1. Industrial Revolution,
Arts and Crafts,
Victorian era.
By:
Lesley, Hubert and Gillian

2. Time frame
• industrial revolution 1750 -1850
• arts and crafts 1860 to 1910
• victorian era 1837 to 1901

3. •
Geography kingdom ( 1865 – 1913
industrial revolution, it began in the united
us worlds leading industrial nation)
• arts and crafts movement, developed first and mostly in the british
isles
• victorian era, began in britain

4. Industrial revolution...
Rise in
industrial
production
LAISSEZ
FAIR “the
world
turned
black”

5. society
• society
• Before the Industrial Revolution all work was done by hand, and
now it is mainly done by machines. Also when the industrial
revolution came, the style of livinng for everyone changed creating
other classes other than 'Rich' and 'Poor' hence the 'Middle class'
which the majority of the English and American population is.
• Before the industrial revolution 80% of people earned income from
the land. 4/5ths of the population lived in rural areas, leasing land
from aristocrats and the wealthy and farming agriculture. Families
would produce mainly what they needed to survive. IR brought
about social, economical and cultural changes.

6. Agricultural revolution
• Enclosure movement (no more open-fiend)
• Experimental phase

7. Jethro Tull
(1674 – 1741)
• Seed Drill
• Horse Shoe

8. Demographic revolution

9. Social impact
•Urbanization and • Cities
over crowding Poluted
•Disease
• Lack of
sanitation
• Homeless
• Religious tension

10. Child Labour

11. economy
• industrial revolution,
• the basic income during the period increased ten
times and the population increase 6 times in the two
centuaries that followed the 1800s.
• "For the first time in history, the living standards of the
masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo
sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this
economic behavior has happened before". Robert E.
Lucas, Jr, nobel prise winner.
• a transition in parts of great britains previosuly manual
labour and animal based economy towards mine based
manufacturing, in the later part of the 18th century.

12. Sectors of economy that grew
dramatically during this period and
had significant technological
• Textile Industry
advances:
• Introduction of steam power
• Iron and steel
• Railway
• Coal mining

13. Inventions ...
Steam Engine
VS
James Watt's Improved Steam Engine
James Watt was sent a Newcomen steam engine to repair
that led him to invented improvements for steam engines.
• Thoman Newcomen •James Watt
(1736 - 1800)
(1663 – 1729)

14. ... More inventions
• 1712 Illustration of Thomas
Newcomen's Steam Engine
• In 1712, Thomas Newcomen together
with John Calley built their first steam
engine.
Flying Shuttle, Automation of
Textile Making & The Industrial
Revolution

15. Increased Yarn and Thread Production During
Industrial Revolution The spinning jenny used
eight spindles of instead of the one found on
spinning wheels.
In 1764, a British carpenter and weaver named
James Hargreaves invented an improved spinning
jenny,
Spinning Frame or Water Frame
Richard Arkwright patented the spinning frame
or water frame that could produce stronger
threads for yarns

16. Spinning Mule Increased Variety in Threads and yarn
In 1779, Samuel Crompton invented the
spinning mule that combined the moving
carriage of the spinning jenny with the rollers
of the water frame
Power Loom's Effect on the Women of
the Industrial Revolution
The power loom was a steam-powered,
mechanically-operated version of a
regular loom. A loom is a device that
combined threads to make cloth.

17. Practical Sewing Machines & Ready Made Clothing
After the sewing machine was invented, the ready-made
clothing industry took off. Before sewing machines, nearly all
clothing was local and hand-sewn.
• The telegraph was invented in 1848
•Laying of the 1st ocean cable in 1864

18. transport

19. The introduction to Arts and Craft
movement
• REBELLION against age of mass production
• Return to TRADITIONAL craft methods and
‘romantic forms of decor’
• Products manufactured by individuals and
small groups
• “ATTACKING INDUSTRIAL AGE”
• Floral, wavy, leaf-like designs
• Believed IR made man less creative

21. •
William Morrisyou do not
“ Have nothing in your house that
know to be useful or believe to be beautiful”

22. architecture
• 1860-1941 serveral
• Jacobethan(1830-1870)
• The mixed national Renaissance Revivals style that was
made popular in England form the late 1820.
• .Elisabethan (Gothic)
• .Jacobean(Classic)

23. • Renaissance Revival (1840-1890).

