The use of waste heat for refrigeration and air conditioning purposes have been accepted by people and various systems have been developed and proven attractive but its implementation in real applications is still limited. The adsorption system is advantageous in small scale systems if
compared with absorption systems especially for the handling of the system and the cost. Adsorption refrigeration and heat pump cycles rely on the adsorption of a refrigerant gas into an adsorbent at low pressure and subsequent desorption by heating the adsorbent
Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed”- first law of thermodynamics. the energy
potential of the world is constant , so we have to save the energy as much as possible .as the refrigeration
is needed everywhere in the world and it is the major user of energy. The energy that could be used for
the adsorption refrigeration is powered by low grade heat. the low grade heat can be obtain from
industrial waste heat, exhaust gases from the engines or heat from solar thermal collector. Moreover it
uses environment kindly refrigerants and avoids the global warming and ozone depletion.
This document discusses the design of a solar-powered adsorption refrigeration system. It lists group members and provides descriptions of the key components of an adsorption refrigeration system: adsorber, adsorbent, and adsorbate. It then outlines the four phases of the adsorption refrigeration process and discusses design considerations like using silica gel and water as the adsorbent and adsorbate. The document also lists technical specifications, advantages, challenges, and areas for further research to improve the system's performance and reduce complexity.
This document summarizes a low-grade thermally driven adsorption refrigeration system. The system uses an adsorbent like silica gel and a refrigerant like water. It works similar to vapor absorption refrigeration using a thermal compressor instead of a mechanical one. The adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant vapor at low temperature and pressure, then desorbs it at high temperature, allowing it to be condensed and evaporated to produce cooling. Key advantages are its ability to use low-grade heat, operate without ozone-depleting refrigerants, and have few moving parts. Disadvantages include lower efficiency and larger size compared to conventional vapor compression systems.
Design and Fabrication of Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System [Libr-H20]IJMER
Most of the energies are utilized by the industries due to depletion of fossil fuels and
increasing the fuel price to exploit the maximum presented energy from the waste heat source. The
industry which utilizes steam turbine exhaust carries a considerable amount of thermal energy. This
energy can be set in to positive use as a heat source for vapour absorption system to serves as cooling
system. This paper illustrates the thermal and fiscal advantages of using single effect lithium bromide
water absorption by means of waste heat. The objective of this work is to hypothetical design of lithium
bromide water absorption Refrigeration system using waste heat from any industry steam turbine
exhaust
The document describes the principles and operation of a vapour absorption refrigeration system. It discusses how the absorption system differs from a vapour compression system by replacing the compressor with an absorber, generator, and pump. The absorption cycle uses two fluids, a refrigerant like ammonia or water, and an absorbent like lithium bromide or water. Heat is added in the generator to desorb the refrigerant from the absorbent, and the vapors are then condensed and expanded to provide cooling before being reabsorbed to repeat the cycle. Advantages include only needing a pump and ability to handle large cooling loads, while disadvantages are lower efficiency and longer response time than vapor compression systems.
Vapour absorption refrigeration systems use a heat source to provide cooling instead of mechanical work. They operate similarly to vapor compression systems by using a refrigerant that condenses and evaporates between two pressure levels, but the refrigerant is absorbed into an absorbent liquid instead of being compressed by a pump. Common working fluid pairs include ammonia-water and lithium bromide-water. Absorption systems have advantages over compression systems like lower maintenance needs and ability to operate in remote locations using a heat source instead of electricity. The Electrolux refrigerator is a common domestic absorption system that uses ammonia, hydrogen, and water as working fluids to provide cooling through natural circulation without any moving parts besides a small heat source.
Modification of Generator In Electrolux RefrigeratorIRJET Journal
This document describes modifications made to the generator-heat exchanger in a conventional vapor absorption refrigeration system. Specifically, the generator is replaced by a solar collector to provide heat input through heated water. Mathematical modeling is conducted to determine operating pressures, mass flow rates, heat inputs and outputs, and the coefficient of performance for both the refrigeration unit and the overall solar-powered system. The results show that a 9 square meter solar collector area is sufficient to power a 0.38 ton refrigeration capacity unit, with coefficients of performance of 0.696 for the refrigeration unit and 0.592 for the full solar system. Therefore, the document concludes that a solar-powered vapor absorption refrigeration system is a feasible alternative where cooling is
The document summarizes vapor absorption refrigeration systems, which use heat rather than mechanical work to power the refrigeration cycle. It describes the basic components and process, including how ammonia vapor is absorbed by water in the absorber, generated by heat in the generator, condensed in the condenser, and evaporated in the evaporator to absorb heat. It also discusses advantages over vapor compression systems, such as having no moving parts besides the pump and being able to operate using only thermal energy.
Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed”- first law of thermodynamics. the energy
potential of the world is constant , so we have to save the energy as much as possible .as the refrigeration
is needed everywhere in the world and it is the major user of energy. The energy that could be used for
the adsorption refrigeration is powered by low grade heat. the low grade heat can be obtain from
industrial waste heat, exhaust gases from the engines or heat from solar thermal collector. Moreover it
uses environment kindly refrigerants and avoids the global warming and ozone depletion.
This document discusses the design of a solar-powered adsorption refrigeration system. It lists group members and provides descriptions of the key components of an adsorption refrigeration system: adsorber, adsorbent, and adsorbate. It then outlines the four phases of the adsorption refrigeration process and discusses design considerations like using silica gel and water as the adsorbent and adsorbate. The document also lists technical specifications, advantages, challenges, and areas for further research to improve the system's performance and reduce complexity.
