This document discusses types of network addresses and internet address classes. It contains the following key points: - There are 32-bit global internet addresses that include network and host identifiers in dotted decimal notation like 192.228.17.57. - Internet addresses have application, network, and data link layers with examples provided. - InterNIC is responsible for network layer IP addresses and application layer domain names. - There are five classes of internet addresses - Classes A, B, and C are available to organizations, while Classes D and E are reserved for special purposes. - Class A addresses start with 1-126 and allow for 16 million addresses. Class B starts with 128-191 allowing 65

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Subject : Computer Networks
Topic : Addressing

2. Types of addresses
• 32-bit global internet address
• Includes network and host
identifiers
• Dotted decimal notation
– 11000000 11100100 00010001 00111001
(binary)
– 192.228.17.57 (decimal)
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3. Types of addresses
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Address Example Software Example Address
Application Layer Web browser ike.ba.ttu.edu
Network Layer TCP/IP 129.118.49.189
Data Link Layer Ethernet 00-A0-C9-96-1D-90

4. Internet Addresses
• InterNIC is responsible for network
layer addresses (IP addresses) and
application layer addresses or
domain names
(www.ttu.edu).
• There are five classes of Internet
addresses.
• Classes A, B, and C are available to
organizations
• Class D and E are reserved for special
purposes and are not assigned
to organizations.
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5. Internet Address Classes
• Class A (/8 address)
– The first digit is fixed, ranging 1-126 (01-7E), 16
million addresses
– 127.x.x.x is reserved for loopback
• Class B (/16 address)
– First two bytes are fixed with the first digit
ranging 128-191 (80-BF), 65,000 addresses.
• Class C (/24 address)
– First 3 bytes are fixed, with the first digit
ranging 192-223 (C0-DF), 254 addresses.
• Class D & E
– The first digit is 224-239 (E0-EF) and 240-255 (F0-
FF) respectively.
– Reserved for special purposes and not available to
organizations.
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6. Internet Address Classes
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1/2
1 126
1/4
128 191
1/8
192 223
1/16 1/16
240 255
Class C Class D Class EClass BClass A
Ranges of the first byte for different classes:
Class A: 0xxxxxxx
Class B: 10xxxxxx.xxxxxxxx
Class C: 110xxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx
Class D: 1110xxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx
Class E: 1111xxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx
224 239
Note:
The IP addresses with the first
byte as 0 and 127 are reserved

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