24. • Neo-Grec (1845-1865).

25. • Romanesque revival
•Second Empire

26. ART
• 1750 – 1820 Neoclassicism

27. • 1800 – 1850 Romanticism

28. • 1845 – 1900 Realism

29. • 1850 – 1900 Pre- Raphaelite

30. food

31. Clothing
1810 189 1885 1890 1902

33. jewellery
Industrial revolution
1714 – 1837 GEORGIAN JEWELLERY
1837 – 1855 EARLY VICTORIAN , ROMANTIC JEWELLERY

34. 1865 – 1880 MID VICTORIAN, GRAND JEWELLERY
1885 – 1900 LATE VICTORIAN , AESTHETIC JEWELLERY

36. Arts and craft jewellery

37. Typically Victorian jewellery
The Jewelry industry benefited from mass production techniques. Machines were developed to make stamping whole pieces of jewelry from
thin sheets of metal.
•First applied commercially in the 1840’s, electroplating for jewelry was introduced.
•With the introduction of faux stones (paste) and mass production making jewelry that imitated the pieces worn by the wealthy, people of all
classes were now able to afford jewelry.
•Queen Victoria loved jewelry and this harkened in the age of sentiment.
•She brought the Cameo back in style as well as romantic jewelry, containing a lock of a loved ones hair. It was not considered unnatural for
Victoria to wear a bracelet made from her children’s baby teeth.

38. • Meggs’ history of graphic design , fourth edition
• http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/innovations.html
• http://www.google.co.za/search?q=demographic+chart+of+the+industrial+revolut
ion+in+england&hl=en&psj=1&bav=on.2%2Cor.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&biw=1280&bih=60
5&wrapid=tlif134495371909810&um=1&tbm=isch&tab=wi&gs_l=img.3...8818.262
48.0.26586.46.43.0.2.2.0.829.9277.11j15j4j2j3j5j1.41.0...0.0...1c.mKUcmuce0t0&o
q=demographic+chart+of+the+industrial+revolution+in+england
• http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/impact.html
• http://www.google.co.za/search?q=transport+of+the+industrial+revolution&num=
10&hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&biw=1280&bih=605&gs_l=img.3...2233.17866.0
.18610.26.8.0.18.0.0.759.3806.0j2j4-
1j4j1.8.0...0.0...1ac.tcfxEjwitvI&nfpr=&spell=1&oq=transport+of+the+industrial+re
volution
• http://www.curbly.com/users/badbadivy/posts/989-in-the-arts-and-crafts-style
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_jewelry
• http://www.oldandsold.com/articles08/costume-13.shtml
http://www.artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/
graphic_designers/william_morris/william_mo
rris.html

39. • http://www.curbly.com/users/badbadivy/posts/989-in-the-arts-and-crafts-
style
• http://www.clemson.edu/caah/history/FacultyPages/PamMack/lec122/amtran
.htm
• http://cuwhist.wordpress.com/worldviews-hist-103/industrial-revolution/
• http://www.electricscotland.com/history/men/james_watt.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Smith
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newcomen_steam_engine
• http://gds.parkland.edu/gds/!lectures/history/1850/arts_crafts.html
• http://www.hugedomains.com/domain_profile.cfm?d=twohistory&e=com
• http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/impact.html
• http://www.memo.fr/en/article.aspx?ID=CON_IND_001
• http://www.artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/graphic_designers/william_morr
is/william_morris.html
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_jewelry
http://images.google.com/search?num=10&hl=en&site=&tbm=isch&biw=1280&bi
h=605&gs_l=img.3...236.29575.0.30147.75.14.0.61.3.2.604.3294.3j2j2j1j2j2.12
.0...0.0...1ac.BFsoEG3B8g0&oq=agricultural+rivolution+in+great+britain+&q=ag
ricultural%20rivolution%20in%20great%20britain
https://portfolio.du.edu/pc/port?page=3&uid=
13732