Bioelectrical signals
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Bioelectrical signal are the signals originating with the body of a creature because of motion of body
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Bio amplifiers - basics
A Bioamplifier is an electrophysiological device, a variation of the instrumentation amplifier, used to gather and increase the signal integrity of physiologic electrical activity for output to various sources. It may be an independent unit, or integrated into the electrodes.
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The document discusses an electromagnetic blood flow meter. It operates based on electromagnetic induction principles, inducing an EMF in blood flowing through a vessel perpendicular to a magnetic field. Electrodes placed across the vessel measure this induced EMF, which is proportional to blood velocity. The small EMF signal is amplified for measurement and low pass filtered to determine average blood flow rate. Advantages include a linear dynamic range and no mechanical limitations for measuring high and low blood flows.
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The document discusses several key physiological systems in the human body including:
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- The respiratory system which includes the lungs and airways that oxygenate blood and remove carbon dioxide.
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- The nervous system which acts as the control and communication network in the body through the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
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This slide has been prepared in detaied manner and will help you.
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Graphic record heart sound - Phonogram.
Recording the sounds connected with the pumping action of heart.
Sound from heart – phonocardiogram
Instrument to measure this – phonocardiograph
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[mehakazeem@ieee.org]
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The document discusses several key physiological systems in the human body including:
- The cardiovascular system which includes the heart and blood vessels that circulate blood throughout the body.
- The respiratory system which includes the lungs and airways that oxygenate blood and remove carbon dioxide.
- The muscular system which includes three main types of muscles that allow movement and maintain posture.
- The nervous system which acts as the control and communication network in the body through the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
EEG (ELECTROENCEPALOGRAM)
This slide has been prepared in detaied manner and will help you.
The topics covered are:-
1- introduction
2.circuit diagram and its explaination
3.working
4. features
5.advantages / disadvantages
6. the top vendors
Phonocardiography(PCG)
Graphic record heart sound - Phonogram.
Recording the sounds connected with the pumping action of heart.
Sound from heart – phonocardiogram
Instrument to measure this – phonocardiograph
Basic function – to pick up the different heart sound,filter the required and display.
biomedical signal processing
Biomedical signal processing involves applying engineering principles and techniques to medical fields. It combines engineering design skills with medical sciences to improve healthcare diagnosis and treatment. Some key biomedical signals discussed include ECG, EMG, EEG, and others. There are several research gaps and areas discussed such as signal conditioning, feature extraction, optimization techniques, and classification methods. Machine learning and deep learning approaches using techniques like convolutional neural networks show promise for biomedical signal processing applications in areas like medical research.
Unit 4 biomedical
The document discusses various instruments used for respiratory and blood measurements. It describes pneumographs which detect respiration through chest movements. Spirometers are used to measure lung volumes and capacities. Impedance pneumography monitors respiration rate using changes in chest impedance during breathing. Other topics covered include blood cell counting methods like Coulter and optical techniques, electromagnetic and ultrasonic blood flow meters, and measuring blood pH using glass electrodes in blood gas analyzers.
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This document discusses different types of electrodes used to measure electrical activity in the body. It describes various classifications of transducers including passive vs active, absolute vs relative, direct vs complex, analog vs digital, and primary vs secondary. It also explains different electrode principles such as capacitive, inductive, and resistive. The document outlines types of electrodes like surface electrodes, needle electrodes, and microelectrodes and provides examples of each. It discusses factors to consider when selecting a transducer and electrodes used to measure specific physiological variables.
10 and 20 electrode placement
The 10-20 system is an internationally recognized method for standardizing EEG electrode placement on the scalp. It is based on the relationship between electrode positions and the underlying areas of the cerebral cortex. Electrodes are placed at fixed locations based on percentages of the total front-to-back or right-to-left distance of the head. Letters and numbers identify the hemisphere and lobe locations of the electrodes. The system allows for reproducible positioning of scalp electrodes across patients and research studies.
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Biomedical engineering is the application of engineering principles and design concepts to medicine and biology. It involves measuring physiological variables using instruments designed for healthcare purposes like diagnosis and therapy. Key factors in medical instrument design include range, sensitivity, linearity, frequency response, accuracy, signal-to-noise ratio, stability, isolation, and simplicity. The man-instrument system combines a human subject, transducer to convert signals, and components like signal conditioning, display, recording and control devices. The goal is to non-invasively gather patient information to aid in diagnosis, evaluation, monitoring and automated control of medical conditions and treatments.
