoring of end-tidal CO2. Complications can include barotrauma, pneumothorax, or difficulty ventilating.
Thrive
This document discusses different oxygen therapy techniques including conventional oxygen therapy and high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy. It provides details on:
- How HFNC works by using an air/oxygen blender to deliver high flows of humidified oxygen at variable concentrations.
- The physiologic effects of HFNC including improved oxygen delivery to the alveoli and prevention of adverse effects from lack of humidification.
- Techniques called THRIVE and STRIVE-Hi that use HFNC to provide apneic oxygenation and tubeless anesthesia, extending the time available to secure an airway without risk of hypoxemia.
Caudal anesthesia
Caudal anesthesia involves needle penetration through the sacral hiatus into the sacral canal. In adults, the sacrum is a triangular bone formed from the fusion of five sacral vertebrae. It differs in neonates and infants due to delayed myelination and fusion of vertebrae. The sacral hiatus is wider in children, allowing easier identification and catheter insertion for caudal anesthesia. Regional techniques require lower approaches in pediatrics due to the lower termination of the spinal cord and dural sac.
Pre-oxygenation
This document discusses strategies for optimizing preoxygenation prior to endotracheal intubation. It notes that conventional preoxygenation techniques provide safe intubation for most ED patients but that a subset may still desaturate. To safely intubate this higher risk group, the document recommends optimizing preoxygenation through techniques like non-invasive ventilation, apneic oxygenation through nasal cannula, positioning patients in a head-up position, and breaking the sequence of rapid sequence intubation administration. The goal is to prevent deoxygenation and extend the safe apneic period for patients undergoing endotracheal intubation.
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This document discusses airway assessment and recognition of compromised airways. It defines a difficult airway as one where ventilation cannot be maintained or intubation requires multiple attempts. A thorough history and physical exam including tests like Mallampati score help predict difficult airways to prepare appropriate management. Clinical signs of airway compromise include respiratory distress, cyanosis, or loss of protective reflexes. Active interventions may be needed for obstruction, aspiration risk, or respiratory failure. Proper airway assessment and management are important for patient safety during anesthesia.
Laryngeal mask-airway
The document discusses the history and use of laryngeal mask airways (LMA). It describes how Dr. Brain developed the first LMA prototype in 1981 as a supraglottic device that sits outside the trachea but provides an airway. Over time, different types of LMAs were developed including the classic LMA, ProSeal LMA, reinforced LMA, LMA-Unique, and Supreme LMA. The document outlines the features and proper insertion technique for each LMA and discusses their advantages, such as being less invasive than endotracheal tubes, as well as potential complications if not properly placed.
ASA Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway
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An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Management of the Difficult Airway
Anesthesiology 2013; 118(2):251-270
Hypotensive anesthesia
This document discusses the history, techniques, and physiology of controlled hypotensive anesthesia. It began in 1917 to provide a bloodless surgical field for neurosurgery. Various techniques were developed over time using drugs like nitroprusside and anesthetics to safely lower blood pressure. Key aspects include carefully monitoring vital organ perfusion and using positioning, ventilation, and fluids to potentiate the effects while avoiding dangerous drops in blood flow to the brain, heart, kidneys and other organs.
Supraglottic airway device
This document discusses supraglottic airway devices. It begins by introducing supraglottic airway devices as those that maintain airway patency by sitting above the glottic opening. It then classifies devices based on generation, sealing mechanism, number of lumens, and discusses indications, contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages of supraglottic airway devices. Specific devices like LMA Classic, Flexible LMA, Ambu Aura, Soft Seal LMA, and Intubating LMA are then described in more detail. Problems associated with devices and techniques to reduce aspiration are also covered.
Extubation protocol in the OR and ICU
In critical care medicine the invasive life saving techniques are often employed and when all goes well such interventions will be withdrawn to all for normal physiology to resume. Identifying this point for safe withdrawal for the resumption of normal respiratory function is of utmost importance.
Low flow Anesthesia system
Low flow anaesthesia systems aim to reuse exhaled gases and minimize fresh gas flow. John Snow recognized in 1850 that most inhaled anaesthetics are exhaled unchanged, and rebreathing exhaled gases could prolong their effects. Developments over the 20th century led to widespread use of circle absorption systems. Factors like cost and pollution concerns have renewed interest in low flow anaesthesia. It requires a well-functioning circle system, gas monitoring, and attention to factors like circuit volume and gas solubility when initiating and maintaining the desired anaesthetic concentrations with minimal fresh gas flows.
