This seminar presentation provides an overview of abrasive jet machining (AJM). AJM is a mechanical advanced machining process where material is removed through impact erosion from a high-velocity jet of abrasive particles carried by a pressurized gas. Key aspects of AJM covered include the process mechanics, factors that influence material removal rate, common applications for machining hard or brittle materials, and advantages over traditional machining methods. The objectives are to educate about the AJM process and its ability to manufacture complex parts from difficult-to-machine materials for industries like aerospace and nuclear engineering.

1. Seminar on
ABRASIVE JET MACHINING
Presented
By
Suravi sen
Diploma in Mechanical Engineering
3rd. year 6th semester
Guided by
Mr.Somenath Raha, Mr.Milan
Mondal and Mr. Asim Banerjee
K.G. Engineering Institute, Bishnupur

2. Introduction to
Advance Machining process
The expectations from present-day manufacturing industries are
very high.
 high economic manufacturing of high-performance
 high precision and complex parts made of very hard high-
strength materials of difficult-to-machine.
 need for high-quality low-cost parts of very small size.
The traditional machining methods are unable to meet such
stringent demands of various industries such as aerospace,
electronics, automobiles, etc.
As a result, a new class of machining processes has evolved over
a period of time to meet such demands, named non-traditional,
unconventional, modern or advanced machining processes.

3. OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this seminar is to provide a knowledge
about abrasive jet machining process (AJM).
This enables one to understand the difficulties in
manufacturing of many components.
Development of harder and difficult to machine materials
such as hastalloy, nitralloy, carbides, stainless steel, heat
resisting steels and many other high-strength- temperature-
resistance alloy are used widely in aerospace, nuclear
engineering and other industries

4. Selection of processes
The selection of Advanced machining process depends on :
 Physical parameters of the process.
e.g. current, voltage, power, gap, medium
 Shapes to be machined.
 Process capability.
e.g. MRR, surface finish, specific power, penetration
 Process economy
e.g. Capital cost, tooling and fixture, power reqd. efficiency,
total consumption.

5. CLASSIFICATION
 Mechanical advanced machining processes
 Abrasive jet machining (AJM)
 Ultrasonic machining (USM)
 Water jet machining (WJM)
 Abrasive water jet machining (AWJM)
 Thermal advanced machining processes
 Laser beam machining (LBM)
 Electron beam machining (EBM)
 Electro-discharge machining (EDM)
 Electro-chemical and chemical advanced machining processes
 Electrochemical machining (ECM)
 Chemical machining (CHM)
 Biochemical machining (BM)

6. Mechanical advanced machining process
Abrasive Jet Machining process
 Material is removed from by
impact erosion.
 A high velocity of focused jet of
fine abrasive particles carried by a
high velocity of gas stream
through a nozzle at 300 m/s with
pressure 0.5 N/mm2
 strikes the surface of the work
piece, producing erosion.
 A high-speed jet of dry air,
nitrogen or carbon dioxide carries
abrasive particles.
Abrasive materials : aluminum
oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten
carbide, glass powder etc.
Fig-1. AJM

7. Mechanical advanced machining process
Abrasive Jet Machining process
Fig-2. Schematic diagram

8. Abrasive Jet Machining (contd.)
Material removal rate depends on :
i). hardness,
ii). strength,
iii).particle shape & size of the
abrasive,
iv).jet pressure, and
v) stand of distance(SOD).
Fig-3.SOD vs MRR

9. Abrasive Jet Machining (contd.)
Major variables :
i).Types of abrasive,
ii). carrier gas and
iii). stand of distance,
iv). jet velocity,
v). nozzle design and
vi). material.
Fig-4.Nozzle pressure vs MRR

10. Abrasive Jet Machining (contd.)
Applications:
 Good for cutting hard or brittle materials
 Removing the flash,
 Deburring and polishing of plastics
 Nylon and Teflon part.
 Removing glue and paint
Advantages :
 No heat generation,
 suitable for brittle material,
 low investment,
 low power consumption.

11. Conclusion
The Abrasive jet machining processes are based on
the direct application of energy for material removal .
These are the alternatives where conventional
procedures would be insufficient or uneconomical in
higher degree of accuracy and surface finish from the
microns ranges.

12. THANK YOU ALL