This document summarizes a low-grade thermally driven adsorption refrigeration system. The system uses an adsorbent like silica gel and a refrigerant like water. It works similar to vapor absorption refrigeration using a thermal compressor instead of a mechanical one. The adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant vapor at low temperature and pressure, then desorbs it at high temperature, allowing it to be condensed and evaporated to produce cooling. Key advantages are its ability to use low-grade heat, operate without ozone-depleting refrigerants, and have few moving parts. Disadvantages include lower efficiency and larger size compared to conventional vapor compression systems.
Design and Fabrication of Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System [Libr-H20]IJMER
Most of the energies are utilized by the industries due to depletion of fossil fuels and
increasing the fuel price to exploit the maximum presented energy from the waste heat source. The
industry which utilizes steam turbine exhaust carries a considerable amount of thermal energy. This
energy can be set in to positive use as a heat source for vapour absorption system to serves as cooling
system. This paper illustrates the thermal and fiscal advantages of using single effect lithium bromide
water absorption by means of waste heat. The objective of this work is to hypothetical design of lithium
bromide water absorption Refrigeration system using waste heat from any industry steam turbine
exhaust
The document describes the principles and operation of a vapour absorption refrigeration system. It discusses how the absorption system differs from a vapour compression system by replacing the compressor with an absorber, generator, and pump. The absorption cycle uses two fluids, a refrigerant like ammonia or water, and an absorbent like lithium bromide or water. Heat is added in the generator to desorb the refrigerant from the absorbent, and the vapors are then condensed and expanded to provide cooling before being reabsorbed to repeat the cycle. Advantages include only needing a pump and ability to handle large cooling loads, while disadvantages are lower efficiency and longer response time than vapor compression systems.
Vapour absorption refrigeration systems use a heat source to provide cooling instead of mechanical work. They operate similarly to vapor compression systems by using a refrigerant that condenses and evaporates between two pressure levels, but the refrigerant is absorbed into an absorbent liquid instead of being compressed by a pump. Common working fluid pairs include ammonia-water and lithium bromide-water. Absorption systems have advantages over compression systems like lower maintenance needs and ability to operate in remote locations using a heat source instead of electricity. The Electrolux refrigerator is a common domestic absorption system that uses ammonia, hydrogen, and water as working fluids to provide cooling through natural circulation without any moving parts besides a small heat source.
Modification of Generator In Electrolux RefrigeratorIRJET Journal
This document describes modifications made to the generator-heat exchanger in a conventional vapor absorption refrigeration system. Specifically, the generator is replaced by a solar collector to provide heat input through heated water. Mathematical modeling is conducted to determine operating pressures, mass flow rates, heat inputs and outputs, and the coefficient of performance for both the refrigeration unit and the overall solar-powered system. The results show that a 9 square meter solar collector area is sufficient to power a 0.38 ton refrigeration capacity unit, with coefficients of performance of 0.696 for the refrigeration unit and 0.592 for the full solar system. Therefore, the document concludes that a solar-powered vapor absorption refrigeration system is a feasible alternative where cooling is
The document summarizes vapor absorption refrigeration systems, which use heat rather than mechanical work to power the refrigeration cycle. It describes the basic components and process, including how ammonia vapor is absorbed by water in the absorber, generated by heat in the generator, condensed in the condenser, and evaporated in the evaporator to absorb heat. It also discusses advantages over vapor compression systems, such as having no moving parts besides the pump and being able to operate using only thermal energy.
SOLAR POWER VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEMaj12345ay
USE OF SOLAR POWER IN REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
The power incident from the sun to the earth has very much amount of energy that the present consumption rate of all the commercial and general uses. We utilize only 0.1% of total incident sun energy on the surface of earth. Thus solar energy can fulfill our present as well as future needs of energy. That is a reason it called renewable sources of energy. It is also environmental clean source of energy and available at whole part of world where people live. Using of solar energy in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning system it become very economical.
In our project we provide solar heat in generator for heating purpose of vapor compression refrigeration system.
For past few decades, energy has played a prominent role in the development of technology and economy. Energy has now become inevitable factor for production as well. The objective of this project is to develop an environment friendly vapour absorption system. Vapour absorption system uses heat energy, instead of mechanical energy as in vapour compression system, in order to change the condition of refrigerant required for the operation of the cycle. R 717(NH3) and water are used as working fluids in this system. The basic idea of this project is derived from the solar heating panel to obtain heat energy, instead of using any conventional source of heat energy. In this project various observations are done by varying operating conditions related to heat source, condenser, absorber and evaporator temperatures. The drawback of this system is that, it remains idle in the cloudy weather conditions.
COMPONENTS USED IN SOLAR POWERED AQUA-AMMONIA VAPOUR ABSORPTION SYSTEM
• ABSORBER
• PUMP
• HEAT EXCHANGER
• GENERATOR
• SOLAR PANEL
• CONDENSER
• EXPANSION VALVE
• EVAPORATOR
• DC BATTERY
• FAN
EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION OF LITHIUM BROMIDE MIXTURE ON COP FOR SINGLE EFFECT L...Editor IJMTER
In this paper effect of concentration of lithium bromide mixture on Co-efficient of
performance (COP) for single effect LiBr-H2O absorption chillers is calculated. Then find out how
the cop varies with the concentration of lithium bromide. For finding cop temperature of condenser
varies and the other parameter (temperature of generator, temperature of absorber, capacity of
evaporator, temperature of evaporator temperature of absorber) remains constant. Optimal value of
COP obtained 0.65 varying temperature of condenser.
This document summarizes a student project on a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system. It first introduces absorption cooling and how it differs from compressor refrigeration by using a heat source rather than a compressor. It then discusses lithium bromide's role as an absorbent and describes the working of the system through a series of numbered processes. The advantages of absorption cycles and refrigerant motors are listed, along with the limitations. Finally, references used in the project are cited.