Management of intraoperative bronchospasm
The document provides information on the management of intra-operative bronchospasm, including risk factors, triggers, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment approaches. Bronchospasm can be caused by airway irritation or anaphylaxis and presents with signs of wheezing, increased airway pressures, and falling oxygen saturation. Differential diagnoses must be ruled out. Management involves deepening anesthesia, administering bronchodilators, optimizing ventilation, and considering anaphylaxis or postponing surgery. A case example demonstrates treatment of bronchospasm potentially caused by succinylcholine-induced anaphylaxis.
Airway assessment and pedictors of difficult airway....must know for anaesthe...
This document discusses the importance of airway management expertise and outlines factors that can indicate a difficult airway. It notes that respiratory events are the second most common cause of injuries in anesthesia practice. Various anatomical measurements and assessments are described that can help predict a difficult airway, including Mallampati score, thyromental distance, neck mobility, and mandibular range of motion. Radiographic assessments like CT scans can also provide useful information. No single test is perfectly predictive, so anesthesiologists must always be prepared for an unanticipated difficult airway.
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This document discusses various airway management techniques including coughing, suctioning, artificial airways like oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal tubes, endotracheal tubes, tracheostomy tubes, and alternative devices like LMAs and Combitubes. It provides details on the components of an effective cough, phases of suctioning, indications for different airway techniques, proper procedures, potential hazards, and equipment required.
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This document discusses the assessment and management of difficult airways. It defines a difficult airway as one where adequate ventilation cannot be achieved with a mask or oxygen saturation cannot be maintained above 90%. It notes the prevalence of difficult airways is about 1 in 10,000 cases in general surgery and 1 in 300 in obstetrics. Basic airway evaluation involves examining the patient's history, neck, face, jaw movement, and oropharynx. The document outlines causes of difficult intubation related to both the anesthesiologist and patient factors. It emphasizes the importance of advance planning, having backup equipment and senior support available when anticipating a difficult airway. Various airway devices and techniques are presented for managing both anticipated and
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Vaporizers dr. anju bhalotra
This document defines key concepts related to vaporisers such as vapor, vapor pressure, boiling point, and defines a vaporiser as an instrument that facilitates the change of a liquid anaesthetic into a vapor and adds a controlled amount to gas flow. It discusses factors that affect vaporiser performance such as carrier gas composition, temperature, back pressure and flow rate. It also classified vaporisers based on methods of regulating concentration and vaporization, and location in the breathing system. Modifications to vaporisers to address issues related to back pressure are described.
App ped aw course1
This presentation provides an overview of pediatric airway management for advanced practice providers. It covers pediatric airway anatomy and physiology differences compared to adults. The course outline includes reviewing airway adjuncts, bag-valve mask ventilation, and orotracheal intubation with an emphasis on techniques. Skill stations are included to practice these skills using case examples. The objectives are to understand pediatric airway differences, initial airway maneuvers, use of airway adjuncts and bag-valve masks, and orotracheal intubation techniques including medication options for rapid sequence intubation.
ANES 1502 - M6 PPT: Airway Management and Supplies
This document discusses various airway management tools and supplies used in anesthesia including laryngoscope blades and handles, different types of endotracheal tubes, intubation equipment like video laryngoscopes and fiberoptic scopes, oral and nasal airways, laryngeal mask airways, cricothyroidotomy kits, and oxygen delivery devices like venturi masks and nasal cannulas. Proper selection and use of these airway tools and supplies are important for safely managing patients' airways during anesthesia procedures.
Difficults airway
This document discusses the management of difficult airways. It begins with definitions of difficult airway situations according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists. It then discusses the prevalence, causes, and basic airway evaluation including the "Lemon Law" assessment. Management plans for anticipated difficult airways including having alternative intubation techniques ("Plan B" and "C") are covered. A gallery of tools for difficult intubation including different laryngoscope blades, supraglottic airways, and fiberoptic intubation are presented. The document concludes with discussions on unexpected difficult airways, the ASA difficult airway algorithm, and emphasizes being prepared with alternative intubation methods.
Airway management in ED - an update
This document summarizes an expert presentation on updates in airway management. It reviews studies comparing direct laryngoscopy to video laryngoscopy, different paralytic agents for rapid sequence intubation, and challenges with gum elastic bougie intubation. It also discusses considerations for prehospital airway management and the potential role of ultrasound in airway assessment. The key takeaways are that video laryngoscopy may help with difficult airways but direct laryngoscopy also has utility, different video laryngoscope designs impact success rates, and ultrasound measurements may predict difficult emergency intubations.
