The document discusses the Industrial Revolution, which began in England in the late 18th century. Key developments included inventions like the spinning jenny and power loom that mechanized the textile industry. The revolution spread from England to Europe and North America, transforming economies from manual labor to machine production. While factories boosted output, they also flooded markets and hurt small Indian industries. Overall, the Industrial Revolution had both benefits like meeting growing needs and relieving drudgery, and drawbacks like disrupting local economies.

1. CLASS X HISTORY
THE AGE OF
INDUSTRIALISATION

2. THE AGE OF
INDUSTRIALISATION
“ NECESSITY IS THE MOTHER
OF INVENTION ’’ - PROVERB

3. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
STARTED FIRST OF ALL IN
ENGLAND
• The industrialization revolution began in the later
half of the 18 century as favorable conditions for
such a development were present there.
• Men like Walpole , who was a great
economist ,encouraged the foreign trade which
brought more and more wealth to England.

4. • The period of time
covered by the Industrial
Revolution varies with
different historians.
Eric Horsham held that it
'broke out' in the 1780s
and was not fully felt until
the 1830s or 1840s,[4]
while T. S. Ashton held
that it occurred roughly
between 1760 and 1830.
[5]

5. • Some twentieth century historians such as
John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts have
argued that the process of economic and
social change took place gradually and
the term revolution is not a true description
of what took place. This is still a subject of
debate amongst historians

6. • England had developed a large shipping
industry which solved their problem of
transporting things to distant lands.
• The people of England , who were quite
enterprising and energetic ,also deserved
for credit , for they worked hard and were
ready to take risks.

7. INVENTIONS PERTAINING TOINVENTIONS PERTAINING TO
TEXTILE INDUSTRYTEXTILE INDUSTRY
 HARGREAVES INVENTED THE SPINNINGHARGREAVES INVENTED THE SPINNING
JENNY IN 1764 A.D. WHICH SPEEDE UP THEJENNY IN 1764 A.D. WHICH SPEEDE UP THE
SPINNING WORK.SPINNING WORK.
 A LITTLE LATER JOHN KEY INVENTED THEA LITTLE LATER JOHN KEY INVENTED THE
FLYING SHUTTLE WHICH SPEEDEDFLYING SHUTTLE WHICH SPEEDED
WEAVING.WEAVING.
 IN 1769A.D. ARKWRIGHT IMPROVEDIN 1769A.D. ARKWRIGHT IMPROVED
HARGREAVES INVENTION AND ADOPTED ITHARGREAVES INVENTION AND ADOPTED IT
IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT COULD RUN IN BYIN SUCH A WAY THAT IT COULD RUN IN BY
WATER POWER.WATER POWER.

8. SOME TIME LATER IN 1776 A.D
CROMPTON INVENTED A NEW
MACHINE CALLED THE MULEWHICH
COMBINED THE ADVANTAGES OF
BOTH THE MACHINESINVENTED BY
HARGREAVES AND AWKRIGHT.
In 1785 AD CARTWRIGHT INVENTED
‘POWERLOOM’ WHICH IS USED STEAM
POWERFOR SPINNIG AND WEAVING.

9. INDUSTRIALISATION WASINDUSTRIALISATION WAS
A NATURAL STEP INA NATURAL STEP IN
MAPS PROGRESSMAPS PROGRESS
 TheThe Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution was a period in thewas a period in the
late 18th and early 19th centuries when majorlate 18th and early 19th centuries when major
changes in agriculture, manufacturing, andchanges in agriculture, manufacturing, and
transportation had a profound effect ontransportation had a profound effect on
socioeconomicsocioeconomic and cultural conditions inand cultural conditions in
Britain and subsequently spread throughoutBritain and subsequently spread throughout
 Europe and North America and eventually theEurope and North America and eventually the
world, a process that continues asworld, a process that continues as
industrialisation.industrialisation.

10. • The onset of the Industrial RevolutionThe onset of the Industrial Revolution
marked a major turning point in humanmarked a major turning point in human
social history, comparable to thesocial history, comparable to the
invention of farming or the rise of the firstinvention of farming or the rise of the first
city-states; almost every aspect of dailycity-states; almost every aspect of daily
life and human society was eventuallylife and human society was eventually
influenced in some way.influenced in some way.
• In the later part of the 1700s the manualIn the later part of the 1700s the manual
labour-based economy of the Kingdom oflabour-based economy of the Kingdom of
Great Britain began to be replaced byGreat Britain began to be replaced by
one dominated by industry and theone dominated by industry and the
manufacture of machinery.manufacture of machinery.

11. It started with the mechanization of
the textile industries, the development
of iron-making techniques and the
increased use of refined coal.
Trade expansion was enabled by the
introduction of canals, improved
roads and railways.

12. SOME INDIAN ENTREPRENEURS OF
19th CENTURY
 JAMSHETJEE TATA
 T.V SUNDARAM
 G.D . BIRLA
 DWARAKHNATH
TAGORE

13. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ININDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN
ENGLAND AFFECT INDIA’SENGLAND AFFECT INDIA’S
ECONOMYECONOMY
►BEFORE THE INDUSTRIALBEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION , INDIA WAS A MAJORREVOLUTION , INDIA WAS A MAJOR
PRODUCER OF COTTON WOOLLENPRODUCER OF COTTON WOOLLEN
AND SILKEN CLOTH , INDIGO ANDAND SILKEN CLOTH , INDIGO AND
SPICES ETC.BUT NOW SHESPICES ETC.BUT NOW SHE
SUFFERRED A SEVERESETBACK INSUFFERRED A SEVERESETBACK IN
THESE SPHERES .THESE SPHERES .

14.  THE INDUSTRILA REVOLUTION ENABLEDTHE INDUSTRILA REVOLUTION ENABLED
ENGLAND TO PRODUCEMORE AND MOREENGLAND TO PRODUCEMORE AND MORE
GOODS AQT CHEAPER RATES , FOR WHICHGOODS AQT CHEAPER RATES , FOR WHICH
THEY NEEDED VAST MARKETS. AS SUCH THETHEY NEEDED VAST MARKETS. AS SUCH THE
INDIAN MARKETS WERE FLOODED BY THEINDIAN MARKETS WERE FLOODED BY THE
MACHINE – MADE GOODS FROM ENGLAND .MACHINE – MADE GOODS FROM ENGLAND .
 VERY SOON , THEINDIAN KARKHANASVERY SOON , THEINDIAN KARKHANAS
 OR THE SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY BECAMEOR THE SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY BECAME
IDLE.IDLE.

15. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION WAS
A MIXED BLESSING
• PRODUCTION BY MACHINES HAQS
MET THE GROWING NEED OF
GROWING POPULATION
• ONLY MACHINES HAVE MADE IT
POSSIBLE FOR THE MANKIND TO
MEET THE PRIMARY NECESSTIES OF
FOOD , CLOTH AND SHELTER.

16. • MACHINES HAVE REVIELED MAN OF
DRUDGERY OF TIRING AND
UNPLEASENT JOBS .
• MACHINES HAVE BROUGHT MORE
LEISURE WHICH IN TURN HAS BEEN
UTILIZED FOR THE PROMOTION OF
ARTS AND LEISURE.

17. • MACHINES HAVE MADE LIFE QUITE EASY
AND COMFORTABLE . NEW INVENTIONS
HAVE BROUGHT NEW INVENTIONS ,JOYS
AND HAS ADDED PLEASURE TO OUR LIFE.
• DEVELOPMENT IN THE MEANS OF
TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION HAS
DEVELOPED TRADE AND THUS BROUGHT
ALL THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD
NEARER TO EACH OTHER.

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