Biomedical Signal Processing / Biomedical Signals/ Bio-signals/ Bio-signals C...
These amazing and highly informative slides presented to the IEEE Signal Processing Society of IEEE MESCE Student Branch. These slides aim to provide basic knowledge about biosignals, their classification, examples and their working.
For more information, please contact:
[mehakazeem@ieee.org]
ECG-Electrocardiography
1.Bioelectric signals and their characteristics
2.Structure of heart
3.ECG Lead System Configuration
4.ECG Waveform
5.ECG Recording system – Block diagram
6.Analysis of ECG waveform
Origin of biopotentials
Biopotentials are ionic voltages produced by electrochemical activity in cells. Certain cells like nerve and muscle cells are encased in a semi-permeable membrane that allows some substances to pass through while keeping others out. These membranes maintain a resting potential of -60 to -100 mV by allowing potassium and chloride ions into the cell while blocking sodium ions. When the membrane allows sodium ions to pass through, the cell's potential becomes slightly positive in what is called an action potential, changing the cell from its resting state. Transducers are used to convert these ionic potentials into electrical signals that can be measured and analyzed.
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This document discusses ECG signal processing. It begins with an introduction to electrocardiograms and how they differ from EKGs. It then discusses how signal processing is important for ECGs and how ECGs operate based on three pulse waves. MATLAB functionality for ECG signal processing like FFTs and filtering is also covered. The document discusses various types of artefacts and noise sources that affect ECG signals. It outlines the objectives and methods of research which involve R-peak detection and notch filtering. Source code for these methods is also provided.
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This document provides an introduction to medical instrumentation and bioamplifiers. It discusses how medical instrumentation measures and monitors physiological signals in the body using sensors. The key components of a biomedical instrumentation system are described including the measurand, sensor/transducer, signal conditioner, display, and data storage. It then focuses on bioamplifiers, explaining the types (differential, operational, instrumentation, isolation), their characteristics, and how they are used to amplify weak biopotential signals from the body while maintaining signal integrity.
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This document discusses various medical devices and technologies that use sensors. It describes sensors that measure bioelectric signals, technologies like X-rays and ultrasounds, and how computers helped make complex medical sensors feasible. It also discusses different types of biomedical sensors and provides examples like pacemakers, ECGs, and blood glucose meters. Overall, the document outlines the important role sensors play in various medical applications and technologies that have helped improve human health and care.
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This document provides an overview of sensors used in biomedical devices and systems. It begins by defining key terms like sensor, transducer, and actuator. It then discusses different types of sensors like active and passive sensors. Examples of commonly used biomedical sensors are presented. Sources of sensor error and important sensor terminology are explained. The document provides details on displacement transducers, piezoelectric transducers, and strain gauges. It also describes the Wheatstone bridge circuit configuration often used with biomedical sensors.
EEG
EEG is used to record the electrical activity of the brain. It uses electrodes placed on the scalp that are smaller than those used in ECGs. EEG can be used to diagnose neurological disorders like epilepsy. There are different types of brain waves like delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma waves that are defined by their frequency ranges and locations in the brain. Evoked potentials involve stimulating specific sensory pathways and measuring the electrical response in certain brain areas to help diagnose conditions.
Electrogastrogram basics
An electrogastrogram (EGG) is a graphic produced by an electrogastrograph, which records the electrical signals that travel through the stomach muscles and control the muscles' contractions. An electrogastroenterogram (or gastroenterogram) is a similar procedure, which writes down electric signals not only from the stomach, but also from intestines.
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This document discusses biopotentials and methods for measuring them. It begins with an introduction to biopotentials and what they are. It then discusses the mechanisms behind biopotentials, focusing on ion concentrations and how they generate electrical potentials. The rest of the document discusses specific measurement methods like ECG, EEG, EMG, EOG, and considerations for biopotential measurement like electronics, electrodes, and practices.
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MEASUREMENT OF BIO POTENTIAL USING TWO ELECTRODES AND RECORDING PROBLEMS
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Biomedical Instrumentation introduction, Bioamplifiers
Biomedical Instrumentation introduction, Bioamplifiers
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it is a seminar slide that i prepared on the topic 3d bioprinting. it may be a help to whom taking seminar on that topic. It is not covered its full area only the basics of bio printing ..