Airway Management
This document provides information on airway management. It discusses anatomy of the airway and considerations for different patient populations like infants and pregnant patients. It describes techniques for assessing and securing the airway including basic maneuvers, airway adjuncts, bag-valve-mask ventilation, and advanced techniques like endotracheal intubation, laryngeal mask airway, combitube, and surgical airways like needle cricothyroidotomy and tracheostomy. Complications of inadequate airway management and securing the airway in difficult situations are also addressed.
2012 airway management
Here are 3 potential interventions for this scenario:
1. Place an appropriately sized oropharyngeal airway to help maintain an open airway and prevent obstruction. Monitor for signs of airway irritation or vomiting.
2. Use a bag-valve-mask to manually ventilate the patient with 100% oxygen while maintaining an open airway. Ensure proper mask seal and rate/volume of ventilation.
3. Consider placing a nasopharyngeal airway as an alternative to an oropharyngeal airway if the patient is at risk of vomiting. Monitor for signs of irritation, bleeding, or obstruction.
Airway management part 1
This document discusses airway management and ventilation for EMS professionals. It covers topics such as airway anatomy, causes of respiratory distress, methods of assessing the airway and ventilation, and basic life support airway management techniques including oxygen delivery devices. The objectives are to ensure optimal ventilation by delivering oxygen to the blood and removing carbon dioxide from the body.
Copy of vaporizers
Vaporizers are used to convert liquid anesthetic agents into vapor and add a controlled amount of this vapor to the fresh gas flow. The output concentration of a vaporizer can be regulated by adjusting the splitting ratio between the gas flowing through the vaporizing chamber and bypass chamber. Temperature compensation mechanisms like a bimetallic strip are used to maintain a constant output despite temperature fluctuations. Factors like gas flow rate, carrier gas composition, ambient pressure, and vaporizer design can influence the vaporizer's output concentration.
Anaesthesia machine 2014 spmc
This document provides information on different types of anesthesia machines and their components. It discusses intermittent gas flow machines such as the Entonox apparatus and continuous gas flow machines such as the Boyle machine. It describes the high pressure, intermediate pressure, and low pressure systems of anesthesia machines. It provides details on the components of gas cylinders including colors, sizes, and safety features like the pin index system. It also summarizes the key components of the pressure systems including hangers, regulators, filters and check valves.
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Emergency Airway Management 2014: Mark P. Brady PA-C
Emergency Airway Management 2014: Mark P. Brady PA-C
ANES 1502 - M6 PPT: Airway Management and Supplies
ANES 1502 - M6 PPT: Airway Management and Supplies
Similar to anaesthesia.Airway evaluation and management.(dr.ameer)
anaesthesia.Airway evaluation and management 1.(dr.amr)
This document provides an overview of airway anatomy and management. It reviews the relevant anatomy from the nose to the bronchi, including the pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchial tree. It describes the cartilages, ligaments and muscles of the larynx. It also discusses tracheal intubation as a key technique for airway management and maintaining an open airway.
3 anatomy & physiology of esophagus
The document provides an overview of anatomy and physiology of the esophagus, trachea, and neck masses. It describes the structure and function of the esophagus, trachea, and neck anatomy. Diagnostic tests and procedures for evaluating neck masses such as barium X-ray, endoscopy, and biopsy are discussed. Common causes, diagnostic steps, and imaging techniques for neck masses are also summarized.
E.N.T.Anatomy and physiology of larynx.(dr.usif chalabe)
The document provides a detailed overview of the anatomy and physiology of the larynx:
1. The larynx contains cartilages like the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottic cartilages which form a framework connected by ligaments and lined by mucous membrane.
2. It has intrinsic and extrinsic muscles that control functions like phonation, respiration, and swallowing to protect the airway.
3. The larynx has false vocal cords, true vocal cords, and regions like the vestibule, ventricle, and subglottic space that divide its interior cavity.