The document discusses different types of refrigeration systems including vapour absorption refrigeration (VAR) systems, vapour compression refrigeration (VCR) systems, and magnetic refrigeration systems. It provides details on the basic working principles of VAR systems including the use of an absorber, generator, condenser, and evaporator. Ammonia-water and lithium-bromide water are commonly used refrigerant-absorbent combinations. Absorption systems have advantages over compression systems like being quieter and able to operate using thermal energy. A domestic Electrolux refrigerator that uses the VAR principle is also described.
There are two main types of absorption machines: single effect and double effect. Single effect uses a single generator to regenerate the refrigerant and absorbent using a lower grade heat source, resulting in a COP of around 0.7. Double effect uses two generators and a medium grade heat source to regenerate the refrigerant and absorbent in two stages, improving efficiency with a COP of 1.36 to 1.43. Double effect machines are generally more feasible than single effect when medium grade heat sources are available due to their higher performance. It is difficult to design a single machine to operate effectively across both low and high-grade heat sources.
This slide is about some new green cooling system (refrigeration system) and green refrigerant. For the Ozone layer depletion and green house effect, it is high time to find new refrigerant and refrigeration system.
Development of vapour absorption refrigeration system in vehiclesAshish Singh
This document discusses the development of a vapor absorption refrigeration system for use in vehicles. It begins with an introduction that explains vapor absorption and vapor compression refrigeration systems. The objectives are to lower the vehicle's temperature using waste heat from the engine. Literature on previous related projects is reviewed. The proposed system would use a generator heated by exhaust gases to power the vapor absorption cycle. Performance is analyzed considering temperatures and heat transfer. Components are specified and costs are estimated. A timeline is provided. The vapor absorption system could utilize otherwise wasted engine heat to provide cooling, reducing fuel costs compared to vapor compression.
This document describes an absorption chiller system that uses lithium bromide and water as working fluids. It discusses how the main components - the evaporator, absorber, and generator - work and the cycle they go through. Some key points are that lithium bromide has a great affinity for water vapor but they are not completely soluble under all conditions, and the system relies on low pressures and friction losses to reduce the pressure of the water refrigerant between components without an expansion valve. The document also lists assumptions made about the system's operation for analysis purposes.
This document discusses different types of vapor absorption refrigeration systems. It describes a simple system that uses an absorber, pump, generator and pressure reducing valve instead of a compressor. Ammonia vapor is absorbed by water in the absorber and heated in the generator to drive off the vapor. A practical system improves on this with accessories like an analyzer and rectifier. An Electrolux system uses ammonia, water and hydrogen as three fluids, with hydrogen increasing evaporation and ammonia as the refrigerant. Finally, lithium bromide absorption systems are mentioned.
It is the Short Description of the Vapor Absorption Cooling/ Refrigeration System.Contains Intro, Comparison of VCCS 7 VACS, Diagram, Advantages & Disadvantages & Applications of the System
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ZEOLITE BASE SOLAR VAPOUR ADSORPTION REFRIGERATION S...Journal For Research
Solar adsorption refrigeration represents important criteria of solar energy due to excellent matching between high sun-shine and the refrigeration need. The refrigerant pair can be taken by zeolite in powder form and water as refrigerant. The experiment used different parameters like co-efficient performance, temperature different, solar collector design, cooling unit, mass flow rate, pressure difference etc. Several literatures are used to develop experimental analysis to prepare an experimental setup and their results validation. Analysis new style structure adsorbent bed had been designed ,which has some character follows: compact structure, good performance in bearing strength, high efficiency in heat & mass transfer, great packing amount of adsorbent & uniform temperature field in the bed.
The document is a project report submitted by five students for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. It details the design, construction and testing of a refrigeration system that uses waste heat from an internal combustion engine as its energy source, instead of electrical power. The system employs an Electrolux vapor absorption refrigeration cycle, which is suitable for operating on low-grade heat. Diagrams and descriptions of the key components, such as the compressor, condenser and evaporator, are provided. The report also includes photographs documenting the building process.
The document discusses several technologies for solar-powered refrigeration and ice production. It describes how solar ice makers use solar energy to generate ammonia refrigerant during the day, then form ice at night when the generator cools. Another system uses activated carbon impregnated with methanol in a solar collector to adsorb vapor during the day, then desorb it at night to provide cooling in an evaporator and freeze water. A hybrid system is also presented that combines solar water heating with an adsorption refrigeration cycle to power a refrigerator.
This document summarizes a dissertation on the exergetic analysis of a two-stage lithium bromide/water vapor absorption refrigeration system. It provides background on absorption refrigeration and the motivation for improving efficiency. The dissertation aims to conduct an energy and exergy analysis of an actual double effect steam powered lithium bromide-water vapor absorption refrigeration system. It calculates values like exergy loss, COP, exergy efficiency and heat rate for each component. The effects of generator and evaporator temperature on COP and exergy efficiency are evaluated. Results show the irreversibility rate is highest in the generator, while lowest in the absorber and condenser. COP increases with evaporator temperature but exergy efficiency decreases. Average exer
Vapor absorption refrigeration systems based on the ammonia-water pair are one of the oldest refrigeration systems. In these systems, ammonia acts as the refrigerant and water acts as the absorbent. These systems operate at higher pressures than atmospheric pressure. Safety precautions must be taken because ammonia is toxic and flammable. The circulation ratio is defined as the ratio of the mass of the weak solution to the mass flow rate of the refrigerant.
The document describes the design and fabrication of a single-effect vapor absorption refrigeration system using LiBr-H2O and exhaust heat. The system was designed to (1) be environmentally friendly by using waste heat, (2) have low running costs, and (3) meet energy demands sustainably. A car was used as the environment where the cooling load was estimated. Components like the generator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber were modeled in ASPEN and tested experimentally using exhaust from an electric generator and LPG. The system was able to lower the chamber temperature by 4-5°C and had a COP of 0.0012-0.0013 without including heat input.