3D Bioprinting
3D bioprinting has potential to revolutionize medicine by enabling the creation of organs and tissues for transplantation. It allows for customized prosthetics and could decrease costs and wait times for organ transplants. Further development of the technology may one day enable the printing of more complex organs like kidneys and livers directly in patients. However, challenges remain such as ensuring quality control of bioprinted organs and regulating the industry.
Applications of 3 d printing in biomedical engineering
Medical applications of 3D printing are expanding rapidly and may revolutionize healthcare. Current uses include creating customized prosthetics and implants, anatomical models for surgery planning, and complex drug dosage forms through various printing techniques like selective laser sintering and inkjet printing. Researchers are working to develop organ printing through layer-by-layer deposition of living cells and biomaterials. While significant advances have been made, the most transformative applications like full organ printing will require more time and addressing remaining scientific and regulatory challenges.
Bio Medical Engineering
Biomedical engineering is the application of engineering principles and design concepts to medicine and biology. It seeks to close the gap between engineering and medicine by designing products and procedures that solve medical problems, such as artificial organs, prostheses, medical instrumentation, and health systems. Biomedical engineers work with doctors and scientists to develop and apply technology including designing equipment to analyze blood samples, creating artificial hearts and skin grafts, and developing prosthetic hips and devices to repair bones.
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Biomedical signals are long records of electrical activity within the human body, and they faithfully represent the state of health of a person. Of the many biomedical signals, focus of this work is on Electro-encephalogram (EEG), Electro-cardiogram (ECG) and Electro-myogram (EMG). It is tiresome for physicians to visually examine the long records of biomedical signals to arrive at conclusions. Automated classification of these signals can largely assist the physicians in their diagnostic process. Classifying a biomedical signal is the process of attaching the signal to a disease state or healthy state. Classification Accuracy (CA) depends on the features extracted from the signal and the classification process involved. Certain critical information on the health of a person is usually hidden in the spectral content of the signal. In this paper, effort is made for the improvement in CA when spectral features are included in the classification process.
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Bioelectrical signals
- 2. What these are? Biomedical engineering concerned with the is a discipline development and manufacture of prostheses, medical devices, diagnostic devices, drugs etc. And all these require bioelectrical signals. These bioelectrical signals are typically very small in amplitude and require amplification to accurately record, display and analyze the signals
- 3. Measurement (Equipments) heart (electrocardiogram/ECG); muscles (electromyograph/EMG); skin (Galvanic skin response/GSR); scalp (electroencephalograph/EEG); eyes (electrooculogram/EOG
- 4. Importance of Biosignals Diagnosis Patient monitoring Biomedical research
- 5. Characteristics of Biosignals Often hidden in a background of other signals and noise components. Generated by highly complex and dynamic biological processes with parameters usually more than a few and varying continuously
- 7. Biosignal Processing In order to derive the required information from the bio signals: -Disturbance should be filtered out -The amount of data should be reduced by discriminating only the most significant ones related with the required information
- 8. Stages of Biosignal Processing Signal acquisition Transformation and reduction of the signals Computation of signal parameters that are diagnostically significant Interpretation or classification of the signals
- 9. Application of Biosignal Analysis In ICUs integrating signals from multiple sources presenting information in the most appropriate form interpreting variations over prolonged time periods learning and recognizing profiles triggering “intelligent” alarms
- 10. Application Areas of Biosignal Analysis Biosignals offer parameters that support medical decision making and trend analysis. Bio signal analysis techniques help to extract these parameters accurately, analyze and interpret them objectively.
- 12. Applications of EMG in Ergonomics ► ANALYSIS OF DESIGN. ► RISK PREVENTION. ► ERGONOMIC DESIGN. ► PRODUCT CERTIFICATION. 12
- 13. Applications of EMG in Medical Research ►EMG helps to improve the medical research studies by detecting activity levels in muscles and quickly identifying muscle dysfunction. 13
- 14. Applications of EMG in Medical Research FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGY GAIT AND POSTURE ANALYSIS PROSTHETIC DEVICES ORTHOPEDICS SURGERY 14
- 15. EMG For A Robotic Hand Figure shows the highly integrated approach to use EMG recording of the human lower arm in order to control the opening and closing of three fingers of the hand. 15
- 16. Applications of EMG in Sports Science ► Biomechanics is the scientific study of forces and the effects of those forces on and within the human body. 16
- 17. Thanks…………