4. The larynx is supplied by nerves like the superior and recurrent laryngeal
Anatomy of the Larynx.pptx
The larynx is located in the neck above the trachea. It has 9 cartilages that form its framework, including the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages. The larynx is divided into 3 regions: supraglottis, glottis, and subglottis. The vocal cords within the glottis allow for phonation. Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles control the larynx, innervated by branches of the vagus nerve. The larynx is supplied by the superior and inferior laryngeal arteries and drained by laryngeal veins. Diseases that can affect the larynx include laryngomalacia, laryngeal webs, laryngeal cancer, and lary
E.N.T 5th year, 1st lecture (Dr. Hiwa)
The larynx is located in the midline of the neck between the third and sixth cervical vertebrae. It consists of a framework of cartilages connected by ligaments and lined with mucous membrane. The main cartilages are the thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis, and paired arytenoid and corniculate cartilages. The larynx contains intrinsic muscles that control vocal fold movement and tension for phonation and airway protection. It receives blood supply from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries and innervation from the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves of the vagus nerve. Lymphatic drainage divides the larynx into supraglottic and subglottic regions.
Anatomy of human ear
The ear is divided into three parts - external, middle, and inner ear. The external ear includes the auricle and external auditory canal. The middle ear, or tympanic cavity, contains the three ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) and two small muscles (tensor tympani and stapedius). It is separated from the inner ear by the oval and round windows. The complex anatomy of the middle ear, including its walls, spaces, folds, and vascular and neural supply, allow it to efficiently transmit sound vibrations from the outer to inner ear.
Larynx.ppt
anatomy of larynx, including the spaces associated with larynx the muscles and the paired unpaired cartilages, the attachment of the muscles and the associated functions . true and false vocal cords and the clinical pathology associated with larynx . the blood supply, nerve supply and the lymphatic drainage of the larynx
anatomyphysiologyoflarynx-190425111828.pdf
This document provides an overview of the anatomy of the larynx. It describes the skeletal framework including cartilages like the thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis and arytenoid cartilages. It outlines the joints, ligaments, muscles, interior spaces and divisions of the larynx. Key structures are the true and false vocal cords that make up the glottis. The document also briefly discusses the blood supply, nerve supply and functions of the larynx such as phonation and swallowing.
Anatomy & physiology of larynx
This document provides an overview of the anatomy of the larynx. It describes the skeletal framework including cartilages like the thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis and arytenoid cartilages. It outlines the joints, ligaments, muscles, interior spaces and divisions of the larynx. Key structures are the true and false vocal cords that make up the glottis. The document also briefly discusses the physiology, functions, blood supply and development of the larynx.
BOYUN ANATOMİSİ (fazlası için www.tipfakultesi.org)
The document describes the muscles, fascia, cartilages, nerves and vasculature of the neck. It identifies the neck muscles and their actions, the layers of deep cervical fascia and their relationships. It also describes the cartilages of the larynx, the muscles that control them and the role of each muscle in controlling the rima glottidis. It traces the courses of nerves in the neck, including the cervical and brachial plexuses, and outlines the arterial blood flow and venous drainage pathways.
Larynx
The larynx is located in the anterior midline of the upper neck. It contains 9 cartilages including the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages. The larynx functions in phonation, respiration, protection of the airway, and deglutition. During phonation, the vocal folds within the larynx vibrate, controlled by intrinsic laryngeal muscles. The larynx contains two pairs of folds - the vestibular folds and true vocal folds located within the rima glottidis.
Anatomy of the larynx by arijit
The document discusses the anatomy and embryology of the larynx. It describes the larynx as the voice box located in the neck, extending from the laryngeal inlet to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage. The larynx contains cartilages like the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages which form its framework, along with membranes, ligaments, and intrinsic muscles. The larynx has three parts - the vestibule, ventricle, and subglottic space. It discusses the differences between the infantile and adult larynx. The document also summarizes the origins, insertions and actions of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles that control movements of the vocal cords.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological anatomy of the larynx and trachea.
The document provides a detailed summary of the radiological anatomy of the larynx and trachea. It describes the location and functions of the larynx. It then discusses the cartilages that make up the larynx, including the cricoid, thyroid, epiglottis, arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform cartilages. It also describes the ligaments, cavities, muscles and bronchial anatomy of the larynx and trachea in under 3 sentences.
shalinippt.pptx
The document provides details on the anatomy of the larynx. It discusses the location and structure of the larynx, including the nine cartilages that form its framework, the ligaments that connect the cartilages, and the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. It describes the three parts of the laryngeal cavity, and covers the nerve and blood supply of the larynx. Key points covered include that the larynx functions in breathing, sound production, and protecting the lungs, and that the narrowest part is the rima glottidis in adults and the cricoid cartilage in children.
Anatomy of larynx
The document provides information on the anatomy and embryology of the larynx. It discusses the following key points:
- The larynx protects the airway, allows phonation, and generates high intrathoracic pressure. It develops from the foregut and splanchnic mesoderm in embryos.