The document describes the key components and processes in a vapor absorption refrigeration system:
1) An evaporator where refrigerant vaporizes and absorbs heat, 2) An absorber where refrigerant vapor is absorbed by an absorbent, releasing heat, 3) A generator where heat regenerates the refrigerant and absorbent, and 4) A condenser where refrigerant condenses and liquefies. Heat from a heat source like steam drives the process without the need for a compressor.
The document summarizes a technical seminar on solar vapour absorption refrigeration systems. It discusses the components, process, advantages and disadvantages. The system uses solar energy to power an absorption refrigeration cycle that is similar to vapor compression, but uses a generator, absorber, and pump instead of a compressor. Ammonia is used as the refrigerant. It provides refrigeration with low maintenance costs while using a renewable energy source with no pollution.
Solar Or Waste Heat Absorption Cooling System
DRAMATIC INCREASE OF AIR CONDITIONING SINCE THE EARLY 80’S
• COST OF ENERGY
• ISSUES RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
DUE TO ENERGY PRODUCTION
DUE TO THE USE OF CFC’S AND HCFC’S
• MATCHES DEMAND WITH SOURCE AVAILABILITY
• CRUCIAL FOR IMPROVING LIFE STANDARDS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
This document summarizes different techniques for solar cooling, including absorption cooling, desiccant cooling, and adsorption cooling. It provides details on the underlying physics and thermodynamic cycles involved. Absorption cooling uses lithium bromide or water/ammonia as working fluids. Adsorption cooling uses a solid adsorbent material to remove vapor from a gas in a reversible process, cycling between heating/pressurization and cooling/depressurization phases. While solar cooling technologies show potential, the document concludes they still require further technological development, performance data from real installations, and subsidies to improve market penetration and achieve significant energy savings compared to conventional cooling.
This document summarizes a presentation on magnetic refrigeration. It introduces the magnetocaloric effect where certain magnetic materials experience a temperature change when exposed to a changing magnetic field. It then describes how magnetic refrigeration works by using this effect to remove heat from a substance, replacing the gas compression/expansion process with magnetizing and demagnetizing the magnetic material. Finally, it discusses suitable magnetic materials, the advantages of magnetic refrigeration over conventional refrigeration like higher efficiency and being environmentally friendly, and potential applications of the technology.
SOLAR POWER VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEMaj12345ay
USE OF SOLAR POWER IN REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
The power incident from the sun to the earth has very much amount of energy that the present consumption rate of all the commercial and general uses. We utilize only 0.1% of total incident sun energy on the surface of earth. Thus solar energy can fulfill our present as well as future needs of energy. That is a reason it called renewable sources of energy. It is also environmental clean source of energy and available at whole part of world where people live. Using of solar energy in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning system it become very economical.
In our project we provide solar heat in generator for heating purpose of vapor compression refrigeration system.
For past few decades, energy has played a prominent role in the development of technology and economy. Energy has now become inevitable factor for production as well. The objective of this project is to develop an environment friendly vapour absorption system. Vapour absorption system uses heat energy, instead of mechanical energy as in vapour compression system, in order to change the condition of refrigerant required for the operation of the cycle. R 717(NH3) and water are used as working fluids in this system. The basic idea of this project is derived from the solar heating panel to obtain heat energy, instead of using any conventional source of heat energy. In this project various observations are done by varying operating conditions related to heat source, condenser, absorber and evaporator temperatures. The drawback of this system is that, it remains idle in the cloudy weather conditions.
COMPONENTS USED IN SOLAR POWERED AQUA-AMMONIA VAPOUR ABSORPTION SYSTEM
• ABSORBER
• PUMP
• HEAT EXCHANGER
• GENERATOR
• SOLAR PANEL
• CONDENSER
• EXPANSION VALVE
• EVAPORATOR
• DC BATTERY
• FAN
EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION OF LITHIUM BROMIDE MIXTURE ON COP FOR SINGLE EFFECT L...Editor IJMTER
In this paper effect of concentration of lithium bromide mixture on Co-efficient of
performance (COP) for single effect LiBr-H2O absorption chillers is calculated. Then find out how
the cop varies with the concentration of lithium bromide. For finding cop temperature of condenser
varies and the other parameter (temperature of generator, temperature of absorber, capacity of
evaporator, temperature of evaporator temperature of absorber) remains constant. Optimal value of
COP obtained 0.65 varying temperature of condenser.
This document summarizes a student project on a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system. It first introduces absorption cooling and how it differs from compressor refrigeration by using a heat source rather than a compressor. It then discusses lithium bromide's role as an absorbent and describes the working of the system through a series of numbered processes. The advantages of absorption cycles and refrigerant motors are listed, along with the limitations. Finally, references used in the project are cited.
The document discusses different types of refrigeration systems including vapour absorption refrigeration (VAR) systems, vapour compression refrigeration (VCR) systems, and magnetic refrigeration systems. It provides details on the basic working principles of VAR systems including the use of an absorber, generator, condenser, and evaporator. Ammonia-water and lithium-bromide water are commonly used refrigerant-absorbent combinations. Absorption systems have advantages over compression systems like being quieter and able to operate using thermal energy. A domestic Electrolux refrigerator that uses the VAR principle is also described.
There are two main types of absorption machines: single effect and double effect. Single effect uses a single generator to regenerate the refrigerant and absorbent using a lower grade heat source, resulting in a COP of around 0.7. Double effect uses two generators and a medium grade heat source to regenerate the refrigerant and absorbent in two stages, improving efficiency with a COP of 1.36 to 1.43. Double effect machines are generally more feasible than single effect when medium grade heat sources are available due to their higher performance. It is difficult to design a single machine to operate effectively across both low and high-grade heat sources.
