This document discusses characteristics of child development for ages 5-8 years old and provides suggestions for creating didactic materials to teach young children. It describes that children at this age show increasing curiosity about the world, interest in academics like numbers and letters, and confidence in physical skills. Suggestions are made to encourage activities that involve physical activity, exploration, a balance of individual and group work, and use of both small and large motor skills. Examples of didactic materials provided include balloons to teach colors and moods, a poster with numbers and objects to teach quantities, hand gestures to teach family members, and cut-and-paste body parts activities.

1. LANGUAGES SCHOOL
NAMES: Jazmín Medina
Jessica Jua
Marcia Lema
COURSE: 4th ‘‘A’’
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO
SCIENCE OF EDUCATION, HUMAN AND TECHNOLOGIES FACULTY

2. EARLY CHILDHOOD FROM 5 TO 8
YEARS OLD.
Children increase
curiosity about people
and how the world works,
show an increasing
interest in numbers,
letters, reading and
writing, gain more
confidence in physical
skills, use words to
express feeling and to
cope, like grown-up
activities, become more
outgoing, play in
cooperative way.

3. CHARACTERISTICSOF
DEVELOPMENT
PHYSICAL
SOCIAL
EMOTIONAL
INTELLECTU
AL

4. Growing
slowly
• Running, moving,
playing games,
cutting with
scissors, painting,
pasting, brushing,
and assembling.
Learning to
master
physical skills.
• Fingers and hands
like tying their shoes
putting small items
together, taking,
writing.
Use small and
large muscle
activities.
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

5. Learning how to be friends
May have a lot of friends one day
Empathy towards others.
• Allow youth to imagine clearly what
other people think and feel.
Boys and girls may enjoy playing
together.
SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS

6. Self – centered
Seeking approval from adults
Avoids punishment
Sensitive to criticism; don’t like failure
EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

7. Concrete thinkers
• They based
their
thinking in
reality
More interested in
doing things than
the end result
• It’s okay for 5-
to 8-year-olds
to only work
on a project
rather than
complete it.
Are easily motivated
and eager to try
something
new.
• Provide a variety
of short and
specific learning
activities
involving
concrete
concepts.
Are naturally curious
and want to make
sense of their world.

8.  Activities that encourage physical activity: Learn best if physically active. For
example, activities such as: running, moving, playing games, cutting with scissors,
painting, pasting, brushing, and assembling.
Kids in this age group are rapidly becoming more independent. Respect this and start
encouraging alone time. The child will also begin having more of a social life at this
age.

9.  Allow for exploration and spontaneity in activities: Are naturally curious and
want to make sense of their world. For example: the teacher teaches children out
of classroom such as: show plants to the students or to sow plants with the
teacher.
 A balance of activities: Are learning how to be friends. May have several “best
friends.”. For example: which can be done alone or in small groups that allow for
individual attention.
 Use small and large muscle activities. Are learning how to use their bodies by
mastering physical skills. For example: using the fingers or saying the parts of
bodie.

10. HOW TO MAKE DIDATIC
MATERIAL FOR TEACHING
CHILDREN AT EARLY CHILDHOOD

11. SHOWING BALLOONS OF DIFFERENTS
COLORS. THESE ARE USEFUL FOR
TEACHING COLORS.

12. ALSO WITH EACH BALLOON WE CAN
TEACH ABOUT STATES OF MOOD, BY
DRAWING IN EACH BALLOON A FACE.

13. TO BUILD A POSTER WITH THE NUMBERS FROM 1-10 WRITTEN INTO A COLUMN. AFTER
THAT COLOCATE LITTLE PIECES OF PAPER IN FRONT OF THE NUMBER FOR EXPRESSING
EACH QUANTITY. THE PAPERS CAN BE FLOWERS, ANIMALS, SHAPES, SO ON. IT
DEPENDS ON WHAT YOU WANT TO TEACH AS EXTRA.
NUMBERS SHAPES
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

14. TO TEACH THE MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY BY MAKING THEM TO
WATCH A VIDEO OR LISTENING TO MUSIC RELATED TO IT AND
BY SHOWING CHILDREN OUR HAND WITH THE DIFFERENT
MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY. IF WE DON’T HAVE FACES OF THE
FAMILY WE CAN DRAW THEM ON OUR FINGERS.

15. TO TEACH THE PARTSOF THE BODY:
FIRST WE CAN PRESENT A VIDEO OR
A SONG ABOUT IT AND MAKE THEM TO
PRACTICE.

16. MAKE EACH STUDENT TO WRITE TWO
OR THREE PARTS OF THE BODY THAT
THEY REMEMBER WHEN LISTENED THE
SONG OR VIDEO.
H E A D
A R M
L E G

17. ONCE THEY WROTE, THEY HAVE TO
CUT AND STICK EACH PART INTO A
PARTNER BODY BY TAKING INTO
ACCOUNT THE RIGHT PLACE.

18. GIVE THEM A SHEET OF WORK WHERE THEY CAN
WRITE AND LABEL EACH PART OF THE BODY ONCE
THEY HAVE PRACTICED THE PARTS OF THE BODY.