The document discusses action potentials and resting potentials in neurons. It first defines the equilibrium potentials for potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), and chloride (Cl-) ions based on their concentrations inside and outside the neuron cell membrane. The equilibrium potential for K+ is -90 mV, Na+ is +60 mV, and Cl- is -70 mV. It then introduces the topic of action potentials in nerve cells, which will be further detailed.

1. ACTION POTENTIAL
AND
RESTING POTENTIAL
AKASH KUMAR BHOI
Assistant Professor
SMIT

2. 1. ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY & ACTION POTENTIAL

7. Ions, because they are charged, are influenced not only by their concentration
gradient but also by electrical potential differences.
EQUIL.
POT.
K+ -90 mV
Na+ +60 mV
Cl- -70 mV
Equilibrium Potentials for Various Ions
If the concentration gradient for a given ion is known, the equilibrium
potential for that ion can be calculated (using the Nernst Equation). Shown
below are the equilibrium potentials calculated for K+, Na+ and Cl- using
the ionic concentrations for a typical neuron.

10. ACTION POTENTIAL OF NERVE CELL

22. Assignment-1
• Medical preamplifier circuit and Gain Calculation
(Refer From 2 Research paper)
• Isolation Amplifier used for Amplification of ECG
Signals (Refer from 2 Research paper)
Circuit Diagram, Implemented Machine block
Diagram, Detailed analysis, advantages &
drawbacks/disadvantages
Pl. mentioned those research papers (2+2) i.e. title,
publication etc.