This slide is about some new green cooling system (refrigeration system) and green refrigerant. For the Ozone layer depletion and green house effect, it is high time to find new refrigerant and refrigeration system.
Development of vapour absorption refrigeration system in vehiclesAshish Singh
This document discusses the development of a vapor absorption refrigeration system for use in vehicles. It begins with an introduction that explains vapor absorption and vapor compression refrigeration systems. The objectives are to lower the vehicle's temperature using waste heat from the engine. Literature on previous related projects is reviewed. The proposed system would use a generator heated by exhaust gases to power the vapor absorption cycle. Performance is analyzed considering temperatures and heat transfer. Components are specified and costs are estimated. A timeline is provided. The vapor absorption system could utilize otherwise wasted engine heat to provide cooling, reducing fuel costs compared to vapor compression.
This document describes an absorption chiller system that uses lithium bromide and water as working fluids. It discusses how the main components - the evaporator, absorber, and generator - work and the cycle they go through. Some key points are that lithium bromide has a great affinity for water vapor but they are not completely soluble under all conditions, and the system relies on low pressures and friction losses to reduce the pressure of the water refrigerant between components without an expansion valve. The document also lists assumptions made about the system's operation for analysis purposes.
This document discusses different types of vapor absorption refrigeration systems. It describes a simple system that uses an absorber, pump, generator and pressure reducing valve instead of a compressor. Ammonia vapor is absorbed by water in the absorber and heated in the generator to drive off the vapor. A practical system improves on this with accessories like an analyzer and rectifier. An Electrolux system uses ammonia, water and hydrogen as three fluids, with hydrogen increasing evaporation and ammonia as the refrigerant. Finally, lithium bromide absorption systems are mentioned.
It is the Short Description of the Vapor Absorption Cooling/ Refrigeration System.Contains Intro, Comparison of VCCS 7 VACS, Diagram, Advantages & Disadvantages & Applications of the System
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ZEOLITE BASE SOLAR VAPOUR ADSORPTION REFRIGERATION S...Journal For Research
Solar adsorption refrigeration represents important criteria of solar energy due to excellent matching between high sun-shine and the refrigeration need. The refrigerant pair can be taken by zeolite in powder form and water as refrigerant. The experiment used different parameters like co-efficient performance, temperature different, solar collector design, cooling unit, mass flow rate, pressure difference etc. Several literatures are used to develop experimental analysis to prepare an experimental setup and their results validation. Analysis new style structure adsorbent bed had been designed ,which has some character follows: compact structure, good performance in bearing strength, high efficiency in heat & mass transfer, great packing amount of adsorbent & uniform temperature field in the bed.
The document is a project report submitted by five students for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. It details the design, construction and testing of a refrigeration system that uses waste heat from an internal combustion engine as its energy source, instead of electrical power. The system employs an Electrolux vapor absorption refrigeration cycle, which is suitable for operating on low-grade heat. Diagrams and descriptions of the key components, such as the compressor, condenser and evaporator, are provided. The report also includes photographs documenting the building process.
The document discusses several technologies for solar-powered refrigeration and ice production. It describes how solar ice makers use solar energy to generate ammonia refrigerant during the day, then form ice at night when the generator cools. Another system uses activated carbon impregnated with methanol in a solar collector to adsorb vapor during the day, then desorb it at night to provide cooling in an evaporator and freeze water. A hybrid system is also presented that combines solar water heating with an adsorption refrigeration cycle to power a refrigerator.
This document summarizes a dissertation on the exergetic analysis of a two-stage lithium bromide/water vapor absorption refrigeration system. It provides background on absorption refrigeration and the motivation for improving efficiency. The dissertation aims to conduct an energy and exergy analysis of an actual double effect steam powered lithium bromide-water vapor absorption refrigeration system. It calculates values like exergy loss, COP, exergy efficiency and heat rate for each component. The effects of generator and evaporator temperature on COP and exergy efficiency are evaluated. Results show the irreversibility rate is highest in the generator, while lowest in the absorber and condenser. COP increases with evaporator temperature but exergy efficiency decreases. Average exer
Vapor absorption refrigeration systems based on the ammonia-water pair are one of the oldest refrigeration systems. In these systems, ammonia acts as the refrigerant and water acts as the absorbent. These systems operate at higher pressures than atmospheric pressure. Safety precautions must be taken because ammonia is toxic and flammable. The circulation ratio is defined as the ratio of the mass of the weak solution to the mass flow rate of the refrigerant.
The document describes the design and fabrication of a single-effect vapor absorption refrigeration system using LiBr-H2O and exhaust heat. The system was designed to (1) be environmentally friendly by using waste heat, (2) have low running costs, and (3) meet energy demands sustainably. A car was used as the environment where the cooling load was estimated. Components like the generator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber were modeled in ASPEN and tested experimentally using exhaust from an electric generator and LPG. The system was able to lower the chamber temperature by 4-5°C and had a COP of 0.0012-0.0013 without including heat input.
The document describes the key components and processes in a vapor absorption refrigeration system:
1) An evaporator where refrigerant vaporizes and absorbs heat, 2) An absorber where refrigerant vapor is absorbed by an absorbent, releasing heat, 3) A generator where heat regenerates the refrigerant and absorbent, and 4) A condenser where refrigerant condenses and liquefies. Heat from a heat source like steam drives the process without the need for a compressor.
The document summarizes a technical seminar on solar vapour absorption refrigeration systems. It discusses the components, process, advantages and disadvantages. The system uses solar energy to power an absorption refrigeration cycle that is similar to vapor compression, but uses a generator, absorber, and pump instead of a compressor. Ammonia is used as the refrigerant. It provides refrigeration with low maintenance costs while using a renewable energy source with no pollution.