- The framework includes cartilages like the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages which form joints like the cricothyroid joint.
- Muscles like the thyrohyoid and laryngeal muscles attach to structures like the thyroid cartilage, hyoid bone, and vocal folds and control phonation and airway protection.
- The larynx matures
ANATOMY OF LARYNX.pptx
The document provides information on the anatomy and embryology of the larynx. It discusses how the larynx develops from the foregut and branchial arches during embryonic development. It describes the cartilage structures that make up the framework of the larynx, including the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages. It also discusses the joints and muscles that allow movement of the vocal folds and protection of the airway.
Anatomy of the Respiratory system.pptx
The respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. The trachea branches within the lungs forming the bronchial tree which terminates in alveoli where gas exchange takes place. The nasal cavity and pharynx form the upper respiratory tract while the larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs form the lower respiratory tract. The respiratory system's functions include gas exchange and producing voice.
Sella Suprasellar Anatomy.pptx
This document provides an overview of the anatomy of the sella and suprasellar region. It describes the sella turcica as a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland. The nasal cavity and sphenoid bone form the boundaries around the sella. The pituitary gland sits within the sella and has anterior and posterior lobes that serve different endocrine functions. Several cranial nerves pass through the suprasellar region above the sella, including the optic nerves and oculomotor nerve. Major vascular structures like the carotid arteries also have relationships within the sella and suprasellar anatomy.
Respiratory anatomy with anaesthetic implications and applied radiology
The respiratory tract can be divided into the upper and lower respiratory tract. The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, pharynx and larynx. The nose functions in respiration, olfaction, humidification and filtration of air. The pharynx is the common passage for air and food and has important defense mechanisms against pathogens. The larynx contains vocal cords and is the entrance to the trachea. The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi and lungs. The trachea branches into right and left mainstem bronchi which further divide to supply each bronchopulmonary segment of the lung. Anatomy and functions of the respiratory tract are important considerations for anesthesia and airway management.
ANATOMY OF EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL
The external auditory canal is a bony-cartilaginous canal that extends from the auricle to the tympanic membrane. It has both cartilaginous and bony segments, with the cartilaginous segment forming the lateral one-third and the bony segment forming the medial two-thirds. The skin of the canal contains glands and hair follicles. The canal receives its blood supply from branches of the external carotid artery and its nerve supply from the trigeminal, facial, and vagus nerves. It has an average length of 2.4 cm and guides sound waves from the external environment to the tympanic membrane.
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BOYUN ANATOMİSİ (fazlası için www.tipfakultesi.org)
BOYUN ANATOMİSİ (fazlası için www.tipfakultesi.org)
Presentation1.pptx, radiological anatomy of the larynx and trachea.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological anatomy of the larynx and trachea.
Respiratory anatomy with anaesthetic implications and applied radiology
Respiratory anatomy with anaesthetic implications and applied radiology
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2) Key recommended vaccines include hepatitis B, DTaP, polio, influenza, varicella, MMR, and Hib. The schedules provide the ages for routine administration, number of doses, minimum intervals between doses, and other guidance.
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Assessment examination
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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمAph
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anaestheisa
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medicine.Poisoningbyspecificdrugs.(dr.shaikhani)
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Sattamatka.satta.matka.satta matka.kalyan weekly chart.kalyan chart.kalyan jodi chart.kalyan penal chart.kalyan today.kalyan open.fix satta.fix fix fix Satta matka nambarTop 10 Free Accounting and Bookkeeping Apps for Small Businesses
Maintaining a proper record of your money is important for any business whether it is small or large. It helps you stay one step ahead in the financial race and be aware of your earnings and any tax obligations.
However, managing finances without an entire accounting staff can be challenging for small businesses.
Accounting apps can help with that! They resemble your private money manager.
They organize all of your transactions automatically as soon as you link them to your corporate bank account. Additionally, they are compatible with your phone, allowing you to monitor your finances from anywhere. Cool, right?
Thus, we’ll be looking at several fantastic accounting apps in this blog that will help you develop your business and save time.
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The latest Heat Pump Manual from Newentide
𝐔𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐢𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐮𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐄𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐲 𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐍𝐄𝐖𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐃𝐄’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬
Explore the details in our newly released product manual, which showcases NEWNTIDE's advanced heat pump technologies. Delve into our energy-efficient and eco-friendly solutions tailored for diverse global markets.
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anaesthesia.Airway evaluation and management.(dr.ameer)
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