Solar Or Waste Heat Absorption Cooling System
DRAMATIC INCREASE OF AIR CONDITIONING SINCE THE EARLY 80’S
• COST OF ENERGY
• ISSUES RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
DUE TO ENERGY PRODUCTION
DUE TO THE USE OF CFC’S AND HCFC’S
• MATCHES DEMAND WITH SOURCE AVAILABILITY
• CRUCIAL FOR IMPROVING LIFE STANDARDS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
This document summarizes different techniques for solar cooling, including absorption cooling, desiccant cooling, and adsorption cooling. It provides details on the underlying physics and thermodynamic cycles involved. Absorption cooling uses lithium bromide or water/ammonia as working fluids. Adsorption cooling uses a solid adsorbent material to remove vapor from a gas in a reversible process, cycling between heating/pressurization and cooling/depressurization phases. While solar cooling technologies show potential, the document concludes they still require further technological development, performance data from real installations, and subsidies to improve market penetration and achieve significant energy savings compared to conventional cooling.
This document summarizes a presentation on magnetic refrigeration. It introduces the magnetocaloric effect where certain magnetic materials experience a temperature change when exposed to a changing magnetic field. It then describes how magnetic refrigeration works by using this effect to remove heat from a substance, replacing the gas compression/expansion process with magnetizing and demagnetizing the magnetic material. Finally, it discusses suitable magnetic materials, the advantages of magnetic refrigeration over conventional refrigeration like higher efficiency and being environmentally friendly, and potential applications of the technology.
Solar Cooling Methods and Applications provides an overview of solar cooling systems and how to apply them. It describes two methods: photovoltaic (PV) panels that generate electricity to power a vapor compression chiller, and solar thermal panels that heat a fluid to power an absorption chiller. The document emphasizes that solar technologies have higher payback when the availability of the renewable resource matches the load, and that systems should be sized to maximize utilization of expensive components. It aims to help engineers understand when and how to apply solar cooling appropriately.
Adsorption is the process where matter accumulates at the interface between two phases, such as a gas transferring to the surface of a liquid. This occurs due to higher surface energy at interfaces compared to interior molecules. Adsorption equilibria can be modeled using isotherms such as Langmuir, Freundlich, and BET, which relate the amount adsorbed to concentration in solution. Factors like adsorbate properties, pH, temperature, and presence of other solutes influence adsorption extent and isotherm shape.
Solar refrigeration uses solar energy to power refrigeration systems for food and medicine preservation and comfort cooling. There are three main types of solar refrigeration: photovoltaic operated vapor compression, solar mechanical vapor compression using a Rankine cycle, and absorption refrigeration. Absorption refrigeration replaces the compressor with a thermal compression system using ammonia as the working fluid and a generator powered by solar collectors to desorb the ammonia, providing refrigeration without large mechanical energy inputs. While solar refrigeration has benefits of being environmentally friendly and not relying on power grids, its high initial costs and low coefficient of performance currently limit widespread adoption.
The document discusses vapour absorption refrigeration systems. It describes a simple vapour absorption system using ammonia and water, and a practical system. It defines the coefficient of performance (COP) of an ideal absorption system and lists properties desired in ideal refrigerants and absorbents. The document also discusses the domestic Electrolux refrigerator, which uses ammonia, hydrogen and water, and operates entirely through gravity flow without pumps. Key advantages of absorption systems over compression include having no moving parts and ability to operate on thermal energy alone.
This document discusses magnetic refrigeration, which provides cooling through the magnetocaloric effect. It begins by introducing magnetic refrigeration and the magnetocaloric effect. It then covers the basic principles and mechanism of magnetic refrigeration, including the thermodynamic cycle and components required. Potential magnetocaloric materials are discussed. Applications for magnetic refrigeration include household appliances, buildings, transportation, food storage, and electronics cooling. Benefits include higher efficiency and lower environmental impact compared to traditional refrigeration. Further research is still needed to improve temperature changes and develop stronger permanent magnets for widespread commercial use.
This document provides an overview of refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It begins by explaining that refrigeration and air conditioning are used to cool products or environments. It then discusses the basic refrigeration cycle involving heat absorption and rejection. The document outlines different types of refrigeration systems, including vapor compression and vapor absorption. It also describes window air conditioners and split air conditioners. The working of a split AC is explained, noting that it splits the hot and cold sides with the evaporator inside and condenser outside. In closing, the document thanks the reader for their attention.
This document describes the development of an air conditioning system for automobiles based on a vapor absorption refrigeration cycle. The system uses exhaust gases from the engine as a heat source to power the vapor absorption cycle, eliminating the need for mechanical power from the engine. The experimental setup used R134a as the refrigerant and DMF as the absorbent. Calculations were presented showing the system could achieve a coefficient of performance of 2.41 using these working fluids with temperatures of 363K for the generator, 311K for the condenser, and 292K for the evaporator. Graphs of performance metrics like COP versus temperature demonstrated the relationships between variables. The conclusion was that the system could successfully use wasted engine heat to provide air conditioning
The air conditioning system of automobiles in today’s world uses “Vapour Compression
Refrigerant System” (VCRS) which absorbs and removes heat from the interior of the vehicle. The
system utilizes power from engine shaft as the input power to drive the compressor of the refrigerant
system. The loss of power of the engine to run the VCR system can be neglected by utilizing another
refrigeration system i.e. a “Vapour Absorption Refrigerant System”. In a Vapour Absorption
Refrigerant System, a physicochemical process replaces the mechanical process of the Vapour
Compression Refrigerant System by using energy in the form of heat rather than mechanical work.
The experimental work to utilize the waste heat from exhaust gases from an engine for the vapour
absorption refrigerant system with R-134a as refrigerant and DMF as absorbent. The experimental
results indicated that vehicle performance enhances, noise reduces, maintenance becomes easier, and
highly reliable. The data obtained from experimentation is presented analyzed in this paper.
C.O.P DERIVATION AND THERMODYNAMIC CALCULATION OF AMMONIA-WATER VAPOR ABSORPT...IAEME Publication
In the current trends globally, the excessive utilization of the energy and over consumption of fuel has resulted in the global warming and environmental pollution. The Absorption cooling offers the possibility of using heat to provide cooling. For cooling purpose the required heat input is obtained from the excessive heat of the boiler or from non conventional power sources like solar energy
An Investigative and Concise Review on Evaporation and Condensation Processes...IJERA Editor
The vapour adsorption refrigeration is based on the evaporation and condensation of a refrigerant combined with adsorption or chemical reaction. The towering fossil fuel price and the responsiveness of environmental problems offer many potential applications to thermal powered adsorption cooling. However, the adsorption cooling machines still have some disadvantages that hinder their wide application. The patents surveyed are classified into four main groups: adsorption system development, adsorbent bed innovation, adsorbent/adsorbate material development and novel application of adsorption cooling system. The adsorption refrigeration is based on the evaporation and condensation of a refrigerant combined with adsorption or chemical reaction. Important targets are to reach a high efficiency through optimization measures at various components and the control system. On the other hand measures are to verify to simplify the construction with regard to a low-cost manufacturing, as well as to reach long periods with maintenance-free operation. This review paper gives a comprehensive review on the work carried out on vapour adsorption refrigeration for cryogenic applications.
DEVELOPMENT OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM BASED ON VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATI...IAEME Publication
The air conditioning system of automobiles in today’s world uses “Vapour Compression Refrigerant System” (VCRS) which absorbs and removes heat from the interior of the vehicle. The
system utilizes power from engine shaft as the input power to drive the compressor of the refrigerant system. The loss of power of the engine to run the VCR system can be neglected by utilizing another refrigeration system i.e. a “Vapour Absorption Refrigerant System”.
A Review Paper on Design of Generator in Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Systemijtsrd
In vapour absorbtion refrigeration system an absorber, a pump, a generator and a pressure reducing valve replace the compressor. We can also operate the generator with low thermal energy by exhaust heat of IC engine. The fossil fuel remain main source of energy but contribute a tremendous amount of pollutants in the environment leading to global warming ,so for the purpose of refrigerator and air conditioning a vapour absorption refrigeration system could be used. this system utilizes the wasteful heat from heavy vehicle exhaust and work on VARS which provides the cooling and reducing various costs like fuel and maintenance. The research has been done in order to recover maximum waste heat and then analyzing the system performance. Through this system the researchers has tried to find out the maximum COP. It has been found by research that generator temperature has the most effect on the release of the system. Alok Kumar Gupta | Laraib Ahamad | Prabhat Kumar Yadav | Paurush Pandit "A Review Paper on Design of Generator in Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31321.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/31321/a-review-paper-on-design-of-generator-in-vapour-absorption-refrigeration-system/alok-kumar-gupta
Recovery of Engine Waste Heat for Reutilization in Air Conditioning System in...Joel John
The document proposes recovering engine waste heat in an automobile to power an air conditioning system using vapor absorption refrigeration. It begins with an introduction discussing how air conditioning has become necessary in vehicles and how operating costs are increasing. It then reviews vapor compression and absorption refrigeration systems, engine cooling systems, and compares the two refrigeration methods. The objectives are to identify waste in traditional vapor compression systems, compare characteristics to the proposed vapor absorption system, and analyze strategies to reduce refrigeration costs in vehicles. A literature review found works on using exhaust heat for adsorption cooling but no significant work recovering engine heat for vehicle air conditioning.
The document describes a water cooling system that uses engine exhaust heat from a two-wheeler engine. The system uses an adsorber bed filled with activated carbon to adsorb R134a refrigerant. Exhaust from the engine passes through the adsorber bed, heating it and causing the refrigerant to evaporate. The evaporated refrigerant then passes through a coil that acts as an evaporator, cooling water passed through it. After condensing, the refrigerant is expanded through a valve and re-adsorbed in the bed, completing the cycle. Experimental results showed the system could cool 2 liters of water to 19°C within 30 minutes, using only waste heat from the engine exhaust. The system provides
Automobile air-conditioning is a necessity of present life. vapour compression refrigeration cycle used in modern automobile and refrigerant 134a are available in automobile. The compressor of automobile air-conditioning is run by engine crankshaft, which reduces the mileage of the
automobile. Waste heat recovery of internal combustion engine are two type, one is direct type or thermal energy or waste heat direct converted into electrical energy by see back effect and other is indirect type waste heat is used for rankine cycle ,sterling cycle or refrigeration cycle.
The document analyzes the thermodynamic performance of a lithium bromide (LiBr) and water based vapor absorption air conditioning system that utilizes waste exhaust heat from a diesel engine. The system consists of a generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, and solution heat exchanger. The effects of varying the temperatures of these components on the system's coefficient of performance (COP) and exergy efficiency are examined. The results show that COP increases with higher evaporator temperature but decreases with higher condenser and absorber temperatures. Exergy analysis indicates the condenser and absorber have higher exergy losses than the generator and evaporator. A small-scale LiBr-water system can feasibly operate using exhaust heat from
Comparison of the Performances of NH3-H20 and Libr-H2O Vapour Absorption Refr...IJERA Editor
Developments in absorption cooling technology present an opportunity to achieve significant improvements on
micro-scale to buildings, cooling, heating and power systems for residential and light commercial buildings.
Their resultant effects are effective, energy efficient and economical. This study therefore contributes an
important knowledge and method in the development, fabrication and application of an absorption refrigerator as
a better alternative to the commonly used compressor refrigerators. Two fluid gas absorption refrigerators use
electric based heater installed generator and no moving parts, such as pumps and compressors, and operate at a
single system pressure. In this paper the performances analysis of the NH3-H2O and possible alternative cycles as
lithium bromide-water are compared in respect of the (COP) and different operating conditioning. The highest
COP was found as a function of the absorber, generator, condenser, and evaporating temperature. This paper
compares the performance of vapour absorption refrigeration cycles that are used for refrigeration temperatures
below 0°C. Since the most common vapour absorption refrigeration systems use ammonia-water solution with
ammonia as the refrigerant and water as the absorbent, research has been devoted to improvement of the
performance of ammonia-water absorption refrigeration systems in recent years
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
We know that the present air conditioning system produces cooling effect by refrigerants like Freon, Ammonia. Using this refrigerants can get maximum output but one of the major disadvantages is harmful gas emission and global warming. This problem can be overcome by using thermoelectric modules Peltier effect air conditioner and their by protecting the environment. The present paper deals with the study of Thermoelectric air conditioner using different modules is discuss Thermoelectric cooling systems have advantages over conventional cooling devices, such as compact in size, light in weight, high reliability. High reliability as there is no moving parts. Mr. Parag Singhal | Tarun Chaudhary | Shardul Kumar Vijay | Tauheed Akhtar | Vaibhav | Ravin Singh ""Thermoelectric Air Conditioning"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23509.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23509/thermoelectric-air-conditioning/mr-parag-singhal
This document summarizes a study on an adsorption refrigeration system for truck cabin cooling using engine exhaust heat. The proposed system uses two adsorbers, two condensers and an evaporator connected with two control valves. Experimental testing of a 1 kW prototype showed a cooling capacity of 1-1.2 kW and a COP of 0.4-0.45. The system uses a compact design with minimal components, making it portable for truck integration. Graphs show the system's refrigeration capacity, COP and heating time vary with exhaust gas temperature. The study concludes the proposed system can provide refrigeration without impacting engine efficiency and is a viable option for truck cabin cooling.
VOLUME-7 ISSUE-8, AUGUST 2019 , International Journal of Research in Advent Technology (IJRAT) , ISSN: 2321-9637 (Online) Published By: MG Aricent Pvt Ltd
Seminar Report on Automobile Air-Conditioning based on VAC using Exhaust HeatBhagvat Wadekar
The theoretical analysis, the feasibility of such a system in a positive frame. It can be summarized that: In the exhaust gases of motor vehicles, there is enough heat energy that can be utilized to power an air-conditioning system. Therefore, if air-conditioning is achieved without using the engine’s mechanical output, there will be a net reduction in fuel consumption and emissions. Once a secondary fluid such as water or glycol is used, the aqua-ammonia combination appears to be a good candidate as a working fluid for an absorption car air-conditioning system. This minimizes any potential hazard to the passengers. The low COP value is an indication that improvements to the cycle are necessary. A high purity refrigerant would give a higher refrigeration effect, while the incorporation of a solution heat exchanger would reduce the input heat to the generator. The present system has both a reflux condenser and a heat exchanger. However, the reflux condenser is proved inadequate to provide high purity of the refrigerant and needs to be re-addressed. The evaluation of the COP, with and without the heat exchanger also proves that unless there is a high purity refrigerant, the effect of the heat exchanger to the generator’s heat is small.
IRJET- A Review Paper on Air-Conditioner Works on Exhaust GasIRJET Journal
This document reviews a proposed air conditioning system for automobiles that uses an absorption refrigeration cycle powered by waste heat from the vehicle's exhaust gases, rather than the conventional vapor compression cycle driven by the engine. It begins with an introduction comparing vapor absorption and compression cycles. Then it discusses the proposed system using ammonia as the refrigerant and exhaust heat as the energy source. The remainder of the document reviews relevant literature on vapor absorption automobile air conditioning systems that also aim to make use of waste exhaust heat rather than engine power. It discusses several studies that analyzed systems using lithium bromide-water and ammonia-water working pairs to power absorption refrigeration cycles for automotive air conditioning.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Lithium Bromide-Water(LiBr-H2O) Vapor Absorption ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on a lithium bromide-water vapor absorption refrigeration system powered by solar energy. It discusses the basic principles and components of vapor absorption systems, including the generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, and expansion valve. Common working fluid pairs like lithium bromide-water and ammonia-water are described. The document provides details on the thermodynamic analysis conducted on a 1.5-ton lithium bromide-water system, including calculations of the coefficient of performance based on hot water as the heat source. The goal is to explore using solar energy instead of electricity to power the refrigeration process.
Study of Thermoelectric Air Conditioning for AutomobilesIRJET Journal
This document discusses the study of using thermoelectric air conditioning for automobiles as an alternative to traditional HVAC systems. It begins by introducing thermoelectric modules, which can act as heat pumps using the Peltier effect to produce a temperature difference when current flows through them. Unlike traditional HVAC systems, thermoelectric air conditioning does not require compressors or pumps. The document then discusses the methodology, working principles based on the Peltier and Seebeck effects, configuration of thermoelectric modules, and aims to introduce a new HVAC system using thermoelectric modules to overcome disadvantages of existing systems such as environmental impact, energy efficiency, and cost.
Similar to ADSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOBILES AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
Open Channel Flow: fluid flow with a free surfaceIndrajeet sahu
Open Channel Flow: This topic focuses on fluid flow with a free surface, such as in rivers, canals, and drainage ditches. Key concepts include the classification of flow types (steady vs. unsteady, uniform vs. non-uniform), hydraulic radius, flow resistance, Manning's equation, critical flow conditions, and energy and momentum principles. It also covers flow measurement techniques, gradually varied flow analysis, and the design of open channels. Understanding these principles is vital for effective water resource management and engineering applications.
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
We have designed & manufacture the Lubi Valves LBF series type of Butterfly Valves for General Utility Water applications as well as for HVAC applications.
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
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